• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.31
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• pp.395-414
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• 2013

EPS-TOPIK is a test of Korean proficiency which is enforced at the level of Korean government for the selection of competent foreign workers. Therefore, it must ensure validity and reliability, and practicability as a language assessment tool. For seeking a way of developing EPS-TOPIK, in this paper, the current state of EPS-TOPIK was investigated based upon the materials published by the Korean government, and the questions of EPS-TOPIK were analysed. Together with this, newspaper articles both in Korea and in foreign countries were also analyzed, and the directors of the EPS center abroad were interviewed. According to the survey results, as expected, the local environment of Korean education is poor in a number of ways to improve the Korean communication skills of foreign workers, as well as to prepare the EPS-TOPIK. To improve the efficiency of the EPS-TOPIK and to enhance the Korean communication skills of foreign workers, the Korean language institutions including the King Sejong Institute, which are in charge of the Korean language education should closely cooperate with the Human Resources Development Service of Korea, which is responsible for all of the influx of foreign workers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2022

Hunminjeongeum was made by the Great King Sejong, and composed of 17 consonant and 11 vowel letters. All the 28 letters were made according to the shape of vocal organ or space at the point of articulation for each letters. This review article focused on phonetic and phoniatric consideration for explanation of the designs of the middle vowel letters, especially three main vowel letters [ • (天, heaven), ㅡ (地, earth), ㅣ (人, human)] using video-fluoroscopic evaluation as well as computed tomography scanning, etc. During articulating / • / sound, a ball-like space at frontal portion of the oral cavity was found, tongue was contracted, and sound was deep (舌縮而聲深). During /ㅡ/ sound, a flat air space between oral tongue and hard palate was created. Tongue was slightly contacted neither deep nor shallow (舌小縮而聲不深不淺). During /ㅣ/ sound, tongue was not contacted and Sound is light (舌不縮而聲淺). Tongue was moved forward making longitudinal oro-pharyngeal air space. So, I'd like to suggest that we had better change the explanation drawing from a philosophical modeling to a more scientific modeling from real vocal tract space modeling during articulating middle vowels of Hunminjeongeum.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

The medical text books used during the Joseon Dynasty can be seen to change over time by examining various records. These records show that the list of medical textbooks suddenly changed a lot between the era of King Sejong and Sejo in the Joseon Dynasty. However, since there are not many studies on this topic yet, this study was conducted and the following causes of these changes were identified: The first reason is the compilation project of Euibangyoochui (醫類聚聚) because the date of compilation of Euibangyoochui is clearly related to the period of change to the list of medical textbooks. The second reason is the difficulty of the medical examination during the Joseon Dynasty. Medical tests in the Joseon Dynasty were very difficult. Therefore, it was too unrealistic to keep 25 or 26 textbooks. Third, there was the problem of supply and demand of medical textbooks. Because the prices of these books were very high at that time, owning 25 or 26 medical books for an individual was a significant financial hardship. This study was able to confirm this through various forms of circumstantial evidence. However, more historical materials should be discovered in the future and research should be conducted to more accurately grasp the situation of the time.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.413-423
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• 2020

Over the wide area, King Sejong Station and the nearby land are uncovered with snow and ice conditions. Therefore, the active layer on the permafrost has been formed to be much thicker than the other Antarctica region. Electrical resistivity survey of Wenner and dipole-dipole arrays was undertaken at a series of time in the freezing season at the King Sejong Station to delineate subsurface structure and to monitor active layer in permafrost terrain. Time-lapse resistivity structures are well in terms of the vegetation distribution, ground surface temperature, and snow depth. Horizontal high resistivity belt(>1826 Ωm) at very shallow depth is thickening with the lapse of time, probably caused by the freezing of the water in the pore spaces with decrease of ground temperature. Subsurface structures for the area of low snow-cover and vegetated zone area are comprised of 0~0.5 m deep high-resistive gravel-rich soil, 0.5~3 m deep low-resistive active layer, and the underlying permafrost. In contrast, the unvegetated area and high snow-buildup is characterized with high resistivities larger than approximately 2000 Ωm due to freezing of the soil throughout the year. Data interpretation and correlation schemes explored in this paper can be applied to confirm the active layer, which is expected to get thinner in additional survey during the thawing season.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.157-162
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• 2009

Korea established a King Sejong Station in King George Island in 1988. With the establishment of a station, various researches such as geology, biology, geophysics and meteorites have been conducted. Surveying and mapping has been performed since 1990, however, the results had a large errors due to old GPS instrument and autonomous positioning with SA. In this study new GPS surveying was tried using a state-of-the-art GPS instrument and relative positioning.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-154
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• 2010

In the beginning of the Joseon dynasty, the Royal Astronomical Bureau (觀象監, shortly RAB) was established. After the double RAB had settled down by King Sejong (世宗), it continued to function until 1907. Before the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, the Joseon court had the Inner RAB in the Gyeongbok Palace (景福宮) and the Outer RAB in the Northen District Gwangwha-Bang (北部廣化坊) at the western side of the Changdeuk Palace (昌德宮). In the reign of King Sukjong (肅宗) the double system of the RAB was transformed into the Geumho-Gate (金虎門) Outer RAB and the Gaeyang-Gate (開陽門) Outer RAB. During the reconstruction of the Gyeongbok Palace in the early reign of King Gojong (高宗), the Gaeyang-Gate Outer RAB was replaced by the Yeongchu-Gate (迎秋門) Outer RAB in 1865. All RAB had the Royal Astronomical Observatory (觀天臺, RAO hereinafter), so called the Soganui-platform (小簡儀臺) on which the Soganui (小簡儀) has been put. The Soganui (小簡儀) is a small simplified armillary sphere. While the Gwangwha-Bang RAO handed down from the reign of King Sejong still exists, other RAOs, such as Gyeongbok Palace RAO, Gaeyang-Gate and Yeongchu-Gate RAOs, do not remain. According to our study, the Changgyeong Palace (昌慶宮) RAO was not indeed the RAO with the Soganui.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-12
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• 2009

Soil samples from the King Sejong Station in Antarctic and Vladivostok were tested in the laboratory and specific gravity, compaction curve, grain size distribution were determined. The effect of temperature change on the thermal conductivity, unfrozen water content, compressive strength were investigated. In addition, the change of tensile strength with temperature of the soil from Vladivostok was measured. Samples for the compressive strength test and tensional strength test were prepared in a mould with a fixed volume to prevent swelling. Also the effects of temperature and water content change on those strength were compared. Results from the thermal conductivity test showed that thermal conductivity values for both soils was larger at temperatures below freezing than those above freezing. The unfrozen water content dropped rapidly within a temperature range of $0{\sim}-5^{\circ}C$ and then gradually decreased further $-20^{\circ}C$. Compressive strength test results showed various stress/deformation curves with a change in water content. Sandy soil of the King Sejong Station had a much larger strength than ice at an identical temperature, while clayey soil of Vladivostok had a smaller strength than ice in the initial stage, but showed a larger strength at temperatures belows $-15^{\circ}C$. Tensile strength tests revealed an increase in the strength with a decreasing temperature.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.364-374
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• 2008

Antarctic Environmental Monitoring Handbook' was published by COMNAP/SCAR in 2000. The standardized method described in this handbook is recommended for monitoring of antarctic environment. High pressure bomb technique in this guide was used to decompose soil samples. In compliance with this guide book, high pressure bomb technique was applied to decompose the antarctic soil sampled at the King Sejong Station. An Isotope Dilution-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ID-ICP-MS) was applied to determine mass concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn in the soil. The accuracy in this method was verified by the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM) of NIST 2702 (marine sediment). The analytical results agreed with certified value within the range from 99.5~100.8%. Matrix separation was necessitated for the determination of Cu and Zn by Chelex 100 ion exchange resin. As a result, the average mass concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn which are suspected to be caused by anthropogenic pollution were 332.9 mg/kg, 95.6 mg/kg and 115.3 mg/kg, respectively. Those for the metals sampled in the soils of the remote regions from the station were 28.1 mg/kg, 101.8 mg/kg and 115.6 mg/kg, respectively.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.69.2-69.2
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• 2015

세종시대의 장영실(蔣英實)은 두 가지의 자동 물시계를 제작했다. 이미 잘 알려진 보루각루(報漏閣漏, '자격루'로 불림)는 1434년에 완성되어 국가 표준시계로서의 역할을 수행했고, 이어서 만들어진 흠경각루(欽敬閣漏, 1438년 제작)는 세종을 위한 특별한 시계였다. 이 연구는 흠경각(欽敬閣)에 설치한 물시계에 대한 것이다. 당시 흠경각은 세종의 정치적 구상을 위한 장소로 사용됐다. 이는 흠경각루를 이루고 있는 외형 부분인 가산(假山)에 빈풍사시(豳風四時)의 풍경을 그린 점과 의기(倚器)를 설치한 정황에서 알 수 있다. 빈풍사시의 그림은 당시에 유행하던 그림 화법으로 계절에 따른 농사일이 그려져 있어 농사짓는 백성들의 어려움을 살필 수 있었다. 또한 물시계와 함께 작동되는 의기(倚器)는 누수(漏水)에 의해서 그릇에 물이 담겨져 균형을 이루거나 기울어지는 것을 권력의 모습으로 비유하여 보여주었다. 우리는 흠경각루의 문헌내용을 분석하여 먼저 외형모습, 내부의 구성요소에 대한 것을 연구했다. 이러한 연구 성과를 확장하여 내부의 작동메커니즘의 기초설계를 실시했다. 흠경각루의 시간을 유지하는 중요한 요소는 물시계, 수차, 천형시스템의 유기적인 운영이다. 물시계의 유량실험을 통해 수압과 유량의 관계를 분석하고, 수차의 회전과 제어를 담당하는 천형시스템의 모델을 제시했다. 또한 연구과정에서 얻어진 자료의 일부를 전통천문학 교육에 활용하기 위한 웹페이지(history.kasi.re.kr)를 한국천문연구원 서버를 통해 구축중에 있다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.69.2-69.2
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• 2017

우리는 2016년 6월부터 세종시대 흠경각루 복원 프로젝트(사업명: 장영실 자동물시계 옥루의 전시융합콘텐츠 개발 및 활용 연구, 한국연구재단)를 진행하고 있다. 흠경각루는 세종대에 장영실이 제작한 보루각루의 제작(1434년)이후 4년여 만에 새롭게 제작(1438년)한 또 다른 자동물시계이다. 총 3년간의 연구를 통해 세종시대의 흠경각루('옥루'로도 부름)에 대한 상세 설계도면의 작성, 프로토타입(prototype) 제작, 전시융합콘텐츠와 과학교재 개발을 진행하게 된다. 현재 1차 년도 연구사업을 통해 내부구성에 따른 동력시스템에 대한 설계와 제작이 진행되었다. 물시계로부터 공급된 물이 수차를 움직이게 하고 회전 기륜을 작동시켜 각 층의 시보인형이 작동하는 동력을 발생시킨다. 가장 위층의 천륜은 혼천의를 구동시켜 태양의 일주운동 및 연주운동을 재현하여 보여주도록 했다. 향후 2차 년도의 연구를 통해 세부 시보인형에 대한 작동메커니즘을 실시설계하고, 흠경각루 외형에 해당되는 가산을 디자인하는 일들이 진행될 예정이다. 이 연구의 최종 단계에서는 흠경각루의 복원 모델을 제시하게 되며, 전시를 통한 체험 활동과 영상콘텐츠가 접목된 천문시계 전시물로 활용될 예정이다.