• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 2012

The physico-chemical characteristics including water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll-a(Chl. a), suspended particulate matter(SPM) and dissolved inorganic nutrients were investigated in the Garolim Bay, Yellow Sea, Korea in 2010 carried out six times per year at 11 fixed stations by Korea Fisheries Research & Development Institute. The water temperature, salinity, COD, dissolved inorganic nutrients, Chl. a and SPM showed significant difference between surface and bottom water but the other parameters didn't. There were not significant difference between stations. The water temperature showed typical change patterns of the temperate seawater. The annual average of salinity showed more than 31 so that there could not have occurred low saline water. The average of DO from June to August showed over than 3mg/L which showed higher than the below standard value of the hypoxic (oxygen-deficient) water. The average of Chl. a varied $1.68{\mu}g/L$ at surface, $2.38{\mu}g/L$ at bottom layer in June and $1.68{\mu}g/L$ at surface, $1.57{\mu}g/L$ at bottom layer at August. The dissolved inorganic nutrients showed high concentration in February and low concentration in August due to the limitation of the freshwater input in summer and phytoplankton used to the dissolved inorganic nutrients. The ratio of DIN/DIP showed 30.52 at surface and 37.89 at bottom layer in June which was higher than other month. The SPM was 44.15mg/L at bottom layer in February which was the highest value in this study due to the northwest monsoon. Because of the actively water change in the open sea without inflow of freshwater from land in Garolom Bay, there were not occurred low saline water and hypoxic water. thus, this Bay showed good water quality and required to be conserved continuously as important costal area for fisheries.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.299-310
• /
• 2002

This paper describes an integrated network management framework for providing point-to-multipoint reservation service (PMRS) in an ATM network. There are two major issues confronting the network service provider in relation to this service: one is to rapidly confirm the acceptability of the subscriber's reservation at subscription time, and the other is to punctually activate the reserved point-to-multipoint service. To meet these requirements, we developed a service provision model (SPM) and a network resource model of a bandwidth allocation timetable (BATT). We propose a point-to-multipoint routing algorithm composed of ordering and backtracking procedures, which can find the best branch point under the complex network topology and can add more destinations to the existing point-to-multipoint route. We demonstrate the feasibility of the SPM, the BATT, and the point-to-multipoint routing algorithm by implementing our schemes and analyzing their performance under the operational ATM network of KT(Korea Telecom).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2011.05a
• /
• pp.536-538
• /
• 2011

Net residual dispersion (NRD) available to transmit 160 Gbps OPDM signal is induced in optical transmission links with dispersion management (DM) and optical phase conjugator (OPC) for compensating of chromatic dispersion and self phase modulation (SPM). It is confirmed that the perfect cancellation of accumulated dispersion is necessary to transmit 160 Gbps OTDM signal.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we introduce motion artifact reduction algorithm for interleaved MRI using an advanced 3D approximation algorithm. The motion artifact framework of this paper is data corrected by post-processing with a new 3-D approximation algorithm which uses data structure for each voxel. In this study, we simulate and evaluate our algorithm using Shepp-Logan phantom and T1-MRI template for both scattered dataset and uniform dataset. We generated motion artifact using random generated motion parameters for the interleaved MRI. In simulation, we use image coregistration by SPM12 (https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/) to estimate the motion parameters. The motion artifact correction is done with using full dataset with estimated motion parameters, as well as use only one half of the full data which is the case when the half volume is corrupted by severe movement. We evaluate using numerical metrics and visualize error images.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.203-210
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate behavior of surface oxide on the cold rolled sheet used for the drum material and its phosphatability. Phosphatability is dependent of the characteristics of surface oxide on the cold-rolled sheet and can be estimated by using the electrochemical method and measuring $\tau$ value which is the time to be exposed to substrate Fe. $\tau$ value is varied with the steel composition, width direction of the sheet and SPM length. The good phosphatability and uniform surface color can be obtained by increasing SPM elongation and decreasing FCS temperature.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.24.1-24.1
• /
• 2003

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.340-347
• /
• 2001

Seasonal variation of the elemental and biochemical composition of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) was investigated in terms of quantity and quality of diets for suspension feeders from July 1999 to August 2000 in two coastal bay systems of Gosung and Kangjin Bays in Korea. No clear patterns in the seasonal variations of SPM concentration were found in these two bay systems. The results indicated that the seasonal variation of SPM could not be considered the variation of food available to suspension-feeders. The simultaneous peaks in chlorophyll a and biochemical components in summer indicated that the quantity of the particulate organic matter primarily depended on phytoplankton productivity. However, no correlation between chlorophyll a and biochemical components [particulate protein (PPr), carbohydrate (PCHO) and lipid] were found, indicating that other processes might also contribute to the particulate organic matter in the period when the phytoplankton biomass was low. High C: Chl a and C:N, and carbohydrate peaks during the autumn to spring period suggested that resuspension of surface sediments was a probable process to supply the particulate organic matter. The food material, represented by summing up the total quantity of three biochemical components, was highest in spring with minor peaks during the period from autumn to the next spring, The food index, calculated as the ratio of food material to total SPM, did not generally exceed $6\%$ with short peaks during the year. Therefore, nutritional quality of SPM in the bays are relatively poor than in other more productive coastal waters in the world. Our results confirm that the measurement of a single chemical variable cannot describe fully the nutritive value of the seston available to suspension-feeders as previously proposed, and the biochemical composition of SPM can provide effective information on its origin and nutritive Quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.529-530
• /
• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.835-836
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1999.07d
• /
• pp.1777-1779
• /
• 1999

SMM is a dynamic noncontact electric force microscopy that allows simultaneous access to the electrical properties of molecular system such as surface potential, surface charge, dielectric constant and conductivity along with the topography. SNOAM is a new tool for surface imaging which was introduced as one application of AFM. Operated with non-contact forces between the optical fiber and sample as well as equipped with the piezoscanners, the instrument reports on surface topology without damaging or modifying the surface for measuring of optical characteristic in the films. Here we report our recent results of its application to nanoscopic study of domain structures and electrical functionality in organic thin films by SMM. Furthermore, we have illustrated the SNOAM image in obtaining the merocyanine dye films as well as the optical image.