• Health Policy and Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.207-220
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this exploratory study is to explain where, when and how the introduction of user fee system works in low and middle income countries using context, mechanism, and outcome configuration. Methods: Considering advanced research in realist review approach, we made a review process including those following 4 steps. They are identifying the review question, initial theory and mechanism, searching and selecting primary studies, and extracting, analyzing, and synthesizing relevant data. Results: User fee had a detrimental effect on medical utilization in low and middle income countries. Also previous and current interventions and community participation were critical context in user fee system. Those contexts were associated with intervention initiation and recognition and coping strategies. Such contexts and mechanisms were critical explanatory factors in medical utilization. Conclusion: User fee is a series of interventions that are fragile and dynamic. So the introduction of user fee system needs a comprehensive understanding of previous and new intervention, policy infrastructure, and other factors that can influence on medical utilization.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.379-386
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the trunk impairment scale that are used to assess the trunk control of stroke patients. Design: A systematic review Methods: Stroke subjects were categorized as acute, subacute, chronic. In this systematic review, the studies published between 2000 and 2020 were selected. A literature search using the keywords 'QUADAS', 'stroke', 'trunk impairment scale'. Data sources included RISS, GOOGLE Scholar and DBpia. We assessed the quality of assessment tools using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool. Results: We reviewed 18 studies. 7 of the 18 studies reported reliability results, 10 reported validity results. The QUADAS tool quality evaluation of 17 literatures extracted except for one randomized control test among 18 literatures showed a range of 3 to 13 points. 5 of the 18 studies are presented with the Cronbach alpha coefficient indicating reliability using internal consistency, all of which are more than 0.8. All studies that presented test-retest reliability, intra-rater reliability, and inter-rater reliability showed high agreement with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.75 or more. Conclusions: A systematic review of the study of the application of the trunk impairment scale for stroke patients will help provide criteria for future studies and application of the trunk impairment scale in clinical practice.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.61
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• pp.157-190
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• 2019

The Records Appraisal Review contains the processes and results of appraisal works for records. This study is an analysis of the 2018 Records Appraisal Review of 22 Local Education Offices where records managers were deployed. To ensure reliability of analyzing results, the analysis data preparation criteria were applied to maintain consistency in the analysis data preparation. Also, statistics by appraisal process and retention period were cross-checked. Through the analysis of the Records Appraisal Review identifies the actual condition for records appraisal. Based on this, the improvement measures that are applicable in practice were proposed in terms of records management of department, appraisal works of records manager and operation of Records Appraisal Review Commission.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.327-330
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• 2021

Though the stability review of buoyancy is generally done, the stability review of buoyancy moment, which is generated from the eccentricity between the center of fixed load and that of buoyancy, is not done in the water treatment concrete structure and the architectual structure. In this review, as the buoyancy force become larger, the action point of the fixed load (ΣW) and buoyancy (B), and the reaction distribution were considered to confirm the formation of the buoyancy moment rotational point and obtained the rotational uplift stability review formula for buoyancy moment in the water treatment concrete structure and the architechual structure, and put forward the stability review method for buoyancy moment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.166-181
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the literature concerning the burdens of parents of preschool-aged children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: We employed an integrative review methodology based on Whittemore and Knafl's framework. The literature search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines across four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycINFO. Ultimately, 18 articles were included in the review. Results: The review yielded four themes: (1) parental burdens, (2) factors related to the burdens, (3) coping strategies, and (4) implications for clinical practice. Parents experienced psychological, physical, and social burdens due to the diabetes care of their children. Several factors influenced burdens, including child-related characteristics such as age, severity of diabetes, and hospitalization experience, as well as parental factors like family income, race, and residential area. Parents initially felt burdened when their child was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, but over time, they often adapted to the situation through support and sharing of responsibilities. Parents desired education and interventions reflecting the unique characteristics of preschoolers. Conclusion: This integrative literature review revealed that parents experience numerous burdens when their child is diagnosed with diabetes. Future research should focus on developing interventions to address parents' psychological difficulties, including tracking parental psychological changes over time. Tailored nursing interventions should also be provided to parents of preschool-aged children, as opposed to the more generic nursing interventions traditionally applied across all age groups of children in clinical settings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Objectives: Adjusting for potential confounders is crucial for producing valuable evidence in outcome studies. Although numerous studies have been published using the Korea National Health Insurance Claim Database, no study has critically reviewed the methods used to adjust for confounders. This study aimed to review these studies and suggest methods and applications to adjust for confounders. Methods: We conducted a literature search of electronic databases, including PubMed and Embase, from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. In total, 278 studies were retrieved. Eligibility criteria were published in English and outcome studies. A literature search and article screening were independently performed by 2 authors and finally, 173 of 278 studies were included. Results: Thirty-nine studies used matching at the study design stage, and 171 adjusted for confounders using regression analysis or propensity scores at the analysis stage. Of these, 125 conducted regression analyses based on the study questions. Propensity score matching was the most common method involving propensity scores. A total of 171 studies included age and/or sex as confounders. Comorbidities and healthcare utilization, including medications and procedures, were used as confounders in 146 and 82 studies, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first review to address the methods and applications used to adjust for confounders in recently published studies. Our results indicate that all studies adjusted for confounders with appropriate study designs and statistical methodologies; however, a thorough understanding and careful application of confounding variables are required to avoid erroneous results.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-41
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• 1999

This is an effort to review epidemiological research on developmental patterns of drinking behavior among youth from adolescence to young adulthood. Selected correlates for changes in drinking behavior include age, antisocial behavior, family influence, and sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. An emphasis is given to the relationship between antisocial behavior and developmental patterns of drinking behavior. Also, this review regards observed particular patterns of drinking behavior as being contextualized by group to which individuals belong.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.350-354
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• 2010

Tuberculosis has re-emerged as serious infectious diseases, and oral tuberculosis, though uncommon, can be seen in both the primary and secondary tuberculosis. The aim of the present review is to describe the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and the characteristics of oral tuberculosis. The oral tuberculosis lesion may present as a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. In particular, the risk of tuberculosis transmission in dental practises is potentially increasing, the dentists and dental providers must exercise strict tuberculosis prevention.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.93-106
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• 2001

The primary purpose of the study was to review both domestic and international literature and intervention programs designed from an ecological perspective in dealing with issues on family welfare. This study cites several research evidence that indicates why an ecological model is a relevant alternative to investigate issues in family welfare. The strengths of the ecological approach and limitations of the present study were discussed. Suggestions for future research were made based on the review of literature.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.172-175
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide nurses with a concise review on neurodegenrative dementias. This review includes pathophysiology, clinical course, and tips on management of dementias from Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD) and lewy body dementia (LBD). Considering increasing numbers of dementia cases among older adults, nurses who are cognizant about dementia care are instrumental in maximizing daily activities and quality of life of patients with cognitive impairment and dementia.