• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1208-1222
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• 2014

Due to the low utilization and scarcity of frequency spectrum in current spectrum allocation methodology, cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have been proposed as a promising method to solve the problem, of which spectrum sensing is an important technology to utilize the precious spectrum resources. In order to protect the primary user from being interfered, most of the related works focus only on the restriction of the missed detection probability, which may causes over-protection of the primary user. Thus the interference probability is defined and the interference-aware sensing model is introduced in this paper. The interference-aware sensing model takes the spatial conditions into consideration, and can further improve the network performance with good spectrum reuse opportunity. Meanwhile, as so many fading factors affect the spectrum channel, errors are inevitably exist in the reporting channel in cooperative sensing, which is improper to be ignored. Motivated by the above, in this paper, we study the throughput tradeoff for interference-aware cognitive radio networks over imperfect reporting channel. For the cooperative spectrum sensing, the K-out-of-N fusion rule is used. By jointly optimizing the sensing time and the parameter K value, the maximum throughput can be achieved. Theoretical analysis is given to prove the feasibility of the optimization and computer simulations also shows that the maximum throughput can be achieved when the sensing time and the parameter of K value are both optimized.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.28
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• pp.71-81
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• 1995

There are no exact copies or carvings of India's original Buddhist Scripts published in Korea that had been flowed into Japan except those of WanSanJungUiMongSanPuPo(환산정의몽산법어). YaWoonJaKyung (야운자경). KyeChoShimHakInMoon(계초심학인문) PalSimSooHangChang(발심수행장) and MongsanWhaSangPupoRackLock published by a mid-Chosun Dynasty Buddhist monk, YaWoon TaesunSa. Others are the translations by Chinese people. All printings were of woodblock except ChonjimyungYangsoo- RhockChapMoon(천지명양수육잡문) of Inkyng wood printing type. This shows perhaps that the Buddhists were so devout that they spared no effort in their prayers to head for the Paradise. Even the woodblock carver himself took his hard work for granted in his belief and engraved the blocks with all his heart taking his work as God-given task. Or. perhaps they to use wood-block printing as the demand for the Scripts soared. By the way. as the Koryo Dynasty took Buddhism as the state religion, it was natural that the Buddhist Scripts were published at TaeJangToKam (the publishing office) and were much encouraged. It is noteworthy. however, that not a few Buddhist Scripts had been published during the Chosun Dynasty despite its crack-down on Buddhism as the Confucianism was declared as the state principle. The Scripts were even published by such temples as MoonJooSa(문수사), MyoHeeAm(묘희암). SsangbongSa(쌍봉사). PyoHoonSa(표훈사), YooJupSa(유점사), YongJangSa(용장사). and AnShimSa(안심사). The fact that the Scripts were even published by KanKyungToKam(간경부감) leads us to reconsider the traditional way of thinking of the Chosun Dynasty as anti-Buddhist or flunkeyist. The historical fact that a record number of Buddhist publications had been transmitted to Japan - is it accidental? - This issue could well be another subject matter for further research. However, it should be noted that very few of above­mentioned Buddhist Scripts are found in present-day Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1760-1767
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• 2010

FAT compounds photocatalysts were prepared with $TiOSO_4{\cdot}xH_2O$ (TOS) by a sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET specific surface area, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The SEM results showed that ferric compounds and titanium dioxide were fixed onto the AC surfaces. The XRD results showed that Fe-AC/$TiO_2$ composites mostly contained anatase phase. EDX showed the presence of C, O, and Ti with Fe peaks in all samples. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation of methylene blue (MB) solution, via compare photodegradation of MB solution under visible light and UV light separately. Fe-AC/$TiO_2$ composites had an excellent photocatalytic under strong visible light irradiation. A small amount of Fe ions in AC/$TiO_2$ particles could obviously enhance their photocatalytic activity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.18-30
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• 2010

As the automobile industry is developing, the number of deaths and injuries has increased. To reduce the damages from automobile accidents, the government of each country proposes experimental conditions for reproducing the accident and establishes the vehicle safety regulations. Automotive manufacturers are trying to make safer vehicles by satisfying the requirements. The Hybrid III crash test dummy is a standard Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) used for measuring the occupant's injuries in a frontal impact test. Since a real crash test using a vehicle is fairly expensive, a computer simulation using the Finite Element Method (F.E.M.) is widely used. Therefore, a detailed and robust F.E. dummy model is needed to acquire more accurate occupant injury data and behavior during the crash test. To achieve this goal, a detailed F.E. model of the Hybrid III 5th percentile female dummy is constructed by using the reverse engineering technique in this research. A modeling process is proposed to construct the F.E. model. The proposed modeling process starts from disassembling the physical dummy. Computer Aided Design (CAD) geometry data is constructed by three-dimensional (3-D) scanning of the disassembled physical dummy model. Based on the geometry data, finite elements of each part are generated. After mesh generation, each part is assembled with other parts using the joints and rigid connection elements. The developed F.E. model of dummy is simulated based on the FMVSS 572 validation regulations. The results of simulation are compared with the results of physical tests.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.46-58
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• 2016

Architecture and Fashion mutually affects the shape and appearance of the other as an art of space according to the hybrid trends. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find the correlations between the characteristics of traditional architecture types in Southeast Asia and modern fashion. Firstly, characteristics of the types obtained through the theoretical consideration of Southeast Asian architectural tradition include vertical, symmetrical, geometrical, epeated and continual structure. On the basis of these characteristics analyzed from 2013's S/S to 2015's F/W collection of Alexander McQueen, Gareth Pugh, Victor & Rolf, designers with strong creative and experimental minds who juxtaposed designs of two opposing points as well as hybrids since 2000, the following formativeness exists. First, the vertical structure of high floor is represented as a straight silhouette, a color contrast, vertical cut or wrinkle. Hence, it impresses verticality, rhythm, etc. Second, symmetrical structure of the gable roof is represented as a trapezoidal shape starting from the shoulder line or neck line widened into sleeves, impressing symmetry, dynamism, etc. Third, the geometry of the assembled is represented as vertical and horizontal bands or pattern pieces like puzzle, impressing geometry, three-dimensional, etc. Fourth, repeated structure of the weaving pattern is represented as repetitive patterns of woven fabric or printing techniques. Thus, it impresses repeatability, harmony, etc. And lastly, continuous group structure is represented as a connection of collars or hem-lines, as well as a crossing of fabric that impresses continuity, liquidity, etc.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.32-45
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• 2016

Outdoor wear, which is typically worn for outdoor activities, has become a style that is worn on a daily basis, much like ordinary clothes, through recent megatrends. There are new approaches to outdoor wear with high-fashion brands and designers recently taking part in the trend. This indicates that outdoor wear has already reached high-fashion, no longer making it just a megatrend or daily fashion. Therefore this study aims to find new features of outdoor looks and designs, through the latest women's ready-to-wear collections from 2014 to 2015. The study will focus on mega collections, which have shown many new approaches, and searches to change and development the present day outdoor look design, by using the word 'outdoor look' which is explained as a 'style' in a broad sense, and using it a general term of 'clothes'. High fashion brands have pursued changing their styles by mixing their designs with outdoor wear's variety, functionality and details; attempting new approaches and challenges. Due to these updated changes, the outdoor look is thriving and becoming part of high fashion. Looking forward to future new approaches and the development of the outdoor look will help catapult this type of 'style' into a new category of modern fashion.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.171-190
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• 2011

As competition has deepened between business institutions, it has been difficult to predict and respond quickly to business environment. Most business firms have started to introduce Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in order to improve their business environment. However, it increases the probability of failure to implement the systems without considering the structural characterisitcs of the organizations. The paper studies what influence the characteristic variables of organizational structure and management system have on the performance of the ERP systems of small and medium-sized enterprises. Also, since it is important to compare the level of information system of Korea and China in the midst of the rapid growth of Chinese economy, the paper&nbs p;compares the ERP performance of Chinese and Korean small and medium sized enterprises that implemented ERP system.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.879-883
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• 1999

The lymphoid system of the lung represents a complex network of lymphoid tissue and lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are normally located in the hila, adjacent to the lobar bronchi and within the lung to the level of the fourth-order bronchi. Clinically apparent intrapulmonary lymph nodes are rare. Although of intrapulmonary lymph node histogenesis is uncertain, They are probably hyperplastic lymphoid nodules related to inhalation of irritant dusts and attendant distortion of local lymphatic vessels. Intrapulmonary lymph nodes are detected as solitary or multiple pulmonary nodules. These nodules are difficult to differentiate from intrapulmonary metastasis by radiologic finding. We experienced a case of intrapulmonary lymph nodes presenting multiple nodules in a 46 years old man, which was confirmed by thoracoscopic biopsy.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.535-542
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• 2010

In this study, we used coal-based activated carbons and charcoal as startingmaterials, phenolic resin (PR) as a binder, and TOS as a titanium source to prepare $TiO_2$ combining spherical shaped activated carbon photocatalysts. The textural properties of the activated carbon photocatalysts (SACP) were characterized by specific surface area (BET), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), iodine adsorption, strength intensity, and pressure drop. The photocatalytic activities of the SACPs were characterized by degradation of the organic dyes Methylene Blue (MB), Methylene Orange (MO), and Rhodamine B (Rh. B) and a chemical oxygen demand (COD) experiment. The surface properties are shown by SEM. The XRD patterns of the composites showed that the SACP composite contained a typical single, clear anatase phase. The EDX spectro for the elemental indentification showed the presence of C and O with Ti peaks. According to the results, the spherical activated carbon photocatalysts sample of AOP prepared with activated carbon formed the best spherical shape, a high BET surface area, iodine adsorption capability and strength value, and the lowest pressure drop, and the photocatalytic activity was better than samples prepared with charcoal. We compared the degradation effects among three kinds of dyes. MB solution degraded with the SACP is better than any other dye solutions.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.53-62
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• 2007

Preliminary gas hydrate surveys were carried out From 2000 to 2004 in the East Sea. Research results showed the geophysical evidence of gas hydrate existence. In 2005, Gas Hydrate R&D Organization was established and 10 year gas hydrate development program was initiated. In the $1^{st}$ stage of the program from 2005 to 2007, 6,600 L-km 2-D seismic survey was conducted in the $1^{st}$ year 2005, and $400\;km^2$ 3D survey was conducted in the $2^{nd}$ year 2006. Acquired seismic data were processed and seismic section and 3D cube were produced. By geophysical interpretation and velocity analysis, prospective areas were mapped and candidate drilling sites were recommended. For the precise interpretation, velocity was analyzed using AVO method, and BSR signal was analyzed using deconvolution method. For the prospective area, OBS and high-resolution seismic surveys were conducted. This presentation shows the introduction and examples of the research results of the geophysical methods applied for the gas hydrate exploration in the East Sea.