• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 어린이집 화재 시 열 및 연기의 거동 특성을 파악하기 위하여 재개발 예정지의 어린이집에서 실험이 실시되었다. 실험대상 어린이집은 2층 구조로 되어있으며, 각 층의 연면적은 252 $m^2$이다. 가연물로는 헵탄 36리터를 사용하였다. 한 변의 길이가 0.8 m인 정사각형 화원을 사용하였으며, 정상상태에서 최대 열방출율은 약 1.7MW이다. 실험동안 연기의 이동 및 온도 변화를 측정하였다. 1층 복도에서, 화재 발생 1분 후 연기가 1.4 m 높이까지 하강하였으며, 화재 발생 약 4분 후 복도 전체가 연기로 가득 찼다. 2층 대부분의 영역에서 온도가 $70^{\circ}C$ 이하로 유지되었으나 실내가 연기로 가득 찼다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.242-246
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• 2008

This study is to research on the condition of safe environment of kindergartens. This study is to supplement the preceding study which was based only on survey to show the result and analyze the condition and problems of the safety of kindergartens to suggest the basic database of indoor environment that cause accident. First as a theoretical study, we analyze the preceding studies according to the related regulations. And we made checklist based on this and visited and investigated two kindergartens where applied for the case study As the result, we could understand factors that can cause accidents from classroom, corridor, door, stairs, balustrade, toilet, kitchen, front door, and fire exit/shelter. Especially, in case of fire exit/shelter, the whole renewal of kindergarten was necessary which is difficult. But, though it can not be advanced right away, they should try to have facility expansion and repair works gradually. And for more study on this, active cooperation from kindergartens are in need.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 유아교육기관에서 흔히 발생될 수 있는 내 외과적인 응급상황에 대하여 유치원 교사의 기본 응급처치 수행능력에 대해 조사하였다. 연구결과 유치원 교사의 59.4%가 전반적인 응급처치방법에 대하여 올바르게 수행하고 있었으나 일부분에 있어서는 응급처치 교육이 절실하게 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. 특히 무의식 유아의 기도폐쇄는 83.2%가, 유아 인공호흡 방법은 82.1%가 잘못된 응급처치법을 숙지하고 있었다. 또한 화상 발생 시 67.4%가 응급처치 없이 바로 병원으로 간다고 응답하였고, 찰과상에 대해서도 53.7%가 잘못된 응급처치법을 숙지하고 있었다. 유아교육기관 내에서의 안전사고에 대한 교사의 책임이 부각되면서 실전에 필요한응급처치 교육프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.297-301
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• 2015

어린이집과 유치원은 해마다 증가하고 있지만 화재로 인한 피해도 함께 증가하고 있다. 영유아들은 화재위험에 대한 대응능력이 성인보다 낮기 때문에 피해가 크며 화재 발생 시 화재로 인한 매연으로 시야확보가 어려워 평소 대피 경로를 인지하더라고 대피가 어려운 상황이다. 이러한 상황에서 평소 화재 안전 교육도 필요하지만 어린이집 과 유치원내에 교사 및 영유아들이 안전하게 대피할 수 있는 시스템의 구축도 함께 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 화재상황을 인식하여 스마트 폰으로 푸시 기능을 통해 자동 구현되는 피난 경로를 표기해주는 화재 대피용 안전 경로 시스템을 제안하며, 시스템 구축에 대한 신뢰성 검증을 하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.112-122
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 유아들의 화재로 인한 피해실태와 문제점을 살펴보고, 미국의 화재안전교육 프로그램과 우리나라의 화재안전교육의 법적 근거를 고찰하여 유아 화재사고 예방을 위한 화재안전교육 프로그램의 방향을 탐색하고자 한다. 연구결과로 첫째, 우리나라 아동의 화재 및 화상사고로 인한 사망률이 영국, 독일, 스웨덴에 비해 높았다. 둘째, 우리나라 유아화재안전교육은 아동복지법, 유치원교육과정, 표준보육과정에서 의무적으로 실시하도록 법으로 명시하고 있다. 셋째, 유아 화재 사고 예방을 위해 유아의 발달에 적합한 화재안전교육을 실시하여야 하며, 다양한 시청각 매체와 체험활동 프로그램을 제공해주어야 한다. 마지막으로 체계적인 유아 화재안전교육을 위해 교사 및 보호자를 대상으로 하는 화재안전교육이 병행되어야 한다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2018

본 연구는 학교 교실의 재실자밀도 기준에 대하여 학생 수 감소현상 및 지역별 편차 등에 의한 문제에 대응하기 위하여 기준의 적정성을 고찰하였다. 이에 교육부에서 제공하는 공시자료를 이용하여 유치원, 초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교 및 대학교 등에 대한 재실자밀도 기준을 분석하였다. 조사 결과, 학교 유형별로 데이터의 편차가 높게 나타났으며, 이에 중앙값을 나타내면 유치원($1.49m^2$/인), 초등학교($3.45m^2$/인), 중학교($2.64m^2$/인), 고등학교($2.45m^2$/인) 및 대학교 등($3.41m^2$/인)이 나타났다. 유치원을 제외한 재실자밀도 수치는 현 기준($1.9m^2$/인)보다 높은 것으로 나타났지만 최대 재실인원 산정의 목적을 고려하면 현재 기준은 즉시 개선은 필요하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 다만, 국가 교육정책의 개선 등의 영향에 따라 향후 개선을 한다면 조사결과를 토대로 $2.5m^2$/인으로 완화가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1998

Burns in children result in the loss of precious life, or if the child survives, in much suffering from physical, emotional, social, and economic problems. These burn accidents to children happen in the bustle of family life and frequently without any warning. With this background information, this study was designed to identity types of burns in children and mothers' attitudes towards, and knowledge of burn prevention, in order, to not only, in still a safety consciousness regarding the seriousness of burn accidents and the strengthening prevention, but also as basic data towards the development of an educational program aimed at prevention. From May 1 to May 25 in 1997, data were collected from the mothers of children attending five day care centers and kindergartens located in Seoul, which had been selected for the study. The tools used for the study, which were developed by the researchers, surveyed the type of burns suffered by children, mothers' knowledge of burns and attitudes toward burn accidents. The data were analyzed through real numbers percentages and analysis was done using SPSS computer programs. The results of the study show that the most frequent type of burn accidents were those caused by hot water(55.4%) and these were frequently related to everyday habits that easily lead to danger. Further, the first aid treatment following a burn was weak. The majority of the mothers had not instructed their children on who to contact in the case of a fire, first aid for burns, or how to take escape in the case of a fire. This left the children in a defenseless position in case of a fire. The mothers showed a lack knowledge, on what to do when a blaze is discovered, how to put out a fire, first aid for burns, escaping from a fire and appropriate water temperature, in that 50% of the time they answered incorrectly. From this study a prevention program, HIPP (Home Injury Prevention Program) could be developed that includes fire prevention habits and first aid for burns. This program can be used with kindergarten and elementary school children for group education on fire prevention and can be used as a foundation for construction of a system of facilities and equipment to prevent fires and also prevent injury from fires.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2003

Childhood injuries are the primary cause of death and disability among children aged 5 to 14. Consistent practice of learned safety behaviors can reduce the occurrence of severe injuries among children. However, safety behavior concern is low among Korean-American children specifically and American children, in general. The objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of an unintentional injury prevention curriculum, Risk Watch among Korean-American children. A quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group was used for the designed of the study. Two intervention and two control Korean schools in Atlanta participated in this study. The intervention consisted of weekly lessons in traffic, bicycle, pedestrian, and fire safety. One hundred and two students completed a pre-test and a post-test. The main outcomes were safety behaviors (seat belt use or helmet use), behavioral intentions, and safety knowledge. Analysis of covariance was used for the statistical analyses. Strong intervention effects were found for increasing knowledge of all safety topics in the intervention group. Additionally, statistically significant intervention effects were detected for increasing seat belt and helmet use, as well as behavioral intentions of wearing a seat belt and wearing a helmet, among pre-kindergarten and kindergarten students. For students in grades 1 and 2, intervention effects were found for increasing helmet use. Among students in grades 3 to 8, the intervention group showed statistically significant increases for seat belt use. Limitations of the study and recommendations for modifying and supporting unintentional injury prevention programs for school children are discussed.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.61-74
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• 1997

This study is a descriptive study which was done to examine the circumstances surrounding burn accidents in children in order to develop a burn prevention program. The subjects for the study were the mothers of 107 children admitted to two burn specialty hospitals in seoul and the mothers of 172 healthy children attending day care or kindergarten. The tool used in the study was developed by the researchers, pretested and refined. Cronbach's alpha was 0.72. Data collection was done between November 1995 and April 1996. Statistically analysis was done using SAS Version 6.04 and the data was analyzed using test, chi square, regression and logistic analysis. A suumary of the results shows the following : Eighty percent of the children in both groups lived in nuclear families but comparatively more of the children with burn accidents lived in apartments. More of the parents in the group of healthy children had university education and held white collar or professional jobs, while the parents of the children with burn accidents were slightly younger than the parents of the healthy children. but not significantly younger. A significantly greater number of families of children with burn accidents had more than one child and the characteristics of the children with burn accidents that they were more frequently boys, either first or last born and very active. Most of the burn accidents occurred in fall or winter. sometime between noon and midnight and the majority occurred in the home and were caused by hot liquid. In 86% of the cases emergency care was not given at home but the child was brought to the hospital emergency unit. Most of the burns were second degree or greater. involved the arms or legs. required admission, and 41.5% occurred when the parents were preparing or eating meals. In a test of knowledge of preventive measures, the mothers of children who had suffered burn accidents scored slightly higher than the mothers who had no experience with burn accidents, but this was not statistically significant. As to what to do in the case of a fire, the mothers of the healthy children had more knowledge about who to notify. but 70% of the mothers in both groups did not know how to escape from the house if it was of fire. 80 to 96% did not know what do to in case of a fire, such as rolling if clothes were on fire. 80% did not know what emergency care to give for a burn, and 74 to 87% did not know when it is appropriate to try to put out a fire. It can be concluded from this study that. since the results show that the most frequent situation which resulted in burn accidents was when the parents were not aware of the danger of burns or were not paying attention to the child. and when there were no protective devices to prevent burns. and that accidents most frequently occurred at home. the most effective way of preventing accidents is to develop in the parents a "safety mind", Since burn accidents in children are usually more severe than in adults. the physical. emotional. psychological and social damage is greater. In order to develop and awareness of this in the general public. the use of mass media. books and pamphlets and other educational media that provide education on prevention of burn accidents need to be utilized.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.730-739
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences between child-care facilities and kindergartens towards the need for foodservice support by Center for Child-Care Foodservice Management (CCFSM). For this study, questionnaires were sent out from August of 2008 to April of 2009 to directors of 1,478 child care facilities and 299 kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do via postal service. A total of 267 questionnaires were usable with 203 (13.7%) of child-care facilities and 64 (21.4%) of kindergartens. Statistical data were analyzed by SPSS 15.0 for descriptive analysis and t-test. For political and administrative support, government funding for foodservice was the highest need and hiring nutritionists was significantly different by type of facility (p < 0.01). Both child-care facilities (4.29) and kindergartens (4.41) demanded the balanced menu from CCFSM. There were significant differences of "information about food material sanitation management" (p < 0.05), "hygiene safety management method according to working process" (p < 0.05), "hygiene safety management method of foodservice facilities and equipment" (p < 0.05). In education and training contents from center, "types and methods to manage foodservice facilities and equipment" for directors, "dietary education by age" for teachers, and "the rules of personal sanitation and working process" and "gas, electricity and fire prevention" for culinary workers had the highest mean score of requirements.