• Membrane Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.320-325
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• 2018

The sorption amounts of butanol/water and isopropanol/water solution on the surface modified with FASs (fluoroalkylsilanes) hydrophobic membrane were measured and analyzed using Hansen's solubility parameters. The difference of the solubility parameter of butanol (${\delta}_t=20.4$) and that of the surface modified with FASs hydrophobic membrane (${\delta}_t=16.9$) was greater than the case of isopropanol (${\delta}_t=24.6$), which might explain the result that the sorption amount of butanol was much higher than that of isopropanol. We might also explain the effect of the polar force (${\delta}_p$) on the sorption amount. The difference (${\Delta}$) between FASs polar force (${\delta}_p=4.6$) and butanol polar force (${\delta}_p=6.3$) was much smaller than that between FASs polar force (${\delta}_p=4.6$) and isopropanol polar force (${\delta}_p=9.0$), which meant that the interaction of butanol-FASs was much greater than that of isopropanol-FASs, and resulted in greater sorption amount of butanol on the FASs. This study showed Hansen's solubility parameters might be used for analysis of sorption characteristics of alcohol on membrane and solubility of solute in solvent.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.397-413
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• 2008

In Gaya area, the Boseong kaolin deposits exhibit locally unusual occurrences such as downward enrichment of kaoin minerals, characteristic hydrothermal alterations (illite and stilbite), and phase relations among kaolin minerals in addition to the extensive weathering of anorthositic country rocks. This indicates that the kaolin deposits seem to be genetically formed as a mixed hydrothermal and residual model. The kaolin ores can be divided into five types on the basis of differences in occurrence, mineral composition and characters. These consist of two types of high-grade ores ranging above 80% in grade and low-grade ores as low as less than 80% including feldspar residuals or the peculiar impurity phase of illite-vermiculite-stilbite. Halloysite and kaolinite are mostly coexisted in the Boseong kaolin, and these kaolin minerals exhibit diverse appearances in crystallinity and morphology. Such a diversity in mineral phase and crystallinity seems to be originated from the complexity in genesis. In addition to these diverse characters of the kaolin, its applied-mineralogical characteristics such as chemical composition, thermal properties, whiteness, viscosity, and etc. made it disadvantageous in terms of ore quality.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.199-209
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• 2010

Coal gasification technology in the sector of domestic clean coal technologies is being into the limelight since recent dramatic rise of international oil price. In this study, we used a low rank coal from Inner Mongolia, China as a starting material for gasification. Various properties including optical, mineralogical, X-ray spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction, and drying property were measured and tested in order to estimate the suitability of the coal to gasification. The coal was identified as a brown coal of lignite group from the measurement of vitrinite reflectance. The coal has very low slagging and fouling potentials, and the ignition temperature is about $250^{\circ}C$. The major impurities consist of quartz, siderite, and clay minerals. Additionally, the coal had moisture content above 28%. Tests for finding effective drying method showed that the microwave drying is more effective than thermal drying.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 1998

There are about 1470 stone-cultural properties in Korea which have been registered and protected by the government. Representative of them are pagoda, stupa, stone-buddha, stele support of banner pole and stone-lanterns. Most of them have been exposed to and weathered by natural environments. Stone-cultural properties are destroyed and/or destructed mostly by weathering and its related features of rocks. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct geological studies on the weathering phenomena and related features as well as characteristics of the rock itself must be done for the conservation. Thus geological investigation should include detail measurements, rock varieties and phases, structural lineaments of the rock, cause and degree of weathering, degree and patterns of crack development structural stability, identification of reusable parts for restoration, geomorphological characteristics of the site, and etc. The interaction among these factors must be investigated and analyzed, which must be used as basic data to establish the guideline of conservation and to plan for repair and/or restoration. The conservation plan should involve parts to be repaired, method of repair, type of cementing material, the characteristics of rock phases to be supplemented, method for maintaining structural stability, and method to delay or to prevent the rock weathering.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.172-179
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• 1996

This paper described the application of fuzzy multiobjective linear programming to solving a multiple-use problem of forest resources management. At first the concepts of linear programming, fuzzy linear programming and fuzzy multiobjective linear programming were introduced briefly. In order to illustrate a role of fuzzy multiobjective linear programming in the process of multiple-use forest planning, the natural recreation forest in Mt. Yoomyung was selected for this study. A fuzzy multiobjective linear programming model is formulated with data obtained from this Mt. Yoomyumg natural recreation forest to solve the multiple-use management planning problem of forest resources. Finally, the results, which were obtained from the calculation of this model, were discussed. The maximal value of the membership function(${\lambda}$) was 0.29, when the timber production and the forest recreation function were optimized at the same time through the fuzzy multiobjective linear programming. The cutting area in each period was 102.7ha, while total cutting area was 410.8ha for 4 periods. During 4 periods $57,904m^3$ will be harvested from this natural recreation forest and at the same time total visitors were estimated to be about 8.6 millions persons.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2000

Population ecology of Rhynchocypris keumgangensis have been investigated at upper part of the Han River in Korea from January to December, 1995. The habitat was low water temperature and clean area, and stream form was Aa. The major cohabitation fish was Phoxinus phoxinus. The total lengths in this population indicated that below 40 mm group is one year old, 40~65 mm group is two years old, 65~80 mm group is three year and the 80 mm longer group is regarded over four years old. There were no differences in total length distribution between the female and the male. The males became sexually mature, when longer than 45 mm and females longer than 65 mm in total length. Spawning season was from April to mid May with the water temperature in $11{\sim}14^{\circ}C$ and the properous period was April. The mean number of eggs in ovary was 1,616. The sex ratio all the year round of the female to the male was 1 : 0.75. The current velocity of the spawning ground was 44 (20~80) cm/sec and water depth was 35 (5~70) cm. Eggs were laied in 5~15 cm deep underneath the immaculate pebbles (2~6 cm). Sex ratio of the female to the male was 1 : 6.90 for spawning behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the landscape type on Chunchon by CG(computer graphics) pictures and visibility analysis. The land use CG picture and the land cover CG picture are created by using Zoning area data and DEM(digital elevation model), and by using data of land cover classification and DEM. According to the analysis result of the land cover from 1989 to 2000, the city area has increased to $7.7km^2$, the green area has diminished to $12.7km^2$. The tendency of the city area increases and the green area decreases which appear in the city area, developmental restriction zone and green area on land use. The landscape is classified into three types by cluster analysis using the area rate of the element which constitutes the land use CG picture. Type 1 is a landscape characteristics of developmental restriction zone. Type 2 is a landscape characteristics of green land and type 3 is a landscape characteristics based on city area and water area. The increase of city area and decrease of green area are shown in all landscape types of land cover CG pictures. The same tendency is seen in the place where the scenery is of high importance as a result of visible analysis. The preservation and management of the scenery to the green area are requird in developmental restriction zone are required.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

Objective : Migration can be a stressful process to people because they have to adjust a lot of things including habits, routine and cultural behavior. Also, Migrant can negatively impact on participation in daily meaningful occupations. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate whether participation in meaningful occupations after immigration and environmental factors impact the QOL in migrant women. Method : Migrant females who live in Australia were invited to participate in the study (n= 9). In this study, participation, environmental factors and QOL were measured using the questionnaire, which was developed by researchers. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants who were then asked to fill out a survey. Both quantitative data and qualitative data were collected. The SPSS program was used to process the quantitative data that was transcribed and coded. Result : Spearman's rank correlation coefficient shows that the total scale of QOL and the total scale of occupational engagement were significantly correlated at the 0.05 level. Conclusion : There was a significant relationship between quality of life and occupational engagements. Migrant women tend to have a lack of participation in meaning occupations thus, it seems to impact on their quality of life.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.330-342
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• 2016

The aim of this article is to explore some issues on the uneven regional development in the Republic of Korea. Along with this, case studies on the United Kingdom and Italy are conducted in terms of their wealth, inequality and regional development. In the period of 1995~2003, the UK experienced the intensified uneven regional development and continuous increase of its index due in the main to the delayed revitalization of industrial decline regions, neo-liberalistic local labour market and industrial policies, and institutional instability of regional policies. In the case of Italy, it seemed to experience relatively stable regional convergence. However, this was caused by the continuous decline of major metropolitan areas such as large cities, Milan, Turin, Genoa, to name but a few. The Republic of Korea experienced 'economic growth with spatial and social disparities.' Since 2003 the uneven regional development has intensified. Towards regional convergence, new engines of regional development, the investment in the specialization of small and medium cities, and supportive policies for industrial restructuring regions are required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1516-1521
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• 2009

This study was carried out to estimate beneficial effects of medicinal plant [Oenanthe javanica (MNR), Coicis lachryma-jobi L. var. (YM), Plantaginis asiatica L. (CJJ)] water extracts on activities of key enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) and carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT) on lipid metabolism. LPL and ACS were extracted from the epididymal adipose tissue and liver of Zucker lean rats (lean) and Zucker fatty rats (fa/fa). MNR or YM water extract treatment significantly reduced the activity of lean and fa/fa LPL. When 10000 ppm of MNR, YM, and CJJ water extracts were tested, they decreased fa/fa LPL activity by 32.5%, 30.1% and 22.8%, respectively. The lean ACS activity was significantly higher in YM water extract treatment compared to the control and the MNR water extract treatment significantly increased the activity of fa/fa ACS, compared to the activity in the control (p<0.05). MNR water extract activated fa/fa ACS activity by 12-fold compared with control at 10000 ppm concentration. CAT activity was significantly higher in 10000 ppm and 20000 ppm CJJ water extract treatment than in the control. Thus, the MNR, YM and CJJ water extracts may have beneficial effects due to activities of enzymes related with fat metabolism in obese humans.