• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.618-632
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• 2005

A framework for semantic annotation oi human motion sequences is proposed in this paper. Motion capture technology is widely used for manuiacturing animation since it produces high qualify character motion similar to the actual motion of the human body. However, motion capture has a significant weakness due to the lack of an industry wide standard for archiving and retrieving motion capture data. It is difficult for animators to retrieve the desired motion sequences from motion capture files as there is no semantic annotation on already captured motion data. Our goal is to improve the reusability of motion capture data. To archive our goal first, we propose a standard format for integrating different motion capture file formals. Our standard format is called MCML (Motion Capture Markup Language). It is a markup language based on XML (extensible Markup Language). The purpose of MCML is not only to facilitate the conversion or integration of different formats, but also to allow for greater reusability of motion capture data, through the construction of a motion database storing the MCML documents Second, we define motion ontologies that are used to annotate and semantically organize human motion sequences. This ontology-based approach provides the means for discovering and exploiting the information and knowledge surrounding motion capture data.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.423-431
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• 2016

In general LPR(License Plate Recognition) in outdoor image is not so simple differently from in the image captured from manmade environment, because of geometric shape distortion and large illumination changes. this paper proposes three techniques for LPR in outdoor images captured from CCTV. At first, a serially connected multi-stage Adaboost LP detector is proposed, in which different complementary features are used. In the proposed detector the performance is increased by the Haar-like Adaboost LP detector consecutively connected to the MB-LBP based one in serial manner. In addition the technique is proposed that makes image processing easy by the prior determination of LP type, after correction of geometric distortion of LP image. The technique is more efficient than the processing the whole LP image without knowledge of LP type in that we can take the appropriate color to gray conversion, accurate location for separation of text/numeric character sub-images, and proper parameter selection for image processing. In the proposed technique we use DBN(Deep Belief Network) to achieve a robust character recognition against stroke loss and geometric distortion like slant due to the incomplete image processing.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.254-279
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• 2016

Recently, with the conversion towards knowledge-based economy era, the importance of the evaluation for patent valuation has been growing rapidly because technology transactions are increasing with the purpose of practically utilizing R&D outcomes such as technology commercialization and technology transfer. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research on determinants of patent valuation by analyzing technology transactions due to the difficulty of collecting data in practice. Hence, to suggest quantitative determinants for the patent valuation which could be applied to scoring methods, 15 patent valuation models domestically and overseas are analysed in order to assure the objectiveness for subjective results from qualitative methods such as expert surveys, comparison assessment, etc. Through this analysis, the important 6 common determinants are drawn and patent information is matched which can be used as proxy variables of individual determinant factors by advanced researches. In addition, to validate whether the model proposed has a statistically meaningful effect, total 517 technology transactions are collected from both public and private technology transaction offices and analysed by multiple regression analysis, which led to significant patent determinant factors in deciding its value. As a result, it is herein presented that patent connectivity(number of literature cited) and commercialization stage in market influence significantly on patent valuation. The meaning of this study is in that it suggests the significant quantitative determinants of patent valuation based on the technology transactions data in practice, and if research results by industry are systematically verified through seamless collection of transaction data and their monitoring, we would propose the customized patent valuation model by industry which is applicable for both strategic planning of patent registration and achievement assessment of research projects (with representative patents).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.433-441
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• 2017

The 3D printing selective laser sintering (SLS) and stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) method used for bone model production has good precision and resolution, but the printers are expensive and need professional knowledge for operation. The program that converts computed tomography digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) file into STL (stereolithography) file is also expensive so requesting 3D printing companies takes a lot of time and cost, which is why they are not generally utilized in surgery. To produce bone models of fractured patients, the use of 3D imaging conversion program and 3D printing system should be convenient, and the cost of device and operation should be low. Besides, they should be able to produce big size bone models for application to surgery. Therefore, by using an fused deposition modeling (FDM) method 3D printer that uses thermoplastic materials such as DICOM Viewer OsiriX and plastic wires, this study developed 3D printing system for Fracture surgery Patients customized bone model production for many clinics to use for surgery of fracture patients by universalizing with no limit in printing sizes and low maintenance and production cost. It is expected to be widely applied to the overall areas of orthopedics' education, research and clinic. It is also expected to be conveniently used in not only university hospitals but also regular general hospitals.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2013

Designs of total elbow arthroplasty have been evolving with clinical experiences. Newer implants are expected to resolve current limitations and improve long term outcomes. This review article focuses on the basic knowledge of unlinked and convertible total elbow arthroplasty. There have been a variety of designs of unlinked total elbow prostheses. Some implants are still used in the market, while others are no longer commercially available. Modified and newer designs include more congruent contact surface, stemmed implant, and radiocapitellar arthroplasty. Two convertible elbow prostheses have been developed, and one implant is currently available in Korea. Conversion from an unlinked to a linked mode is performed by adding a linking cap. Unlinked total elbow arthroplasty, which restores native elbow kinematics, has a biomechanical rationale of lowering polyethylene wear and loosening of implants. It can be indicated in younger and higher demand patients, who have adequate bone stock and soft tissues. Convertible total elbow arthroplasty broadens implant selection and simplifies revision surgery. These newer prostheses possibly improve the long term outcomes and resolve disadvantages of linked prostheses in total elbow arthroplasty.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.45-74
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to promote the understanding of laboratory notebook's record characteristics through getting a line on the importance of the notebooks which have record, information, communication, and proof functions. To improve the research ethics and cultures, this study was examined and investigated by literature references and survey results. This study analyzed the status of the notebooks in part of laboratory information system of the R&D institutes, paper notebooks for laboratory records management, and the introduction of ELN for digital record. For the notebook's institutionalization, more review is needed to the possibility of involvement in the conflict, evidential requisite and signature by inspector, the limitation of autonomous policy for the notebook's operation, the difficulty of preservation for 30 years, the introduction of ELN and utilization for the notebooks. To improve management and institutionalization for the notebooks, it is needed to the notebook's record for knowledge management and evidential values, support and budget for the notebook's management department, researcher's recognition conversion for the notebooks related to the intellectual property and technology transference, the record method train for the notebooks from the university classes, and the introduction of ELN related to the laboratory information management system or project management system.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2015

The primary aim of this study was to investigate biosecurity practices in pig farms and to determine the major risk factors associated with PCV2 infection for a sampled swine population in Korea. To this end, we analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 296 farrow-to-finish farms, which was conducted between March and September 2014 to explore the prevalence of swine disease at farm level. Face-to-face interviews by on-site visit of trained veterinarians were conducted with the farm owners or managers using a standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices. Farms were classified as negative or positive through the use of infection profiles that combined data on serological testing including PCR antigen test result, antibody titer and sero-conversion pattern at each age category taking into account vaccination status. Data were analyzed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results from this study indicated that biosecurity level of the farms was considered not good given low compliance of the biosecurity programs and facilities in the farm: off-site removal of dead stocks (7%), off-site location of storage facility for incoming feeds (12.6%), off-site pick-up location for finishers (19.3%), restrictions on feed supplier vehicles for farm entrance (19.6%), restriction of finisher trucks entering the farm (22.4%), and restriction on manure disposal trucks entering the farm (26.4%). In the final model (n = 255), allowance of finisher truck driver to the pig unit had increased risk of infection (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.22-4.67) whereas farms with a sign forbidding the entrance had decreased risk of infection (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.10-0.58). Further comprehensive research with larger sample size is required to better understand the multifactorial characteristic that some predisposing risk factors that were not available in this study. To the best knowledge of the authors, this was the first study to use empirical data to report risk factors associated with PCV2 infection in the Korean pig farms. Results from the current study could be used to decide optimal biosecurity measures to reduce the impact of PCV2 infection to farmers and policy makers.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.25-40
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• 2019

Many companies are executing big data analysis and utilization projects to legitimize the development of new business areas or conversion of management or technical strategies. In Korea and abroad, however, such projects are failing because they are not completed within specified deadlines, which is not unrelated to the current situation in which the knowledge base for big data project risk management from an engineering perspective is grossly lacking. As such, the current study analyzes the risk factors of big data implementation and utilization projects, in addition to finding risk factors that are highly important. To achieve this end, the study extracts project risk factors via literature review, after which they are grouped using affinity methodology and sifted through expert surveys. The deduced risk factors are structuralize using factor analysis to develop a table that categorizes various types of big data project risk factors. The current study is significant that in it provides a basis for developing basic control indicators related to risk identification, risk assessment, and risk analysis. The findings from the study contribute greatly to the success of big data projects, by providing theoretical basis regarding efficient big data project risk management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2021

In the case of military supplies, any potential failure and causes of failures must be considered. This study is aimed at examining the failure modes of a rotorcraft landing system to identify the priority items. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is applied to the rotorcraft landing system. In general, the FMEA is used to evaluate the reliability in engineering fields. Three elements, specifically, the severity, occurrence, and detectability are used to evaluate the failure modes. The risk priority number (RPN) can be obtained by multiplying the scores or the risk levels pertaining to severity, occurrence, and detectability. In this study, different weights of the three elements are considered for the RPN assessment to implement the FMEA. Furthermore, the FMEA is implemented using a fuzzy rule base, similarity aggregation model (SAM), and grey theory model (GTM) to perform a comparative analysis. The same input data are used for all models to enable a fair comparison. The FMEA is applied to military supplies by considering methodological issues. In general, the fuzzy theory is based on a hypothesis regarding the likelihood of the conversion of the crisp value to the fuzzy input. Fuzzy FMEA is the basic method to obtain the fuzzy RPN. The three elements of the FMEA are used as five linguistic terms. The membership functions as triangular fuzzy sets are the simplest models defined by the three elements. In addition, a fuzzy set is described using a membership function mapping the elements to the intervals 0 and 1. The fuzzy rule base is designed to identify the failure modes according to the expert knowledge. The IF-THEN criterion of the fuzzy rule base is formulated to convert a fuzzy input into a fuzzy output. The total number of rules is 125 in the fuzzy rule base. The SAM expresses the judgment corresponding to the individual experiences of the experts performing FMEA as weights. Implementing the SAM is of significance when operating fuzzy sets regarding the expert opinion and can confirm the concurrence of expert opinion. The GTM can perform defuzzification to obtain a crisp value from a fuzzy membership function and determine the priorities by considering the degree of relation and the form of a matrix and weights for the severity, occurrence, and detectability. The proposed models prioritize the failure modes of the rotorcraft landing system. The conventional FMEA and fuzzy rule base can set the same priorities. SAM and GTM can set different priorities with objectivity through weight setting.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.471-480
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• 2022

This experiment was conducted to determine the maximum dietary energy levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of White Pekin duck. the Six dietary treatments were formulated based on their apparent metabolizable energy (AME) concentrations from 2,700 to 3,200 kcal/kg with a 100 kcal/kg gap to evaluate the accurate dietary AME requirement to address current knowledge and further issues for fulfilling the genetic potential of meat-type white Pekin ducklings. A total of 432 one-day-old male White Pekin ducklings were randomly allocated into one of six dietary treatments with six replicates (12 birds per pen). The diets were formulated as corn-soybean meal-based diets to meet or exceed the Nutrient Requirement of Poultry specification for meat-type ducks. Growth performance indices (i.e. average daily gain [ADG], average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio) were measured weekly. Medium body weight (BW) ducklings from each pen were sacrificed to analyze the carcass traits and abdominal fat content on day 21. Obtained data were analyzed to estimate significant effect using the one-way ANOVA of IBM SPSS Statistics (Version, 25). If the p-value of the results were significant, differences in means among treatments were separated by Tukey's post hoc test. Significant differences were then analyzed with a linear and quadratic broken model to estimate the accurate concentration of AME. Ducklings fed higher dietary AME diets increased (p < 0.05) BW, ADG. Ducklings fed higher AME than 2,900 kcal/kg diets increased abdominal fat accumulation and leg meat portion. The estimated requirement by linear plateau method showed from 3,000.00 kcal/kg to 3,173.03 kcal/kg whereas the requirement by quadratic plateau method indicated from 3,100.00 kcal/kg to 3,306.26 kcal/kg. Collectively, estimated dietary requirements exhibit diverse results based on the measured traits and analysis methods. All the estimated requirements in this experiment present higher than previous research, the maximum requirement for the next diet formulation should be selected by the purpose of the diet.