• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between atopic dermatitis and dietary fat and fatty acid (FA) intakes in 9 ~ 11 year old children. Methods: We analyzed data from the combined 2013 ~ 2015 KNHANES (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). Subjects were divided into two groups according to atopic dermatitis (AD); with AD and without AD. Data pertaining to macronutrients and FA intakes were obtained by a single 24-h dietary recall. Food sources were identified based on the amounts of total fat and FA consumption according to each food. The associations between each FA intake and atopic dermatitis were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and income levels were adjusted as covariates. Results: Of the participants, 17.69% suffered from atopic dermatitis. Children with AD had significantly lower fat percentages of total energy and higher carbohydrate percentages of total energy than normal children. Percentages of energy and intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), n-3 FA and n-6 FA in children with AD were significantly lower than those in normal children. In the FA, linoleic acid, ${\gamma}$-linoleic acid and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid levels of children with AD were significantly lower than those of normal children. However, the P/S ratio and n-6/n-3 ratio did not differ significantly between children with AD and normal children. Soybean oil was the main contributor to PUFA, n-3 FA and n-6 FA in both groups, while perilla seed oil and mackerel were the major food sources of n-3 FA in children with atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis was significantly correlated with low-fat and high-carbohydrate diets. The adjusted odds ratios were 0.966, 0.776 and 0.963 for PUFA, n-3 FA, and n-6 FA intakes, respectively. Conclusion: The present study provides reliable evidence regarding the relationship between fat and FA intakes and AD in Korean children 9 ~ 11 years of age.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.123-133
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• 2018

This study aims to evaluate the overall health of the disabled and oral health behavior to determine its relevance to DMFT index. Based on the National Health Nutrition Survey. The survey was conducted on disabled adults over 19years old age in 2013 the first of 6th phase. The data analysis included a general characteristics, disability factors, social economy factors, health factors, oral health behavior factors were cross-analyzed on a composite sample. The general linear model of the combined sample was analyzed to determine the factors affecting the DMFT index of the disabled. The analysis shows that the DMFT index is higher for men than for women, the higher age, the lower level of education, the worse condition of whole body(EQ-5D), the difficulty of Stomatognathic system, the uncomfortable of chewing and the worse oral health conditions subjectively. Therefore, the study objectively identified the overall oral health condition of the adult disabled in Korea, Through this study, a measure should be made to development of comprehensive oral health education program to promote oral health of disabled people and policy measures should be prepared for prevention and care of oral health of disabled people.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders and lumbar diseases in adults when the prevalence rate of osteoarthritis is increasing and to help develop health policies that can improve oral health and health in general. The study used representative data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey phase 3 (2012). In total, we analyzed the data of 3,017 individuals aged over 50 years who participated in the health-related survey and underwent radiography of the lumbar joints. PASW statistics ver. 18.0 was used for analysis. This study revealed the following results: 16.1% experienced at least one symptom of temporomandibular joint disorders within the recent single year, 20.6% experienced lower back pain in the recent three months, and 30.6% had lumbar osteoarthritis revealed using radiography of the lumbar joints. Symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders, lower back pain, and lumbar osteoarthritis were correlated with each other; the respondents who experienced symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders had 1.70 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30~2.22) higher prevalence of lower back pain and 1.20 times (95% CI, 0.86~1.68) higher prevalence of lumbar osteoarthritis than in those with no such difficulties. The results of this study confirmed that the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders affected lumbar diseases in adulthood. Therefore, adequate treatment and prevention of the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders in adults is expected to make crucial contributions to decreases in the prevalence rate of lumbar diseases and an improvement in the quality of life.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2010

This study conducted a secondary analysis by using original data of performed by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs to determine factors affecting health-related quality of life for the elderly aged over 65 years living in Korea. The survey was conducted in 2005 and it evaluated totally 34,152 cases. Among them 3074 cases investigating the elderly aged over 65 years were selected for this study and finally 2036 cases were included in it by excluding cases with no answer or a wrong answer. The results were as follows. In the illness days, the average of the whole subjects was 11.05 days and it was longer when subjects were female and older, had lower educational background and lower family income, did not have spouses and jobs and were covered by medical aid as medical security. In the years of activity restriction, the average of the total subjects was 3.48 years and it was increased when they were older, had lower educational background and lower family income, did not have spouses, lived in detached houses and were covered by medical aid as medical security. Subjective health condition of the total subjects was 2.64 points out of 5 points in average. The scores were higher when subjects were male, younger, had better educational background, spouses, jobs and more family income, lived in multi-family living houses and were covered by corporate insurance as medical security. The average of total quality of life of the subjects was 2.61 points out of 3 points and it was found to be higher when subjects were male, younger, had better educational background, spouses, jobs and more family income and were covered by corporate insurance as medical security. It was decreased with higher illness days, higher years of activity restriction and lower subjective health condition. For the effects of the factors related to quality of life, subjective health condition showed the largest influence.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.147-151
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the variables affecting the quality of life according to the degree of obesity of male and female college students. The research data used the data of the 8th year (2019) of the National Health and Nutrition Survey. Among the survey data, 287 students enrolled in college were enrolled. As a result of the study, the body mass index according to sex was 23.71kg/m2 for male students, 21.31kg/m2 for female students, and male students were overweight, and female students showed normal weight. The quality of life score according to gender was 0.97 points for male students and 0.98 points for female students, indicating a high quality of life score for female students. In the results of a regression analysis conducted to investigate the effect of obesity on the quality of life of college students, boys had normal weight (β=0.053, p=0.003), overweight (β=0.041, p=0.030) and obese weight compared to underweight. The quality of life was significantly higher in (β=0.046, p=0.012). However, there was no significant relevance in female students. In the future, it is considered that the education program for obese body type and the education program for underweight should be combined with the university's health-related education program.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

This study was performed to develop educational materials in the form of card news that can be easily accessed on mobile phones or the Internet for milk intake education of the elderly based on the scientific evidence and their needs. The themes included in the card news were selected based on the literature and focus group interviews with 10 elderly individuals (78.10±6.66 years old). For the selected themes, information that elderly users most want to know was selected for the purpose of effective communication, while reflecting the eating habits, lifestyle, living environment, and nutrition and health status of the elderly in Korea. The draft of the card news was reviewed by the researcher, consulted by experts, and surveyed with 50 elderly individuals (70.44±5.16 years old). Based on the results of the review, consultations, and the survey, a final draft of the card news consisting of 12 pages was completed. The card news of the present study is expected to be an effective educational material considering the high level of satisfaction (higher than 4 on the 5-point scales) indicated by the survey respondents. Therefore this card news is expected to help increase milk intake through friendly milk education for the elderly.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1311-1327
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• 2010

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between depression and subjective/objective health status, and to examine predicting factors on depression in the elderly in Korea. This study was a secondary analysis using the data of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(VI-1) 2007. A total of 939 data from the subjects ≥60 years who completed health-related survey were used for analysis. Data were analyzed using SAS (version 9.1) PC program. Depression was identified in the 20.3% of the older subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=2.04), senior high school graduation (OR=0.27) and lowermiddle household income (OR=2.83) were significant associating factors(p<0.05). After adjustment for socio-demographic factors, hypertension (OR=1.93) and asthma (OR=3.32) as objective health status, and stress (OR=7.27), limited activity in daily living due to fracture or joint injury (OR=6.59) and poor self-rate health (OR=1.64) as subjective health status were found as factors predicting depression in the elderly(p<0.05). According to the type of health status, the subjects who had chronic disease or perceived poor physical health were 5.94 times more likely to have disposition to depression than the subjects who had no chronic disease or perceived good physical health (p=0.001). These findings suggest that preventive education and intervention focus on preventing and managing chronic diseases such as hypertension, asthma, fracture and joint injury should be needed to decrease depression in the elderly.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.305-314
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of health behavioral factors such as general characteristics, lifestyle and disease characteristics on depression in patients with chronic diseases. To this end, among 7,359 people who participated in the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted from 2019 to 2020, chi-square test analysis between health behavior factors and depression for 1980 people aged 19 years or older with chronic diseases and no missing values in the basic survey items was performed. After that, binary logistic regression analysis was performed with the factors that were significant as independent variables. As a result of the analysis, depression was 1.49 times higher in women than men (CI: 1.086~2.044), and was 1.828 higher in smokers than in non-smokers (CI: 1.285~2.561). And the higher the income level, the lower the depression. In particular, the odds ratio was 28.034 (CI: 13.132~59.849) in 'not stressful' versus 'very stressed', which had the greatest effect when the intensity of stress was very high. And the influence of subjective health cognition and sleeping hours was also relatively high. This study is meaningful in that it identified the priority of health behavior factors that should be practiced to improve depression in patients with chronic diseases. And since the number of comorbidity was not significant in the occurrence of depression, it would be necessary to identify the extent to which each type of chronic disease affects depression and to suggest policy alternatives tailored to each patient group.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate animal welfare approved farms in three housing systems (open, windowless, and free-range). The survey was conducted in 25 animal welfare approved farms, and 10 farms were surveyed for distribution status. The main breed in all animal welfare approved farms of laying hens was Hy-Line Brown variety. In the case of open house, laying hens were bred in traditional and panel houses simultaneously; however, the ratio of panel house was 58.3%, which was higher than that of the traditional house. All the windowless houses were made of panels and more than 15,000 laying hens were housed in a single windowless house. In the case of free-range house, it was maintained on a small scale of less than 12,000 birds. Fifty-six percent of the surveyed farms were breeding at $7{\sim}8birds/m^2$. In terms of male and female ratios, most farms maintained 1 male:15 females, but there was a farmhouse that switched 17 or 20 females to 1 male. The daily dietary allowance was 110~170 g, and 32% of the surveyed farms provided feed of more than 150 g/day, which showed that forage feed was important. The age of at the first egg was 123 days, 122 days, and 120 days, and the peak percent was 91.8%, 94.9%, and 86.5% in open, windowless and free-range houses, respectively. The average egg production rate was 74.0%, 84.6%, and 72.7% in open, windowless, and free-range houses respectively, thus, there was no correlation between feed intake and hen-housed eggs. Distribution of welfare certified eggs was mainly a direct deal with the consumer or through contract production. The ratio of direct transactions between large-scale marts and eco-friendly specialty stores of welfare approved eggs was higher than that of conventional eggs. The rate of contract sales of eggs in both the barn and free-range systems was high, and the percentage of courier sales farms was also high. Excluding courier services, price of eggs in the barn system rose to more than 30 won/egg in the second half of 2017 (after AI). Price of eggs in the free-range system rose to more than 50 won/egg in the second half of 2017 (after AI). In the case of courier sales, the same price of 500 won was maintained before and after AI. In conclusion, the results of this study can be used as basic data for improving the animal welfare certification system for laying hens in Korea.

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of health behaviors of male workers without diabetes such as smoking, drinking and physical activities on HbA1c using 2015 and 2016 data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: The final study subjects of KNHANES were a total of 1,703 male workers in their 30s-50s who had normal levels of fasting blood sugar level, HbA1c, and hemoglobin. For the study variables, age, household income, educational level and occupation were included as socio-demographic characteristics; smoking behavior, drinking behavior, and physical activity behavior as characteristics of health behavior; and waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol as medical examination characteristics were included. The analysis was conducted using independent variables t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: Socio-demographic factors that affect HbA1c were age, educational level, and occupation. As for HbA1c according to the status of current smoking, it was higher in order of the present, past and nonsmoking and HbA1c according to smoking amount pack-year increased linearly in between less than 1 pack-year and over 30 pack-year (p<0.001). Muscular exercises affected the reduction of HbA1c (p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis with independent variables of the socio-demographic characteristics and health behavior, factors affecting HbA1c were age, occupation and smoking amount pack-year (p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis where the characteristics of physical examination were added, factors affecting HbA1c were age, occupation, smoking amount pack-year, waist circumference and total cholesterol (p<0.001). Conclusions: As a result, the health behavior that had the most effect on HbA1c management for male workers without diabetes was the total lifetime smoking amount. Therefore, it is essential to prevent smoking as well as control, cholesterol to prevent diabetes for male workers.