• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.157-185
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• 2014

The Kyoto Protocol has extended its life until 2020 by the decision at COP18 in Doha, Qatar in 2012. So has the Kyoto Mechanism of CDM, JI, and ETS. Nonetheless, the sustainability of CDM projects is jeopardized by the recent rule changes in the international emissions trade market such as EU ETS and the price decrease in emission credits. In particular, the domestic CDM projects reducing non-$CO_2$ GHG emissions are being directly affected. This study examines the trend of carbon credit price change in the international market. It also examines how the rule changes in the international emissions trade market have affected domestic non-$CO_2$ CDM projects through which mechanisms. The policy implications drawn from this study is two-fold: it suggests how the government can assist the project developers in utilizing GHG emission reduction technologies and the market in promoting investment environment before the domestic ETS enters into effect in 2015; apart from possible measures within ETS, an additional measures such as bilateral carbon offset system is suggested to help the private sector reduce uncertainty in investment and increase options to choose.

• Clean Technology
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• v.13 no.1 s.36
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• pp.64-71
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• 2007

The selection of a suitable adsorbent for removing organic sulfur compounds tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and t-butylmercaptan (TBM) from natural gas has been carried out. The saturation adsorption capacity for the sulfur compounds were determined by pulse adsorption method for a group of nanoporous materials, including Na-Y, Na-ZSM-5, Na,K-ET(A)S-10, Na-Mordenite, Na,K-Clinoptitolite, Ti/MCM-41, Ti/SBA-15 and amorphous titanosilicates. Among the materials tested, Na-Y and Na,K-ET(A)S-10 zeolites showed high adsorptive capacities for THT and TBM. The saturation capacity for THT on Na,K-ETS-10 was comparable with that on Na-Y zeolite, which is well known as an effective adsorbent. The capacity and adsorptivity for THT and TBM on Na,K-ETAS-10 were improved by an increase in crystallinity of Na,K-ETAS-10. An investigation of the competitive adsorption between THT and TBM from the breakthrough test using a simulated natural gas indicates that Na,K-ETS-10 selectively adsorbs THT. The breakthrough capacity for THT on Na,K-ETS-10 was 1.19 mmol/g. The results show that the high adsorption performance of Na.K-ETS-10 and Na,K-ETAS-10 is due to the highly exchanged cations in the zeolitic structure which exhibit the strong electrostatic interactions with organic sulfur compounds and their wide pore nature.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.385-413
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• 2019

This study examines the determinants of net export of electricity among 30 European countries sharing electricity grid during the period of 1990~2014 by separating the sample period before and after 2005 in which ETS was introduced in Europe. The empirical method used in this study is generalize least squared one considering both heterogeneous and serial correlation in the balanced panel data. According to the empirical results, after 2005 introducing the ETS, holing energy resources, concentrating only on few electricity generation resources, and nuclear electricity generation had played more important role in net export of electricity, while renewable energy had negative effect on net export of electricity and coal and gas generation have no effect on net export after introduction of ETS in Europe probably because of high environmental cost. The policy implication of the results would be that reconsidering each country's optimal generation mix strategy and its role in case freely trading electricity.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-135
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• 2016

Korean Emission Trading Scheme entered into force on 1 January 2015. As other Emission Trading Systems, Korean Emission Trading System also have some deficiencies to be complemented and improved. Thus, the issues that are related to legal characteristics of emission allowance and its status as a financial instrument, terminology, requisites for the designation of the business entities eligible for allocation, banking and borrowing, and the non-permanence problems in the forestry offset mechanism are reviewed and the directions of the improvement are presented. The review of the Korean Emission Trading Scheme and its relevant act and the presidential decree at its early stage may be helpful for the Korean ETS to be firmly settled and to operate properly.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the climatic water balance of the Korean peninsula using meteorological data and the evapotranspiration (ET) derived from NOAA/AVHRR, Quantifying water balance components is important to understand the basic hydrology, In this study, a simple method to estimate actual ET was proposed based on a regression approach between NDVI and Morton's actual ET using NOAA/AVHRR data, The Mortons actual ET for land surface conditions was evaluated using a daily meteorological data from 77 weather stations, and the monthly averaged Morton's ETs for each land cover was compared with the monthly NDVIs during the year 2001. According to the climatic water balance analysis, water deficit and surplus distributed maps were created from spatial rainfall, soil moisture, and actual and potential ETs map, The results clearly showed that the temporal and spatial characteristics of dryness and wetness may be detected and mapped based on the wetness index.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.299-308
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate cadmium concentrations among metals in ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke) of indoor environments and to evaluate the cadmium as a marker of ETS. The correlations of cadmium concentrations and nicotine, 3-EP, RSP, SD (Smoking Density), and SI (Smoking Index). Air samples of metals, nicotine, 3-EP, and RSP were taken in smoking room, smoking allowed office, corridor outside smoking room, and non-smoking office respectively. The SD, ACH, and SI were investigated during sampling. Airborne concentration of cadmium known as human carcinogen were qualified and quantified. The SD was 0.2 to $2.6cig/m^2{\cdot}hr$, and the mean value of SD in smoking rooms was $1.2cig/m^2{\cdot}hr$ that is higher than other researches. The mean of ACH in smoking rooms was 11.1. The concentrations of cadmium showed log-normal distributions and the geometric mean concentrations of cadmium in smoking rooms, corridor outside smoking rooms, smoking allowed offices, and non-smoking offices were $0.045{\mu}g/m^3$, $0.018{\mu}g/m^3$, $0.021{\mu}g/m^3$, and $0.017{\mu}g/m^3$ respectively. The concentrations of cadmium in smoking room showed significant difference according to category of indoor office environments (p<0.05) and showed compliance with occupational exposure limits. The correlation coefficients between cadmium and nicotine, 3-EP, and RSP were 0.53, 0.41, 0.43 respectively. The cadmium among metals showed the highest correlations (r=0.63) with SI. It was recommended cadmium among metals is a good indicator for ETS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.20-20
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• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2003

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1496-1511
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.371-372
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• 2005

Active sampler has been widely used to measure nicotine concentration in air. The experiments were conducted to compare the active sampler method with diffusive sampler in exposure chamber and smoking areas, respectively. The result of these tests that indicated that passive sampler can be used instead of active sampler in ETS, because coefficient of determination was 0.9292 between active and passive sampling in smoking area