• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2009

Mass mortality was occurred in adult koi carp(Cyprinus carpio) at a private pond near Samchunpo city in the early November, 2007. Its water temperature was $11^{\circ}C$ and turbidity was very high. The fishes diseased were shown widely distributed hemorrhages, deep ulcerations on the whole body surface and severe erosions in the all fins. In necropsy, excess ascitic fluid was observed and spleen and kidney affected were enlarged. In microscopic observation, it was examined widely distributed severe dermal ulceration, multifocal gill lamella hyperplasia, severe fibrinous pericarditis, multifocal nephritis and hepatitis. The bacteria suspected were isolated using tryptone soya agar and identified as motile Aeromonas hydrophila as results of biochemical tests using API 20E and 20NE. According to previous reports, A. hydrophila infection were mainly occurred in fingerling at high temperature. However, this case exhibited that A. hydrophila infection can develop on adult koi carp even in the winter season.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the myxosporidian parasites from several organs of freshwater fishes caught from Dongjin River, Jeonbuk Province of Korea. Twelve myxosporidian species were dectected from five fish species out of sixteen fish species. From the gall bladder of Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis, Zschokkella opiocephali was found; from the skin, gall bladder, liver and spleen of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, Zschokkella opiocephali and Myxobolus cheisini were found; from the gill, skin, gall bladder and kidney of Carassius carassius, Zschokkella ctenopharyngodonis, Chloromyxum koi, Sphaerospora sinensis, Myxosoma abbottinae, Myxobolus koi and Myxobolus suturalis were found; from the kindney of Misgumus anguillicaudatus, Myxidium lieberkuhni, Neomyxobolus ophicephali and Telohanellus misgurni were found; from the gill of Cyprinus carpio, Myxosoma abbottinae and Myxobolus dispar were found. All these parasitized fishes didn't show any specific symptom.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.437-446
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• 2023

Cyprinids are popular species for aquaculture worldwide, with Asia being a significant contributor to their production. In Korea, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), koi carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), and goldfish (Carassius auratus) are cultivated domestically and imported for ornamental or human consumption purposes. Among the viruses that infect cyprinids, cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2), koi herpesvirus (KHV, also known as cyprinid herpesvirus-3), and carp edema virus (CEV) are of particular concern as they cause substantial economic losses to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated these viruses in both of domestic and imported cyprinids. Our results revealed that CyHV-2 was only detected in imported goldfish from Thailand. To further investigate the genetic characteristics of them, the marker A region was analyzed. Despite belonging to the same cluster with isolates from China, France, Poland, and Israel, CyHV-2 detected in this study showed distinct differences in their repetitive sequence sizes. Furthermore, two different forms of KHV/CEV coinfection were identified from domestic koi carp, both of which exhibited typical symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis showed that one KHV isolate (ScKc-2105-K) was of the Asian type and closely related to isolates from Japan, Indonesia, Belgium, Taiwan, and China. Two CEV isolates (ScKc-2105-CE and GhKc-2207-CE) be- longed to the IIa type and showed high similarity with isolates from the USA, France, and Korea. Notably, koi carp injected with cultured KHV (ScKc-2105-K) showed 78.0% cumulative mortality within 14 days post-injection (dpi). Our findings support the importance of regular surveillance of viral diseases in cyprinids.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.790-795
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• 2014

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carotenoids sources on growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi. Nine experimental diets (designated as Con, CP, PA, SP, OP, MB, TO, BE and PO) were formulated to contain Carophyll Pink, red paprika, Spirulina, Opuntia, mandarin bark, tomato, beet and Porphyra, respectively. Each experimental diet was fed to two replicate groups of fish (22.9 g/fish) to visual satiation three times a day for 8 weeks. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed the diets containing Spirulina or Opuntia were higher than those of fish fed the control diet (P<0.05). The values of $a^*$, $L^*$ and $b^*$ of fish skin were significantly changed by dietary carotenoids sources (P<0.05). The $a^*$ values of fish fed the diets containing Carophyll Pink, red paprika and Spirulina were higher than those of fish fed other diets (P<0.05). The skin total carotenoids of fish fed the diets containing Spirulina and Opuntia were higher than those of others (P>0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that dietary inclusion of red paprika and Spirulina pacifica could increase the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.414-421
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Spirulina level in the diet on growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi at different feeding periods. Five experimental diets (designated as Con, S5, S9, S13 and S17) were prepared to contain 0, 5, 9, 13 and 17% Spirulina. Each experimental diet was fed to two replicate groups of fish (6.6 g/fish) to visual satiation three times a day for 12 weeks. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish were not affected by dietary Spirulina level. The values of redness ($a^*$), lightness ($L^*$) and yellowness ($b^*$) of the fish skin were influenced by dietary Spirulina level at different feeding period. The $L^*$ value of skin in the fish fed S9, S13 and S17 diets tended to decrease with feeding period. The skin $a^*$ value of the fish increased significantly with feeding period and dietary Spirulina level. The skin $a^*$ value of the fish fed the diets containing 5-17% Spirulina was higher than that of fish fed control diet at 6 and 12 weeks of feeding. The skin $a^*$ value and total carotenoids of the fish fed the S17 diet was the highest among groups. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that dietary inclusion of Spirulina powder could increase the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2010

국내 양식잉어는 1998년부터 잉어바이러스성 질병으로 인해 대량 폐사되었다. 본 연구에서는 잉어바이러스성 질병과 KHV병과의 연관성을 조사하기 위하여 잉어바이러스성 질병으로 대량 폐사된 잉어를 대상으로 병리조직학적 검사를 실시하여 병리적 병변을 비교하였다. 병리조직학적 검사 결과, 괴사병소와 공포성 세포를 특징으로 하는 특이 병변이 신장, 비장, 간, 췌장, 심장 및 소화관에서 관찰되어 전신성 병변을 보였으나, KHV병의 특이적 병변인 호산성 핵내 봉입체를 가진 세포들은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 국내에서 발생하는 잉어바이러스성 질병은 KHV병과는 다른 새로운 바이러스성 질병으로 사료되었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2014

The Kenyan aquaculture sector is broadly categorized into freshwater aquaculture and mariculture. Whereas freshwater aquaculture has recorded significant progress over the last decade, the mariculture sector has yet to be fully exploited. The Kenyan aquaculture industry has seen slow growth for decades until recently, when the government-funded Economic Stimulus Program increased fish farming nationwide. Thus far, the program has facilitated the alleviation of poverty, spurred regional development, and led to increased commercial thinking among Kenyan fish farmers. Indeed, national aquaculture production grew from 1,000 MT/y in 2000 (equivalent to 1% of national fish production) to 12,000 MT/y, representing 7% of the national harvest, in 2010. The production is projected to hit 20,000 MT/y, representing 10% of total production and valued at USD 22.5 million over the next 5 years. The dominant aquaculture systems in Kenya include earthen and lined ponds, dams, and tanks distributed across the country. The most commonly farmed fish species are Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, which accounts for about 75% of production, followed by African catfish Clarias gariepinus, which contributes about 21% of aquaculture production. Other species include common carp Cyprinus carpio, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, koi carp Cyprinus carpio carpio, and goldfish Carassius auratus. Recently, Kenyan researchers have begun culturing native fish species such as Labeo victorianus and Labeo cylindricus at the National Aquaculture Research Development and Training Centre in Sagana. Apart from limited knowledge of modern aquaculture technology, the Kenyan aquaculture sector still suffers from an inadequate supply of certified quality seed fish and feed, incomprehensive aquaculture policy, and low funding for research. Glaring opportunities in the Kenyan aquaculture industry include the production of live fish food, e.g., Artemia, daphnia and rotifers, marine fish and shellfish larviculture; seaweed farming; cage culture; integrated fish farming; culture of indigenous fish species; and investment in the fish feed industry.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.445-449
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• 2017

The prevalence of Centrocestus formosanus metacercariae was investigated in ornamental fish purchased from a pet shop in Chiang Mai, Thailand, including Carassius auratus (goldfish), Cyprinus carpio (Koi), Poecilia latipinna (Sailfin Molly), Danio rerio (Zebrafish), and Puntigrus tetrazona (Tiger barb). The parasite species was identified by the morphology of worms as well as by a molecular approach using ITS2. The results showed that 50 (33.3%) of 150 fish examined were infected with the metacercariae. The highest prevalence was found in C. auratus (83.3%), and the highest intensity was noted in C. carpio (70.8 metacercariae/fish). The most important morphological character was the presence of 32-34 circumoral spines on the oral sucker. The phylogenetic studies using the rRNA ITS2 region revealed that all the specimens of C. formosanus in this study were grouped together with C. formosanus in GenBank database. This is the first report on ornamental fish, C. carpio, P. latipinna, D. rerio, and P. tetrazona, taking the role of second intermediate hosts of C. formosanus in Thailand. Prevention and control of metacercarial infection in ornamental fish is urgently needed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2010

We investigated the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings in a feeding experiment. Triplicate groups of fish averaging 6.3 g were fed diets at four feeding frequencies (1, 2, 3, or 4 meals a day) and two satiation rates (satiation and 80% satiation) for 6 weeks. The survival of the fish was not affected by either the feeding frequency or the satiation rate. The weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio of fish were affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate, and increased significantly with both. The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio with satiation feeding of fish fed four meals a day did not differ from those of fish fed three meals a day. The daily feed intake was affected by the feeding frequency and satiation rate. The moisture, crude lipid, and ash contents of whole body were affected by the feeding frequency. Moisture and crude lipid contents were affected by feeding satiation. Based on these results, we conclude that the proper feeding frequency and satiation rate for the optimum growth of red- and white-colored carp fingerlings is four meals a day with satiation feeding.