• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.419-424
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• 2012

Purpose: We were to obtain the basic data for studying kinetic visual acuity through the comparative analysis in kinetic visual acuity, visual acuity, refractive error, pupil size, and hand reaction time for college students. Methods: We had tested the kinetic visual acuity, visual acuity, refractive error and hand reaction time using the kinetic visual acuity tester (KOWA AS-4A), the hand reaction time program and auto-refractometer for thirty-nine male and same female optometry students with more than +0.1 LogMAR visual acuity in both eyes. And the results were examined gender differences of kinetic visual acuity and the factors correlation. Results: In the measured values of male, pupil size were 6.00 mm, hand reaction time 0.23 msec, refractive error -1.66 D, visual acuity -0.07, kinetic visual acuity 0.59 and pupil size 5.86 mm, hand reaction time 0.24 msec, refractive error -2.08 D, visual acuity -0.02, kinetic visual acuity 0.46 in female. It was significant difference for kinetic visual acuity values but other factors were not. The kinetic visual acuity and left visual acuity had the highest correlation, r=-0.406. The kinetic visual acuity indicated more excellent values in the case of increasing visual acuity and decreasing myopia amount. Conclusions: It was able to see that male college students were better than female for kinetic visual acuity and the visual acuity were related to kinetic visual acuity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.225-229
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• 2014

Purpose: The study was to analyze the correlation between kinetic visual acuity (KVA), visual acuity(static visual angle, SVA) and contrast sensitivity. Methods: Ninety-nine undergraduate students studying Ophthalmic Optics were fully corrected by the Topcon CV-3000 Phoropter. The contrast sensitivity was measured for the participants under the photopic condition ($100cd/m^2$) with Vector Vision CSV-1000E at 2.5 meter, while KVA was measured with KOWA AS-4A. The participants were classified into three groups L, M and H depending on the KVA (0.1~0.3, 0.31~0.6 and greater than 0.61, respectively) and were analyzed whether there was the correlation between the contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and refractive error. Results: The KVA was correlated with the contrast sensitivity for 3 cpd (r=0.26), for 6 cpd (r=0.48), for 12 cpd (r=0.38) and 18 cpd (r=0.47). Except for the low frequency of 3 cpd, they all were higher than the one of the SVA and the KVA (r = -0.37). The contrast sensitivity for 3, 6, 12 and 18 cpd was 59.41, 92.22, 38.41 and 14.39 in the group L, respectively. The contrast sensitivity in the group M was 66.03, 108.78, 53.51 and 19.20 and the one in the group H was 70.90, 146.10, 62.90 and 25.33 for 3, 6, 12 and 18 cpd, respectively. Conclusions: The correlation of the contrast sensitivity and the KVA was higher than the one of the contrast sensitivity and the SVA. It can be assumed that the contrast sensitivity will be high if the KVA is high, except for the case for low spatial frequency.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.519-525
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• 2014

Purpose: On this study, we investigated the relationship between the kinetic visual acuity (KVA) and the dynamic stereoacuity and the effects of anisometropia with measuring KVA and the dynamic stereoacuity. Methods: For 63 adults (male 30, female 33), KVA and the dynamic stereoacuity were measured by using the kinetic visual acuity tester (KOWA AS-4A) and the Howard-Dolman test (H-D test) at distance 2.5 m after conducted full correction of subjects' refractive error respectly. Results: The means of KVA were $0.49{\pm}0.25$ for total subjects, $0.58{\pm}0.26$ for male, $0.40{\pm}0.22$ for female, and LogMAD (Log minimum angle of displacement) dynamic stereoacuities were $1.27{\pm}0.44$($28.44{\pm}25.03sec$ of arc) for total subjects, $1.28{\pm}0.44$($28.23{\pm}23.34sec$ of arc) for male, $1.27{\pm}0.45$($28.63{\pm}26.83sec$ of arc) for female. KVA showed a statistically significant difference between male and female (p=0.00), but dynamic stereoacuity was no significant difference (p=0.97). No significant correlation was present between KVA and dynamic stereoacuity (r=0.03). Also there were no significant differences in the dynamic stereoacuity of the three group which were classified according to the low, middle, high range of KVA (p=0.99). The anisometropia were less than 1 D and over 1 D when divided into two groups, KVA and dynamic stereoacuity showed no significant difference between each (p=0.11, p=0.99). There was no significant correlation between anisometropia and KVA (r=0.33), dynamic stereoacuity (r=0.18) but the correlation between KVA and anisometropia revealed more higer than between dynamic stereoacuity and anisometropia. Conculsions: The KVA for adults showed a significant difference between male and female and male was higher than female for KVA. The dynamic stereoacuity due to the KVA, the KVA and dynamic stereoacuity due to anisometropia were not significant differences between each and also were not great correlations.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2013

Purpose: This study are to analyze and to compare between pupillary size, reaction time, refractive error, corrected vision, dominant eye, static visual angle (SVA) and kinetic visual acuity (KVA) of male and female college students, to measure KVA of them in full correction and to identify changes of KVA by +0.50 D and -0.50 D spherical power addition respectively in full correction condition. Methods: KVA, SVA, pupillary size, reaction time, refractive error, corrected vision and dominant eye of 40 male and 40 female optical science students were measured by utilizing KOWA AS-4A, reaction time measurement program, subjective refractometer, and objective refractometer, and KVAs were measured when +0.50 D/-0.50 D were added in both eyes respectively. Results: Binocular KVA of whole subjects was $0.45{\pm}0.22$, and in monocular KVAs were $0.36{\pm}0.19$ for right eye and $0.34{\pm}0.19$ for left eye, and binocular KVA was significantly higher than monocular KVA. It appeared that the better SVA was, the better KVA was in significant way, and in terms of refractive error the less myopia amount was, the better KVA was, but it was not significant statistically. The lower astigmatism was, the slightly and significantly higher KVA was when dividing between equal or less than -1.00 D astigmatism group and over -1.00 D astigmatism group. In resulting from correction condition of refractive error KVAs were $0.45{\pm}0.22$ for full correction, $0.26{\pm}0.15$ for +0.50 D addition, $0.48{\pm}0.22$ for -0.50 D addition which indicates that KVA in over myopia correction was significantly the highest and followed by full correction and under correction. Similar findings were revealed in both male and female, and KVA of male was better than female in comparing between male and female. There was no significantly different KVA between dominant eye and non-dominant eye. Conclusions: Accordingly, it is concluded that KVA is related with far distance SVA, astigmatism amount, and refractive error amount except a dominant eye. Through this research, it was found that prescription for enhancing KVA is to make full correction or to overcorrect slightly myopia.