• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1969

Radioisotope renography was carried out in 564 cases consisting of 150 normal controls, 140 hypertensives, 102 hypertensive nephropathys, 62 chronic renal diseases, non-functioning kidneys. It was aimed to study which parameter of the renogram is most applicable to any definite disease of the kidney. The analytical methods adopted were; Tobe, Spencer, Krueger, Matchida and Takeuchi. In the non-functioning kidney groups, the hemograms and serum nitrogen series were also studied to evaluate the relationships between the renograms and renal anemia. The parameters were; time of maximum amplitude (Tmax), half-time of maximum amplitude ($T\frac{1}{2}$), Kac value calculated from these two parameters in Tobe's method, slopes of Band C phase, B/A and B/C values in Spencer's method, total concentration (T.C.), minute concentration (M.C.) and minute excretion (M.E.) in Krueger's method, Matchida's K value and Takeuchi's renal function Index (R.F.I.). Following were the results: 1. In general, marked differences in the patterns of the renogram were observed between the normal controls and nephropathys. In Tobe's method, each parameter showed statistically significant delay or decrease in patients with hypertensive nephropathys and chronic renal diseases. In Spencer's method, slopes of B and C phase and B/C, also showed the statistically significant decrease in patients with hypertension, hypertensive nephropathys and chronic renal diseases. In Krueger's method, M.C. and ME showed the statistically significant differences between the control and patients with hypertension, hypertensive nephropathys and chronic renal diseases, In Matchida's method, K value showed the statistically significant differences between the control and patients with hypertensive nephropathys and chronic renal diseases. 2. It appeared, therefore, that Tobe's $T\frac{1}{2}$, Kac value, Spencer's slopes of Band C phase, B/A, B/C values, Krueger's T.C., M.C., and M.E. values, Matchida's K value are useful for the differentiation of various renal diseases, however, qualitative analysis of the renogram with one or two parameters is not accurate. 3. In bilateral non-functioning kidney groups, a positive correlation between anemia and nitrogen retention was observed, although the quantitative assessment of the degree of non-functioning was impossible.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1997

목적 : DMSA스캔은 신장의 형태학적 질환의 진단에 유용한 방사선과적 검사이다. 본원에서 DMSA스캔을 시행한 환아중 일측성으로 동위원소 섭취가 안되는 환아를 대상으로 이들의 성별, 연령별 분포와 임상적 소견, 원인질환 및 동반질환을 분석하고 이에 대한 치료 및 예후를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1980년부터 1995년까지 16년간 본원에 내원하여 DMSA 스캔을 시행한 생후 1일부터 15세 환아중 일측성으로 신기능을 상실한 경우와 5% 이내로 매우 저하되어 있는 61명을 대상으로 이들의 성별, 연령별 분포와 내원하게 된 주소, 내원당시의 임상적 소견, 정맥내 신우조영술, 복부초음파, 배뇨성 방광요관조영술, 최종 진단명, 동반되어있는 반대편 신장 및 전신 질환, 내원당시의 혈액검사, 치료, 그리고 추적 관찰후의 결과 등에 대한 항목을 조사하고 상호 연관관계를 분석하였다. 결과 : 1) 대상 환아의 연령 분포는 평균 3.3세였으며, 특히 1세이하가 전체의 46%였고 성별 분포는 남녀 1.4:1의 비율로 남아가 많았다. 2) 내원하게된 주소는 산전초음파에서 신장 이상이 발견된 경우가 31.2%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 반복적 요로감염, 복부종괴 촉지, 육안적 혈뇨, 복통 순이였으며, 다른 질환의 평가중 우연히 신장 이상이 발견된 경우도 26.2%를 차지하였다. 3) 내원당시 임상적 소견은 발열, 농뇨 등의 요로감염 증상이 가장 많았고, 고혈압, 복부종괴 촉지, 육안적 혈뇨, 변비, 무증상, 현미경적 혈뇨 순이였다. 4) 비기능성 신장의 최종진단명은 다낭성 신이형성(multicystic dysplastic kidney)이 36.1%로 가장 많았고, 수신증, 신발육부전, 신형성부전 순이였다. 5) 비기능성 신장의 치료는 47.5%에서 수술적 치료를 시행받았고, 수술적 치료중 신적출술이 75.9%(전체의 36.1%)로 가장 많았으며 그외에는 근피적 방광루조성술, 요관방광문합술, 신적출 및 신이식 순이였고, 32.8%는 치료없이 추적관찰만 했던 환아들이였다. 6) 반대측 신장에 침범된 질환은 수신증이 90.5%로 가장 많았고 신형성부전, 신원거대감소증이 각각 1례였다. 7) 총 61명의 환아중 4명이 만성 신부전으로 이행하였는데 이들은 모두 반대편 신장에도 심한 병변이 동반되었던 경우였으며 그 외의 환아들은 비교적 예후가 좋았다. 결 론 : 신기능을 상실한 신장중 대부분은 선천적인 질환에 의한 경우였으며 양측성으로 침범된 경우 만성신부전으로 이행한 경우도 있었으나 편측으로 침범된 경우 예후가 좋은 편이였으며 양측성인 경우도 조기진단 후 수술 받은 경우 신기능이 잘 유지되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 주산기 신장 병변에 대한 평가는 중요하며, 출생후 민감도가 높은 검사방법으로 조기에 진단하고 처치하면 비교적 예후가 좋다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.70-74
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• 2019

The kidney is a highly complex organ, and acute or chronic renal diseases can occur with various complications such as diabetes and hypertension. So far, no target specific treatment is available in acute or chronic renal failure, necessitating the development of alternative therapeutic strategy. Recent experimental findings suggest that the renal function and structure can be restored after being treated with various sources of stem/progenitor cells. In this review, we discuss up-to-date findings of the potential of renal progenitor/stem cells in alleviating renal injuries with a focus on preclinical studies. We also review cellular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic function of these cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2013

The purposes of this article are understanding the meaning of yin deficiency interpreted with a perspective of Traditional Korean Medicine and a modern perspective a study and assigning modern diseases to yin deficiency pattern types. Clinical papers were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1995 to 2013. Results are as follows. First, yin deficiency written in the "Neijing" has been understood in many ways. It is translated such as deficiency of yin qi, inner qi, essence, cubit pulse, yin meridians qi, viscera yin and kidney. Second, yin deficiency pattern are related with disorders of the endocrine system, immunity, energy metabolism, blood circulation, cytokine, microelements, lipid metabolism and capability of getting rid of oxygen free radicals. Third, from pattern types, diverse diseases classified in types involving the heat from yin deficiency, which reflects pathologic conditions of deficiency heat which is distinct characteristics of yin deficiency pattern. Various diseases classified in types related with liver or kidney are reported, which reflects two viscera are more related with yin deficiency than other viscera. Fourth, levels of pattern types surveyed are more specific than Korean Standard Classification of Diseases(KCD) and specific enough to be applied clinically. This article surveyed the categories of modern diseases yin deficiency pattern types is assigned to but the detailed relation between them will be necessary to be studied in the future.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2013

사구체에 면역글로불린은 음성이면서 C3 만 침착되는 경우, 다른 원인이 없는 경우 C3GN을 의심하여야 한다. 광학현미경으로는 세포의 증식이 있는 경우와 없는 경우가 있지만, 전자현미경으로는 EDD가 내피세포 밑으로 혹은 메산지움 등에 침착함을 확인하여야 한다. 대체보체경로의 조절이상이 원인임으로 혈청 C3 치를 비롯하여 CFH, CFI, CFB 등을 측정하여야 하며, C3 nephritic factor, antifactor H 자가항체 등을 조사하는 것이 필요하다. 보체 조절이상을 일으키는 유전자 돌연변이를 조사해 보아야 한다. 예후는 안정적이지만, 치료는 대증적이다. 이론적으로 보체의 활성화를 저지하는 약으로 가능할 것으로 생각되며, C5 항체인 eculizumab으로 치유된 보고도 있다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Purpose: This study presents the results of the analysis on space utilization of kidney dialysis units in regional public hospitals, which plays a key role in local public medical services. The result aims to achieve safety from infection, allow comfort for the dialysis environment, and stability for medical support. The purpose of this study is to present fundamental data for architectural plans for the kidney dialysis unit, as well as to alleviate potential infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Methods: For research purposes, the investigation and analysis of space utilization were based on architectural floor plans, research papers and literature, related legal systems, and public statistics. Of the main 35 regional public hospitals, in regards to data accessibility, 15 facilities were selected to conduct the survey and analysis for the objective. Results: The space composition by area research results of kidney dialysis units in public hospitals are as follows: Firstly, most targets do not have required rooms in the access and support area, except for the hemodialysis beds in the treatment section. Secondly, the access area requires necessary room and space design that took into consideration of convenience and accessibility for patients. Thirdly, in regards to infection prevention and control, proper circulation and room plan is essential for storage and disposal of contaminated products and linen after use. For the treatment area, the arrangement plan needs to establish a visual connection between the isolation room, the nursing station, and the bed area. Additionally, consideration of circulation in the preparation, treatment, observation, examination, and all other rooms in the facility is required. Lastly, for the support area, the room is designed to consider adequate working and meeting spaces for the medical staff, consultation space for patients or guardians, separate storage and disposal of clean and contaminated items, and the storage of various equipment for dialysis. Implications: In preparation for the increase in chronic kidney failure patients and the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, the researched data demonstrates the basic guidelines for space composition of kidney dialysis units and the significant role of regional public hospitals.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2011

Acute kidney injury (AKI) can result in mortality or progress to chronic kidney disease in hospitalized patients. Although serum creatinine has long been used as the best biomarker for diagnosis of AKI, it has some clinical limitations, especially in children. New biomarkers are needed for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and reliable prediction of prognosis in AKI. Up to the present, candidate AKI biomarkers include neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), interleukin-18 (IL-18), livertype fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and Nacetyl-$\ss$-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). However, whether these are superior to serum creatinine in the confirmation of diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in AKI is unclear. Further studies are needed for clinical application of these new biomarkers in AKI.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.64-66
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• 2018

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent hereditary renal disease and causes terminal chronic renal failure. ADPKD is characterized by bilateral multiple renal cysts, which are produced by mutations of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. PKD1 is located on chromosome 16 and encodes a protein that is involved in cell cycle regulation and intracellular calcium transport in epithelial cells and is responsible for 85% of ADPKD cases. Although nine cases of unilateral ADPKD with contralateral kidney agenesis have been reported, there have been no reports of early childhood ADPKD. Here, we report the only case of unilateral ADPKD with contralateral kidney dysplasia in the world in a four year-old girl who was intrauterinely diagnosed since she was 20 weeks old and followed for four years until present.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2016

There are two pathogenic models of renovascular hypertension (RVH) originating from renal artery stenosis. We noted a case of a boy who had severe hypertension with atrophic left kidney, hypertrophic right kidney, a segmental stricture of the abdominal aorta, and total occlusion of the right renal artery. Due to the atrophic change of the contralateral, unclipped left kidney, this patient presented with various clinical manifestations related to both models of pathogenesis of RVH occurring at the same time. We conclude that this patient presented with the middle stage of the two RVH pathogenetic models, so called the 'one-clip, one and half-kidney model.'

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 1982

Patients with diffusely increased uptake in both kindeys("hot kidney") on the $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ bone imagings were evaluated. Total incidence of the "hot kidney" was 2.7% (56/2053). Among 56 patients with "hot kidney", the most common diseases were malignancies (30), and the remainders were composed of renal diseases(11) and other disease group(16). We report the possible factors for the "hot kidney" with brief review of some literatures.