• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.298-305
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and periodontitis in adult Korean women. This cross-sectional study was based on the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES). We selected the data from 3,292 women (over 19 years of age) out of 7,550 participants for analysis, after excluding data from men. Complex logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of sleep duration on the risk of periodontitis; the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. The risk of periodontitis was higher in participants who had a sleep duration of 7 hours or more, than in those with less than 7 hours (crude OR) by 1.37 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13~1.65). The adjusted OR of the participants after adjusting for the sample characteristics of the participants (age, education level, income level, diabetes, hypertension, obesity) was 1.04 times (95% CI, 0.82~1.32), but the risk for periodontitis was slightly higher, though not statistically significant. This study confirmed the relationship between sleep duration and the risk of periodontitis in Korean women. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement a comprehensive health promotion program that can improve the proper sleeping habits of adult women in Korea and to combine oral hygiene management programs to prevent periodontal disease.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1349-1360
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of quality of life (QoL) and its related factors in patients with Korean Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). With data collected by Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2013, general and disease-related variables, pulmonary function test, and EuroQol-5Dimension (EQ-5D) were analyzed. The mean of EQ-5D index was 0.916 in patients with COPD and 0.941 in non-COPD. The EQ-5D index and its sub dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) of COPD patients were significantly lower than that of non-COPD. However, difference in COPD patients' airway limitation was significant only for self-care of EQ-5D (${\chi}^2=9.50$, p=.013). The related factors of QoL in COPD patients were age, gender, level of education, quartile of household income, smoking status, and number of comorbid diseases. Based on the results, it is important to pay close attention to COPD patients' QoL as well as comprehensive interventions which possibly improve their QoL.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2019

Objective: Patients with COPD have a lower overall quality of life than normal people. If patients with COPD do not regularly perform physical activities, their exercise capacity is reduced. It could lead to muscle loss, and negatively affect their general physical, social, and psycho-social status. The purpose of this study was to examine association with physical activity, sedentary life time and health-related quality of life in patients with COPD. Method: Of the total of 22,948 participants surveyed in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2013-2015), 8,626 participants were used for this study. Of these, under 40 years, over 80 years, missing values and abnormal values were excluded. Study variables included physical activity level, sedentary time and health-related quality of life variables. The physical activity level assessment tool was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sedentary time referred to the amount of sitting time without moving the body. EQ-5D (Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions) was used as an index of health-related quality of life. Control variables were age, gender, income level, education level, marital status, comorbidity, smoking, BMI, cough, sputum, COPD severity. For this study, descriptive analysis, T-test, ANOVA and multivariate regression analysis were performed. Results: Of the 1,092 patients with COPD, 76.1% (n=831) were male and 23.9% (n=261) were female, while 39.0% (n=2,939) were male and 61.0% (n=4,595) were female in the comparison group without COPD. The COPD group with high level of physical activity showed a high level of EQ-5D scores ($0.9349{\pm}0.11$, p <0.001). Among patients with COPD, after adjusting for control variables, physical activity and sedentary time (physical activity level, Β=0.047, p <.001), (sedentary time, Β=-0.017, p <.05) were associated with health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Patients with COPD have a higher quality of life as their physical activity increases and the quality of life decreases as the time spent sitting increases. This study suggests that public health experts should consider improving COPD patient physical activity.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and periodontitis in the Korean population. Methods: This study utilized data from 9,191 participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was defined as a CPI score of 3 or 4. Physical activity was assessed by the trained interviewer using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). IPAQ-SF is composed of vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, and walking activity. Multivariable logistic regression analyses and stratified analyses by obesity were performed. All analyses were conducted separately for males and females. Results: Females who engaged in vigorous and moderate physical activity had a 28% (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54 - 0.95) and 34% (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.44 - 0.98) lower risk of periodontitis, respectively. In obese females, moderate physical activity in obese had a 65% lower risk of periodontitis (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18 - 0.67). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that moderate-intensity physical activity was inversely associated with a lower risk of periodontitis. In obese females, moderate physical activity had an independent inverse association with periodontitis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.1435-1442
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of consumption value on healthy functional food choice. Also, this study explored the role of health motivation, health concern, and food involvement as a moderating variable in the relationship between consumption value and healthy functional food choice. A total of 281 responses were collected using on-site survey (response rate 96.0%) from college students in Daegu, Gyeoungbuk Province. The questionnaire contained questions on consumption value, health motivation, health concern, food involvement, and purchasing intention of healthy functional food. The respondents rated the items using a 5-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). According to the confirmatory factor analysis, item evaluating using factor loading resulted in the retention of 25 consumption value items loading on seven factors, four health motivation items loading one factor, six health concern items loading on one factor, and four food involvement items loading on one factor with an internal consistency. Results of stepwise regression found that social value-I, emotional, functional, epistemic, and conditional values among consumption value determined the purchasing intention of healthy functional food. Results of hierarchical regression showed that health concern had a positive effect on the relationship between social value-I and purchasing intention of healthy functional food.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.376-384
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the food purchasing management of school food services. The subjects consisted of 271 school dietitians in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. The percentages of ready-to-use vegetables actually being used were as follows: root of balloon flowers, 88.4%; garlic, 87.8%; blanched bracken, 80.1%; raw lotus root, 65.7%; burdock, 63.5%; small green onion, 63.5%; stem of taro, 57.6%; ginger, 35.1%; radish root, 30.6%; blanched asterscaber, 29.2%; large type welsh onion, 25.8%; carrot, 25.5%; onion, 21.4%; and potato, 8.9%. The percentages of HACCP-certified products being used were as follows: meat, 75.9%; eggs, 66.7%; soybean curds, 65.5%; ready-to-use seafood, 55.1%; starch jellies, 49.9%; spice, 44.9%; kimchi, 30.9%; ready-to-use vegetables, 22.7%; and fruits, 6.9%. The percentages of environment-friendly food items being used were as follows: eggs, 31.0%; meat, 28.7%; soybean curds, 22.1%; and fruits, 17.7%. Of these food items, meat and ready-to-use seafood were being used the most in the elementary schools. The percentages of imported food items being used were as follows: starch jelly, 29.2%; ready-to-use seafood, 24.7%; soybean curds, 20.5%; spice, 15.9%; and fruits, 10.1%. The food items requiring HACCP certification were as follows: beef and pork, 81.5%; chicken, 80.1%; ready-to-use seafood, 78.6%; frozen dumplings, 73.8%; soybean curds, 71.6%; peeled eggs, 70.8%; fish paste, 69.4%; starch jelly, 65.7%; milk, 63.1%; kimchi, 54.6%; spice, 50.6%; frozen noodle, 45.4%; ready-to-use vegetables, 44.3%; and bean sprouts, 29.5%. It was confirmed that 8.1% of the sanitation monitoring results were intentionally misreported. Therefore, to supply good and safe foods to schools, active management is needed in schools and food manufacturing and delivery companies.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.395-405
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• 2009

In this study, a survey was conducted to determine consumer perceptions and satisfaction for onion hot-water extracts. Among the study subjects, females (53.3%) were in greater number than males, and individuals in their 40s (35.1%) made up the largest group. Cocerning the detailed efficacy of onion hot-water extracts, most respondents (84.5%) were aware of their efficacy and females recognized this more than males (p<0.001). Most consumers (67.3%) purchased onion hot-water extracts from 'health food stores prepared using a double boiler', and many consumers (47.4%) received information on the extracts from families and relatives. Of the respondents, 51.8% said they purchased 'quantities for $1{\sim}3$ months' at one time, and 33.1% stated that the price of onion hot-water extracts was expensive. They considered 'health' the most important aspect when purchasing, and preferred 'pouch packs' (60.3%) and considered 'easiness to open convenience to drink, and safety' (42.0%) the most important product features. Also, 62.8% of the respondents consumed onion hot-water extracts, and many drank them $1{\sim}3$ times a week, with '70 mL' as one dose, and drank them 'regardless of time'. The consumers were satisfied with the listing of health effects, but were not satisfied with the 'taste', 'smell', or 'color' of products. Concerning advertisements for the efficacy of onion hot-water extracts, 72.5% replied 'I trust them a little'. And concerning the expanding onion hot-water extract market, many respondents said it is difficult to choose an onion hot-water extract due to many similar products at the market. They also requested improvements of taste and flavor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.8
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• pp.1304-1316
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• 2014

The aims of this study were to estimate daily intakes of artificial sweeteners from beverages and liquid teas as well as evaluate their potential health risks in Korean children and adolescents (1 to 19 years old). Dietary intake assessment was conducted using actual levels of aspartame, acesulfame-K, and sucralose in non-alcoholic beverages (651 beverages and 87 liquid teas), and food consumption amounts were drawn from "The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007~2009)". To estimate dietary intake of non-alcoholic beverages, a total of 6,082 children and adolescents (Scenario I) were compared to 1,704 non-alcoholic beverage consumption subjects (Scenario II). The estimated daily intake of artificial sweeteners was calculated based on point estimates and probabilistic estimates. The values of probabilistic artificial sweeteners intakes were presented by a Monte Carlo approach considering probabilistic density functions of variables. The level of safety for artificial sweeteners was evaluated by comparisons with acceptable daily intakes (ADI) of aspartame (0~40 mg/kg bw/day), acesulfame-K (0~15 mg/kg bw/day), and sucralose (0~15 mg/kg bw/day) set by the World Health Organization. For total children and adolescents (Scenario I), mean daily intakes of aspartame, acesulfame-K, and sucralose estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation were 0.09, 0.01, and 0.04 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, and 95th percentile daily intakes were 0.30, 0.02, and 0.13 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. For consumers-only (Scenario II), mean daily intakes of aspartame, acesulfame-K, and sucralose estimated by probabilistic estimates using Monte Carlo simulation were 0.52, 0.03, and 0.22 mg/kg bw/day, respectively, and 95th percentile daily intakes were 1.80, 0.12, and 0.75 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. For scenarios I and II, neither aspartame, acesulfame-K, nor sucralose had a mean and 95th percentile intake that exceeded 5.06% of ADI.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.397-410
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• 2014

This study sought to identify types of health behavior clusters among Korean adults and their related factors. A secondary analysis of 1,441 subjects, aged 19 to 64, in the 2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV-3) was conducted. A cluster analysis was used to identify types of clusters related to physical activity, smoking, and alcohol drinking. A complex samples chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze the associations between types of health behavior clusters and sample's characteristics using SPSS WIN 21. Five clusters were identified: health promotion, smoking, alcohol drinking, passive attitude, and risky behavior. The passive attitude cluster had the most subjects, with 47.7% of subjects as members. Socio-demographic factors, hypertension, and depressive symptoms were associated with membership in the alcohol drinking, smoking, passive attitude, or risky behavior cluster rather than the health promotion cluster. The findings of this study suggest that integrated health promotion programs incorporating multiple strategies need to be investigated. In addition, further studies should explore psychosocial factors that affect health behavior clusters, such as stress, self-efficacy, social support, and social networks.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between diabetes and periodontal diseases in Korean adults based upon the data of the 2007 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects of this study were 190 adults aged ${\geq}19years$ whose CPI(Community Periodontal Index) and diabetes related medial histories including its component-specific examination data had been available, and the results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Diabetes related characteristics associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases include diabetes education, diabetes treatment, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The incidence rate of periodontitis was higher in the subjects who had not received diabetes education or treatment or who showed at least 7.0 of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (apt to be uncontrolled). 2. General health behaviors associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases include smoking and drinking. The incidence rate of periodontitis was higher in those who were currently smokers or who had higher frequencies of drinking per week. 3. Oral health behaviors associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases include the history of oral health examination in the previous year, the use of proxabrush or dental floss, and perceived oral health status. The incidence rate of periodontitis was higher in those who had not received oral health examinations in the previous year, who had used neither proxabrush nor dental floss or who perceived that their own oral health was poor.