• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2007

New retailers, especially giant retailers, so called "mart" or "discounter" which introduced around 1996, when Korea's domestic retail market was opened to the world, have brought big transitions. Consequently, new comers like discounters and CVS drove out department stores, mom & pops and traditional retailers. Literatures showed two reverse opinions for the giant retailers; rising consumers' benefit, or dropping small retailers' businesses. This study have conducted to find the situation of market concentration in retail market, and to learn the new market condition in it. According to the study, in 2005, CR3's of Korea's whole retail industry was counted 12.8%, and CR5 of that was 13.9%. CR3 of discount store business was 39%, department stores' 55%, and TV home shopping businesses' was 75%. In addition to those results, indices growing worse. So, we can say this industry already get into the oligopolistic industrial organization. Generally, under monopolistic or oligopolistic market structure, consumers' benefit may shrink and businesses' surplus profit may jump. So, it means, it's good time to turn government's policy for the retail industry in Korea to fair competition policy instead of development policy.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.63-67
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• 2017

With the rise of China, the power and hegemony is moving to China in East Asia. The foreign policy of the China government is directly or indirectly affecting Korea, neighboring countries and the world. China is advocating a new international policy, a new security system, silk road policy and a new paradigm. China is a newly emerging powerful nation in Asia, and it is clear that China has the economic power to reestablish the Asian order and take over the hegemony. In addition, we want to run the world supremacy with the United States in political, economic, military and diplomatic sectors. In order to overcome the crisis of the Korean peninsula, which is being triggered by North Korea's nuclear and missile development, we are in the position to do our best to cooperate with Korea, the United States and Japan and further improve relations with China. In this study, I analyzed the policy of Southeast Asia and China macroscopically.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.677-679
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• 2004

Although Jeju is an island, its electricity demand is 430MW. It indicates electricity demand and its growth rate in Jeju are higher than mainland average. The supply of electricity in Jeju consists of power plants within the island and connection of main system using cable line. The cost of supply is higher than mainland system. However the electricity rate and DSM incentives were treated equally with mainland. Therefore, Effective DSM promotion has not been carried out. This paper analyzes the policy alternatives of supply in Jeju and presents effective DSM countermeasures. Also it presents long-term policy on stabilization of supply and demand in Jeju.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.553-581
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• 2014

This paper analyzes competition among service stations in the Korean gasoline market. We consider spatial differentiation as a source of product differentiation as well as the characteristics of the stations and vertical contracts between refiners and retailers as factors causing changes in equilibrium prices in the Korean gasoline retail market. The effect of the government's price disclosure policy on the retail market competition is also analyzed. Moran's I test indicates that the prices of neighboring gas stations are spatially correlated in the market. It is also found that gasoline prices for vertically integrated stations are much lower than those for independent stations. In addition, unbranded stations charge lower prices than branded stations but also induce branded stations to price more competitively. Meanwhile, the government's price disclosure policy did intensify price competition in the retail gasoline market. It is inferred that the price disclosure policy contributed to retailers gaining more bargain power in price negotiation with refiners, causing an eventual increase in retail prices.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-49
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• 2018

Public Diplomacy (PD) is the third pillar of South Korean foreign policy. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, PD aims to attract foreign audiences by means of art, knowledge transmission, media, language and foreign aid. When it comes to the Korean language, its global profile has seen an especially marked increase in recent years (Kim, 2009). Thus, this paper's objective is to explain the relevance of the Korean language in the generation of South Korea's soft power. I draw from $C{\acute{e}}sar$ Villanueva's reflections in order to problematize how language promotion can be translated into soft power at five different levels: the empathetic, the sympathetic, the geopolitical, the diplomatic and the utilitarian. I observe that in the case of the Korean language in Mexico City, soft power has the potential to be generated on three levels: it helps to increase knowledge of Korean culture (empathetic); it exercises symbolic persuasion (geopolitical), since the products of cultural industries are mostly in Korean; and it is used as a tool for economic transactions in Mexico City (utilitarian).

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.6_1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2014

Even though the historical changes of the Cold War, they does not release the Cold War structure in Korean peninsula. And continues North Korea's provocations against South Korea. A factor of instability in Northeast Asia is the causing catastrophic inter-Korean relations and North Korea's Yeonpyeong shelling and provocation of the Cheonan battleship sinking by an explosion. These behaviors have been committed by among the North Korea military. North Korea's provocations made by a complex decision-making system in the United States and North Korea and South Korea. North Korea's aggressive military actions are conducted under the North Korean political system of strategies unification of the Korean peninsula. It has a duality of continuity and change, depending on the situation of a foreign policy in North Korea. If North Korea want maintain structure of their country, they should change the national policy and strategy, tactics and the military action type. North Korea should be a member of international community. As one of the country in the world, North Korea create economic power, nuclear tensions break, and participate in the international community for the peace.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.273-285
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• 2006

As the political arguments on international power concept has gradually been deepened, the role of international regimes, defined as principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures around which nation-actors' expectations converge in a given issue-area, has also been reinforced. There are many ways of understanding about international regimes. In terms of realistic theories, international regimes are one of methods of maintaining hegemonic power order of hegemonic nation and in terms of liberalistic theories, international regimes are understood as the products of mutual inter-dependence of nations in changing international society. As a matter of fact, if we take structural causes and regime consequences into severe consideration, we can find not a few characteristics of international regimes, such as security regime, world trade and fiance regime, ocean regime, environmental regime, human right regime, etc. This paper will examine the changing concept of power after World War II in three categories of hard power (military power), meta power (regime creating power), and soft power (advanced in cultural, diplomatical, and technological power). This paper will provide the evidence of why the changing power concepts will be strongly related with the emergence of international regimes. The UN convention on the law of the sea will chosen as a standard case of the ocean regime and it's regime structure and role will also be analysed in both realistic :md liberalistic theories. Futhermore, the nations' interests involved in the UN convention on the law of the sea will be analytically classified and finally a future prospectus of the UN convention on the law of the sea as an ocean regime will be tested.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.941-949
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• 2012

The various plants including power plants have been increased near downtown in accordance with the policy objective of rising the power feed rate and development projects. As a result of these various plants near residential area, noise damage complaints has been raised very often. The power plant is included with the range of environmental impact assessment project. Nevertheless, environmental noise issues regarding construction of these power plants have arisen. Accordingly it is time to consider the environmental and social issues of plants noise in accordance with the government's policy objectives of increased power production. In this study, we reviewed the current noise impact assessment and we also sought solutions to these issues. In order to minimize the problem of noise impact on neighborhood and residents, we intended to propose alternative method of 3D simulation in dealing with these issues.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.309-321
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• 2009

This study examines trends of children's play in Korea, and academic, pragmatic, and policy issues related to it. For the purpose, the researchers reviewed play theories, national and international views of play specialists, and research articles on children's play in selected academic journals published in Korea for the last 30 years. Although Korea has been active academically as well as politically in recognizing the importance of children's play, children's play in Korea seems to have lost its position, the true value of it being often distorted or unidentified. Many specialists worn that the deprivation of play opportunities increasing in modern societies will result in many serious problems. Play research therefore need to strengthen its power by being more accountable and broadening its foci toward solving such predictable problems.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2017

The financial industry recently introduces several issues for utilizing the blockchain technology as the core infrastructure of future finance. Blockchain, first introduced as the underlying technology of Crypto-currencies, Bitcoin is a technology that can ensure the integrity and reliability of data by verifying, recording, and storing data jointly in the network without a central administration organization or a manager. This blockchain has its potential power as a technology for issuing digital currencies, providing transparency, and securing record management, that is expected to be useful in the financial sector. At the same time, considering the characteristics of financial transactions which emphasize privacy, questions are raised about whether a blockchain structure in which information is distributed and shared among participants can be successful. How will we support to implement the potential of the blockchain in order to change the paradigm of the financial industry? How can we manage the side effects of blockchain effectively? Such a policy discussion is necessary. This study introduces the meaning of the blockchain technology, various utilization attempts, and possible problems facing technology from the viewpoint of financial industry, and suggests a policy direction for utilizing this technology as a catalyst to the progress of the financial industry or as a new technology power.