• 음성과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2001

The abbreviation (specially, an acronym) are used more nowadays. However we are using them carelessly unknowing that there are some reducing patterns. In this paper, we will first analyse the right oralization and the phonemicization of abbreviation on the basis of the group types. Then, we will propose necessary and sufficient conditions to recognize how to read or pronounce the acronyms and in which way, when they are converted from the text to the speech. We have limited the use of acronym to the graphem-phoneme relations, and the diversity of the usage to minimized, and therefore we could define clearly the characteristics of the phonetic chains. In conclusion, we could find that there are more phonemicization in producing acronyms with these phonetic chains characteristics, and these phonetic based acronyms are increasingly used in the field of aviation and medicine.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2017

스마트폰 사용자들은 텍스트를 쉽게 읽고 빠르게 입력하기를 원한다. 이런 흐름에 따라 사용자들은 채팅 용어에서부터 전문 분야, 뉴스 기사에 이르기까지 여러 단어로 이루어진 어휘를 축약한 약어를 많이 사용한다. 그러므로 약어를 모아 데이터를 구축한다면 정보 검색과 추천 시스템 등에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 하지만 약어는 새로운 콘텐츠가 등장할 때마다 계속해서 생겨나기 때문에 수동으로 모으는 일은 쉽지 않으므로, 약어를 자동으로 생성하는 방법이 필요하다. 기존 연구들은 약어를 자동으로 생성하기 위해 규칙 기반 방법을 사용하였으나, 불규칙한 약어들은 생성할 수 없다는 한계점이 있다. 또한 규칙에 의해 생성된 후보 약어들 중에서 올바른 약어를 결정해야하는 문제도 발생한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이런 한계점을 극복하기 위해 시퀀스 투 시퀀스 학습 방법을 사용하여 약어를 자동으로 생성한다. 시퀀스투 시퀀스 학습 방법은 심층 신경망으로 기존의 규칙 기반 방법으로 생성할 수 없던 불규칙한 약어들을 생성할 수 있다. 게다가 후보 약어들 중 올바른 약어를 결정할 문제가 발생하지 않기 때문에 자동으로 약어를 생성하는 문제에 적합하다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 방법을 평가한 결과, 기존의 연구에서 생성할 수 없던 불규칙적인 약어를 생성하여 제안한 모델이 효과적임을 증명하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.143-147
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• 1999

This study was to provide model of SOAP Note, as a English and a Korean. English model was written with abbreviation. Abbreviations are und as a time and space saver while writing a notes. Acceptable abbreviations varies from one facility to the next, particularly terminology specific to allied health field such as physical therapy and occupational therapy. Based on the research results, the following consideration and guideline are presented. 1. Include the SOAP Note in curriculums of physical therapy. 2. The list of abbreviation have to approved between the Korea Hospital Association and the Korea Physical Therapy Association.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호통권28호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1996

The stress patterns of vertical stiffener of plate girder bridge were examined by existing data of actual measurement stress for steel bridges and the structural details of vertical stiffener of plate girder bridge having seeked rationalization and abbreviation were investigated by 1/2 bridge model. As the results, the out-of-plane stress occur in the upper parts of vertical stiffner and fatigue cracks by the action of alternative stress is apt to occur in web plate of lower parts vertical stiffener. Also, the gap between lower parts of vertical stiffner and lower flange of plate girder bridge seeking rationalization and abbreviation is effective to adopt 100mm.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.308-321
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• 2010

우리나라 농경지에서 발생하는 잡초 68과 433종에 대한 공통적인 약어(가칭 KSWS code, the Korean Society Weed Science code)를 만들어 잡초연구자의 연구효율성을 증진시키고자 한다. 이들 약어는 이미 미국잡초학회에서 널리 사용되고 있는 Bayer code를 인용하여 한국 잡초 현황에 맞게 재구성하였다. KSWS code는 알파펫 5자로 구성되며, 속명에서 3자, 종소명에서 2자를 떼어내어 조합을 만들었다. 그리고 변이종이 있을 경우에는 속명의 1자, 변이종명의 1자로 KSWS code를 조합하였다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.883-894
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• 2004

We discuss in this paper the strong convergence for weighted sums of negative associated (in abbreviation: NA) arrays. Meanwhile, the central limit theorem for weighted sums of NA variables and linear process based on NA variables is also considered. As corollary, we get the results on iid of Li et al. ([10]) in NA setting.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.91-111
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• 2000

Causal maps or cognitive maps have been widely used to get insights for complex systems or decision makers. When insights come from the system behavior rather than its structure, we need simulation of causal maps and cognitive maps. In this paper, a method for directly converting causal maps and cognitive maps into stock-flow diagrams that can be simulated in computers in proposed. This method is called as NUMBER. NUMBER is an abbreviation for 'Normal Unit Modeling By Elementary Relationship'. In this paper, NUMBER is applied to a cognitive map of policy maker to show its usefulness.

• 한국심리학회지ㆍ건강
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.407-420
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 21문항짜리 연민적 사랑척도(CLS: Compassionate Love Scale, Sprecher & Fehr, 2005)에 대한 비판적 검토를 토대로 두 개의 연구를 통해 12문항으로 단축한 한국판 척도를 친지판과 일반인판으로 제시하였다. 연구1에서는 CLS의 일반인판 21문항을 번안하여 207명의 대학생에게 실시한 자료를 통해 각 문항의 변별력, 내적합치도에 미치는 영향 등을 토대로 21문항 척도의 요인구조와 신뢰도를 거의 손상시키지 않는 12문항을 선별하였다. 연구2에서는 269명의 대학생 자료를 수집하여, 12문항 척도의 요인구조의 안정성과 신뢰도를 재검토하였고, 관련된 다른 척도들과의 상관계수를 검토하였다. 그 결과, 본 연구에서 제시한 한국판 아주 연민사랑척도(ACLS; Ajou Compassionate Love Scale)는 원척도에 비해 문항수가 12개로 훨씬 짧으면서도 구조적으로 동일하고, 신뢰도가 .90을 넘으며, 다른 척도들과의 상관계수도 이론적 예상과 일치하는 효율적이며 타당한 척도로 나타났다. 연구의 한계와 함의에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1262-1272
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• 2009

The study is classifies the figures of obese women aged 20-50 with an over 25 BMI from the data of the fifth Size Korea in 2005. As the result of conducting the factor analysis for segmenting the shape, Factor 1, Factor 2, Factor 3, and Factor 4 are respectively derived as the factor on a volume, the factor on the size of the vertical direction, the factor on the shoulder region, and the factor on the body length balance. As the result of conducting the cluster analysis using 4 factors (scores extracted from the analysis of factor analysis) the body type of obese women was classified into four types. The name of shape was specified by combining 'P' (an abbreviation of petite) that indicated the height (smaller than 155cm) among the height names of KS standard, 'R' (abbreviation of regular) that indicated the height (155cm-165cm) and the body characteristics. Type 1 had the longest length, and normal circumference, thickness, and width but with the developed shoulder. Type 1 was classified as a robust, 'Plus-RH'. Type 2 had the middle height, the shortest length of the upper part, a relatively-long length of the lower part of body. Type 2 shows the characteristics of a small body that was classified as 'Plus-PI'. The most obese body was Type 3 that had the normal length and shoulder size but showed the longest length of the upper part of the body; it was classified as 'Plus-PO'. Type 4 as the small shape had a potbelly and showed the characteristics of the shortest body classified as 'Plus-Pb'.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.510-525
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate adult learners' experience by studying Humanities & General Education and get to know types and characteristics by classifying their learning experiences. This study uses grounded theory method which is suitable to investigate subjective experiences. In this study, data is collected from 13 adult learners by using Focus Group Interview(FGI) who participate in learning experience of Humanities & General Education of D university in Busan region. The data is categorized by open coding, axial coding and selective coding based on data analysis method of grounded theory and analysis processes. This study provides several outcomes as follows: 113 concepts, 38 subcategories and 16 upper categories are derived through the process of abbreviation and categorization of learning experience of Humanities & General Education. In a process of learning experience, this study shows interrelationship in a frame of paradigm and derives results of a process of abbreviation and categorization casual condition, contextual condition, phenomenon and interaction(help/obstruction factor). Tree types of learning experiences and characteristics are drawn as follows: 1) "Self-realization" is the type who participate in Humanities & General Education with desire of learning and they want to find identity and plan detailed future. 2) "The pursuit of happiness" has less desire on learning than "self-realization" and they are types who participate in Humanities & General Education because of someone else's help and suggestion. 3) "Local community" is the type who participate in Humanities & General Education because they feel necessity of social role and they expect local development based on their interest in local community. Several conclusions and suggestions are provided for further studies.