• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 1999

In the course of a search for tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ inhibitory compounds from medicinal plants, we identified neolignans, honokiol and magnolol, from the alcoholic extract of Magnolia offcinalis as active inhibitory principles. These compounds dose-dependently inhibited $TNF-{\alpha}$ production without displaying cytotoxicity and their inhibitory activities measured by $IC_{50}$ values were 53.7 and $61.4\;{\mu}M$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07b
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• pp.629-632
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• 1992

This paper deals with Digital Protection System which has been developed at R & D Center of HYUNDAI Electrical Engineering Co.. This system consists of supervisory control part and digital measuring are protection units. RS-485 network connects the units to supervisory control part. This paper go into detail about the specification of each part and the analysis results of digital measuring and protection unit.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08b
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• pp.1327-1329
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• 2007

We developed a 4 inch (qVGA, 320x240) a-Si TFT LCD which has the function of color scanner. We have designed the novel pixel structure and got good scanning quality with minimum aperture loss. In this new pixel, the sensor capacitance was increased in double without decreasing the aperture loss.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.1406-1408
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• 2006

Plastic substrate for flexible TFT LCD is developed. The gas barrier, optical properties and conductivity in the substrate is improved through depositing silicon oxide/nitride layer and ITO layer, coating polymer layer on plastic film by sputtering process and wet coating process. The whole production process of the plastic substrate is guaranteed the productivity by using roll to roll process.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1153-1156
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• 2005

A backlight for large-area LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)-TVs has been developed using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). Performances of the backlight and the methods driving the LEDs are introduced in this research. A spectral relationship between the LEDs and the color filters of a panel were investigated as well. In order to realize a CRT like dynamic effect, the area-focused luminance control (AFLC) technology was adopted in developing the backlight. Thus, a possibility of applying the LEDs to the backlight for large-area LCD-TVs was systematically proved.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1157-1160
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• 2005

In order to improve the image quality of a large size LCD-TV, the Area-Focused Luminance Control (AFLC) technology with data processing algorithm has been developed. The AFLC backlight consists of 16 U-shaped lamps, and controllable areas are divided into 8 blocks. Based on the AFLC technology, the backlight luminance of each block is automatically and separately controllable. Consequently, the contrast ratio is greatly enhanced whereas the corresponding power consumption is decreased as compared with those of conventional backlights.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.111-116
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• 2005

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.423-426
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• 2002

New driving waveform which can be inferred by analyzing fundamental LC mechanism is suggested. The main idea of the new waveform is the stabilizing LC layer fast in the cell by controlling the middle director of LC layer. Consequently, we can get not only numerical reduction of optical response merely but also the change of dynamic transmittance from applied voltage exactly

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.25-51
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• 2011

This study examine the firms fund R&D expenditures through cash and cash equivalents under financial distress in order to avoid huge adjustment costs that can be brought after R&D expenditures cut-down. Other study divided the firms' financial condition by only firms' year. This study identifies the firms' financial condition not only by a firm's year but also by firm size and Altman's Z-Score and K-Score. The results show that there are statistically negative relationship between R&D expenditures and cash and cash equivalents when firms are under financial distress. The results are same regardless of criteria of classification of firms' financial condition, which is consistent to the hypothesis. Young and small firms and firms with moderate possibility of bankruptcy fund R&D expenditures through cash and cash equivalent compared to the other firms. We can find the new evidence when we classify the firm by Z-Score and K-Score of Altman. The firms with high possibility of bankruptcy can not fund for R&D activities from cash, but only the firms with moderate possibility of bankruptcy fund R&D expenditures through cash and cash equivalent in the condition of financial distress. The evidence suggests that firms fund R&D expenditures by cash and cash equivalent when they are under financial distress. Findings provide an implication on the management of R&D expenditures and liquidity in the firms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.125-136
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• 2016

The external R&D, which includes the adoption of the external technology and knowledge in addition to the internal R&D, is one of important factors for the innovation. Especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the external R&D has been considered as a key factor to carry out the innovation more efficiently due to the limitations of their resources and capacities. However, most of extant studies related to external R&D have focused on analyzing the influence of external R&D on innovation outputs or outcomes. Only a few studies have explored the impact of external R&D on the innovation efficiency. This study therefore investigates whether the external R&D effects the industry's innovation efficiency and productivity. On this study, we used Korean manufacturing industry data of SMEs from 2012 to 2014 and employed a global Malmquist productivity analysis technique, which is based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), to assess the innovation efficiency and productivity. Innovation performances of external R&D group and internal R&D group are compared. Then, the sectoral patterns of both innovation efficiency and productivity are analyzed with respect to the technological intensity, which is introduced by OECD. The results show that the gap of innovation efficiency between external and internal R&D groups has gradually decreased because of the continuous improvement of the external R&D group's performance, while the external R&D group lag behind the internal R&D group. In addition, patterns of the innovation efficiency and productivity change were different depending on the technological intensity, which means that the higher the technological intensity, the greater the effect of external R&D.