• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Purpose - This study aims to analyze 7-Eleven's specific competitive advantage strategy according to changes in the Japanese convenience store industry by selecting 7-Eleven, a leading company in the Japanese convenience store industry, as a representative case study. Research design, data, and methodology - Due to the current COVID-19 situation, fact-finding such as interviews with key managers through visiting surveys was not possible, so this case study was carried out based on the literature such as official and unofficial data collected from the companies through e-mail and articles that have been published outside. Result - As a result of the analysis, the researcher found that five competing strategy factors, such as dominant strategy, innovative logistics system strategy, information system development strategy, joint product development strategy, and direct communication strategy have closely maintained the mutual relation to form a combined strategy focusing on the franchise development strategy. Conclusion - The competitive advantage of 7-Eleven is thought to have secured its competitive advantage by combining the five competitive strategies complementarily for rapid response to change, cost advantage, and differentiated advantage. The management implications specified in this study can be considered a reference for establishing a competitive strategy for sustainable growth of the convenience store industry in the fierce competition and saturated market environment of Korean convenience stores.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.521-533
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• 2022

Using Bernd H. Schmitt's experiential modules, this study investigated the effect of shopping value on recognizing the importance of customer experience. A survey was conducted with 400 adults aged in their 20s to 50s. To analyze the data, factor analysis, a reliability test, cluster analysis, and ANOVA were conducted. The results were as follows. First, the shopping values exhibited by sportswear consumers were a utilitarian shopping value and a hedonic shopping value. Through these, consumers were classified into four groups: a shopping value-oriented group, a utilitarian shopping value group, a shopping value-unconcern group, and a hedonic shopping value group. Second, the customer experience consisted of five factors: sensory experience, emotional experience, cognitive experience, behavioral experience, and relational experience. Third, a significant difference was observed in customers' perceived experiences according to shopping value type. In the shopping value-oriented group, all customer experiences were generally considered important, followed by the hedonic shopping value group and the shopping value-unconcern group, with the utilitarian shopping value group least likely to perceive customer experiences as important. In addition, cognitive and emotional experiences were rated highest among the five experiences, indicating that these were the most important store experiences among the various customer experience components.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-57
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to research how the different types of experiences affect consumer's recognition in terms of luxury vintage fashion products, and what kinds of value consumer can achieve. Design/methodology/approach - The study is based on the means-end chain (MEC) approach for an in-depth understanding of consumers' recognition systems through conducting the laddering interview technique. Above all, the research conducted a pilot test to gain attributes of consumer experiences about luxury vintage fashion products from Korean and Taiwanese. Findings - It is found that not only by actual purchase, experience without purchasing also can lead to consumers' self-fulfilment and self-accomplishment, which filled the lack of relevant literature in the luxury vintage industry. In addition, the study sorted out the channels that consumers approach LVF products, which provide a classification reference for future research related to the luxury vintage consumer. Research implications or originality - As consumers can gain a lot kind of value through LVF products, luxury brands can attract consumers by using vintage as a market strategy. For luxury marketers, by running LVF shopping mall online or opening LVF stores, not only allow consumers' attach with LVF products but also can further lead to the purchase behaviors. In addition, consumers who are interested in LVF are those who are aware of the authenticity, uniqueness, and rarity of the brand. Due the fact, these consumers may be interested in the topic of sustainability.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2002

According to food poisoning statistic data of 2000, the food poisoning outbreaks have occurred mainly by meat (27.9%), shellfish and its processed products (26.0%), and ready-to eat meals (24.0%) such as Kimbap and packed lunch boxes. The major causative flood poisoning bacteria were Salmonella spp. (35.6%), Staphylococcus aureus(11.3%) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (3.2%). In this study, we conducted the isolation and enumeration for S. aureus in Kimbap. This monitoring data will be applied to the following study, risk assessment. The Kimbap samples were collected from department stores, convenient stores and snack bars located in Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, and Gwangju. The overall isolation rate of S. aureus from 214 Kimbap samples was 34.1% and the average count was 623 cells. Enterotoxin typing test for isolates showed 42.5%, 4.1% and 2.7% for type, A, B and C, respectively. There was no significant seasonal difference in S. aureus isolation, but the average count in summer(793 cfu/g) was 1.8 times higher than that of winter(446 cfu/g).

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-166
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate what influence the external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products such as reliability, safety, effectiveness and innovation have on ease and usefulness, perceived value and behavioral intention. An empirical analysis were conducted to the general consumers over the age of 20 years who live in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas having experience of buying eco-friendly agricultural products in department stores, supermarkets and eco-friendly agricultural product specialty stores from November 10 to November 23, 2012, A total of 350 copies of questionnaire were distributed for this research and, excluding partial ones that were too concentrated on one side or found missing values, a total of 305 copies(87.1%) were used as the final statistical analysis data. The result shows that such external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products as liability, safety, effectiveness and innovation are useful enough as a theoretical basis for later study on RFID systems for eco-friendly agricultural products. Also, it reveals that, since all the process from production to sale of agricultural products can be seen, the products are provided safely for consumers, are objectively and rapidly investigated when problems occur, induce a positive attitude with their historical information, and are supplied through systematic management such as consumers' rights to know and choose and recall of unfit products.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.261-276
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• 2020

This study seeks to find an effective support plan through the success factors recognized in the early stages of startup and those recognized after success by grasping the success factors of successful small business entrepreneurs at each stage from the pre-start stage to the growth stage. To this end, a qualitative study through interviews was conducted with successful convenience store franchisees to derive success factors from the start-up preparation stage to the early stage and growth stage. The success factors of starting a small business were studied in consideration of the characteristics of franchise convenience store startups using the ERI model and the ERIS model applied in the study on the performance of startups. The success factors were studied using the multisite service firm life cycle of Sasser et al.(1978) reflecting the results. As a result of the study, the key factors of successful franchisees were the selection of the location of the first store, the selection of strategic additional stores, and the successful renewal of the contract. Depending on the characteristics of the founder, the enterprising franchisees took an active attitude in selecting strategic locations for additional stores and defending the commercial district, while the relatively conservative franchisees showed an active attitude toward store operation and renewal from a management perspective. In particular, the entrepreneur's mind is important in the preparation stage, and the importance of the entrepreneur's management strategy was discovered in the entire business cycle. Based on the results of this study, this study specifically sought out a start-up plan to effectively apply it to the future growth stage.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2009

We investigated the consumption inclinations of consumers for environmentally-friendly agricultural products (EFAP) for better production and distribution of EFAP. Consumer inclinations in large supermarkets from April 7th to 30th, 2008 were surveyed. Data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN 12.0 program. Results showed that 90.4% of consumers recognized EFAP and 76.4% of those who recognized the products had actually bought the products. Members of the "have purchased group" bought EFAP once a week because they believed these products were safe from hazards, such as pesticide. The amount spent on EFAP was less than 20% of the total food budget and the major consumed items were green vegetables and fruits. The sale location was mainly large supermarkets and agricultural cooperation outlets. Although many people were satisfied with EFAP from the viewpoint of nutritional and sensory qualities and safety compared with general agricultural products, they were notsatisfied with the price. Many consumers trusted that EFAP were safe and nutritional. Members of the "not purchased group" also trusted the nutritional and sensory qualities of EFAP and recognized the safety issue, but they were not satisfied with the price, compared with general agricultural products. Consequently, to succeed in the market, EFAP should maintain the confidence of the consumer while decreasing in price.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.197-210
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine a moderating effect of consumers'need for uniqueness and a store type in the relation between golf apparel consumers'shopping values and store loyalty. A total of 229 shoppers visiting golf shops at two department stores and four discount stores in Seoul was conveniently selected and responded to the survey questionnaire. Data analyses were conducted including frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and moderated multiple analysis with PASW 18.0. The results of this study indicated that (1) both utilitarian shopping value and hedonic shopping value affected store loyalty, (2) the impact of both shopping values on store loyalty was moderated by consumers' need for uniqueness, and (3) the impact of hedonic shopping value on store loyalty was moderated in terms of the store type, whereas the effect of utilitarian value on store loyalty was not moderated with the store type. Additional implications and directions for future research opportunities were discussed and suggested.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.2 s.26
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• pp.242-247
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to find a better evaluation methody by comparison and analysis of the subdivision-score for preventive medicine with other subjects and the total score. Among the 475 students who were second grade in 1983, 1984 and 1985, we analyzed the stores for all subjects at Yonsei University College of Medicine obtained by 443 students, with the exception of 32 students who had had a temporary absence from school, failed or had been expelled. And we analyzed the score for preventive medicine of 162 students who were second grade in 1987 and 179 students who were second grade in 1988. Statistical analysis of the above data was done using the correlation analysis, chi-square test and discriminating index. The results were as fellows: 1. The correlations of the subdivision of preventive medicine in 1984, 1987 and 1988 were statisticall significantly high(r=0.36-0.56). 2. The grades obtained for preventive medicine and for other subjects except pediatrics (clerkship) were not independent. 3. The discriminating indices that determined whether or not a pertinent evaluation was made were 0.42 in 1983, 0.52 in 1984 and 0.54 in 1985. These results were classified as excellent. These results suggest that the score of a subject is determined not by the characteristics of the subject, but by the amount of personal study.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-77
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• 2008

This study proposes new fashion brand evaluation criteria. In developing the criteria, we emphasize the following considerations: first, the object of the evaluation should be the brand rather than the products or store second, the "new" brand should be the "new" brand from the consumer's perspective finally, only fashion brands available in department store are included to examine the relationship between evaluation criteria and consumers' relationship quality perception with a department store. Our data analysis of an online survey panel sample of 537 female consumers produced six new fashion brand evaluation criteria: merchandise power, in-store communication, brand/company image, salesperson, VMD, and assortment variety. New fashion brand evaluation criteria factors include both brand attributes and store attributes. Brand-related evaluation criteria are merchandise power, assortment variety, and brand/company images, whereas store-related criteria are VMD, salesperson, and in-store communication. The associations among brand evaluation criteria, brand attitudes, and the consumers' relationship quality with department store were tested by regression analysis.