• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.71.4-72
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• 2017

국립청소년우주센터에서 캄보디아의 Xavier Jesuit School과 연계하여 지역 중등교사 18명을 대상으로 천문교육을 지원했다. 이번 교육지원은 한국천문학회 소속 천문교육프로그램지원단과 캄보디아와의 교류를 통해 이루어졌다. 2017년 4월 3일부터 7일까지 5일 동안 시간과 좌표, 간이 망원경 제작, 결상의 원리, 분광, 망원경의 조립과 분해 및 천체관측 등 천체관측과 관련된 내용을 위주로 교육을 진행하였다. 이번 천문교육을 계기로 지속적인 천문교육지원이 이뤄지길 바라며, 이를 통해 캄보디아를 비롯해 천문교육이 제대로 이루어지지 못하는 지역의 청소년이 우주에 관심을 가지고 자신의 꿈을 펼칠 수 있게 되길 기대한다.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.311-320
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• 2015

In 1613 the official-scholar LI Zhi-zao (李之藻) of the Ming Dynasty, in collaboration with the Italian Jesuit Matteo RICCI (利瑪竇), compiled the treatise Tongwen Suanzhi (同文算指). This is the first book which transmitted into China in a systematic and comprehensive way the art of written calculation that had been in common practice in Europe since the sixteenth century. This paper tries to see what pedagogical lessons can be gleaned from the book, in particular on the basic operations in arithmetic and related applications in various types of problems which form the content of modern day mathematics in elementary school education.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.309-312
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• 1969

A series of metal ion-2, 5-diamine 1, 4-dihydroxybenzene polymers containing copper(II), nickel(II) or cobalt (II) have been prepared. The structure was postulated on the basis of elementary analysis of polymers. It was found that copper polymer is most likely the coordination polymers by X-ray powder pattern studies. The thermal stability of the polymers was also studied by a simple method, utilizing a thermogravimetric balance. The order of thermal stabilities is Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II). The polymers start to decompose at a relatively low temperature.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.36
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• pp.117-152
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• 2020

In Daesoon Thought, Matteo Ricci is regarded highly as a Jongjang, 'religious leader,' (of Christianity). This paper deals with the life and philosophical/theological thought of Matteo Ricci as homo-religiosus from the perspective of phenomenology of religion. Examining his historical background and biographical sketch, I will analyze Ricci's understanding of God, humanity, and salvation and re-evaluate his relationship with Daesoon Thought. Matteo Ricci, born in Italy, became a Jesuit missionary to China and transmitted various products of western civilization. Accepting the pro-cultural approach of Jesuit mission, he applied it to Chinese culture and language by learning the Chinese language and regarding Chinese people as his friends. This was a sympathetic way to transmit Western religion and culture while on Chinese soil. He suggested eight reasons to look towards the future of China with optimism and taught Chinese people his Christian message through his indirect means of understanding and persuasion. In China, Jesuit missionaries called the Christian God 'Tianzhu (Cheonju in Sino-Korean),' meaning Lord of Heaven. Ricci identified the Confucian notion of 'Shangdi (Sangje in Sino-Korean),' meaning Supreme Emperor (or God) with Tianzhu. While translating Confucian scriptures, he found the common ground between Confucianism and Christianity to be the monotheism of ancient Confucianism. He criticized the concepts of God in Buddhism and Daoism, and justified the Christian doctrine of God by way of a Confucian understanding of deity. Ricci's understanding of humanity was based on his Christian faith in creation, and he criticized the Buddhist concept of transmigration. He proposed Christian ethics and doctrine of salvation by using discourse on the afterlife and in particular, the concepts of heaven and hell. Concerning the relationship between Daesoon Thought and Ricci, the following aspects should be examined: 1.) Ricci's contribution to the cultural exchanges between East and West, 2.) his peaceful approach to his mission based on dialogue and persuasion, 3.) the various activities conducted by Ricci as a Christian leader, and 4.) his belief in miraculous healings. His influence on Korea will likewise be explored. Ricci's ultimate aim was to communicate with Asian people and unify East and West under a singular worldview by emphasizing the similarities between the Christian and Confucian concepts of God.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

As local government is of great importance for the sake of advancement of the political system based on national participation in politics and recognition for autonomy, it is proper to appreciate the need and come up with strategies so that the local government can be successfully established and developed. Therefore, a survey was conducted among residents, civil officials, and local councils, who are the main bodies of local government. As a Jesuit, it turned out that there were problems in terms of specialty and integrity, that there are potential risks of local or group egoism, and that political indifference is getting intensified among some residents, and even they tend to avoid participation. This result indicates that there are needs for the establishment of the recognition and efforts for consistent reconsideration among participants.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-94
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• 2009

Understanding the present condition of Oriental traditional medicine in different country is demanded for the Korean Traditional Medicine to prepare his orientation in future. Also it is not possible to separate the present condition of OTM from history of oriental medicine as a whole. This is valid for the introduction of TCM in the west. The first information have arrived in Europe by the terrestrial and maritime travelers accounts. The diplomatic way, with special reference to Jesuit fathers, has brought cultural and theoretical precise data. The physicians of East India Company and, later, of expeditionary forces, have supplied with practical data. Five periods follow one another: 1) Period when the source reached and are used in Europe. This first step is intimately involved with the use and comparison of similar factor between the two medical systems ; 2) "Discovery" and use of needles ; 3) latent period when techniques coming from acupuncture source were developed ; 4) "Chinese Acupuncture" correctly speaking ; 5) modern period or investigating period, when Eastern and Western people are trying to correlate data of traditional medicine with those of western science. In particular the actual situation from 2000.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.85.2-85.2
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• 2014

The origin of the Korean Screen Planisphere with both Traditional and New Star-Charts, made by Korean Astronomers in the Royal Astronomical Bureau of the Joseon Dynasty by adopting the knowledge of the European astronomy, is investigated by analyzing its inscriptions and star charts. The considerations on both the changes in notations or representations of names of asterisms and the naming taboos used in the Old-style planisphere imply that the star-chart is originated from either the Sukjong-Stele-Replica of Cheonsang-Yeolcha-Punyajido(天象列次分野之圖). The New style planisphere is just the reproduction of Huangdao-congxingtu (黃道總星圖), with the exception of the non-Chinese-traditional stars. The Huangdao-congxingtu was made in 1723 CE by Ignatius K$\ddot{o}$gler who was a Jesuit missionary and worked for the Bureau of Astronomy (欽天監) in the Qing Dyansty. I find that the star chart was imported in 1742 CE from the Qing by An Gukrin (安國麟) who was an astronomer in the Royal Astronomical Bureau of Joseon. The chart became model for the screen star-chart made in 1743 CE and now housed in Bopju temple. I found that the inscriptions are extracted from the sentences in both Xinzhi Lingtai Yixiangzhi (新製靈臺儀象志) and Qinding Yixiangkaocheng (欽定儀象考成). Korean historical records in either Daily Records of the Royal Secretariat of the Joseon Dynasty (承政院日記) or Annals of the Joseonn Dynasty (朝鮮王朝實錄) show that Xinzhi Lingtai-Yixiangzhi was imported from the Qing Dynasty in 1708 CE, and the Qinding Yixiangkaocheng was imported in 1766 CE. Thus, the Korean Screen Planisphere with both Old and New Star-charts was certainly made after 1766 CE.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.50.3-50.3
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• 2018

2018년부터 한국천문학회 특별 사업단으로 교육, 홍보위원회에 해외교육지원단이 만들어졌다. 해외교육지원단은 지난 2년 동안 한국천문학회가 지원해오던 캄보디아 천문교육지원 활동을 확장하고 체계적인 운영을 목표로 만들어졌다. 먼저, 그동안의 활동에 대해 보고하고 좀 더 내실 있는 계획을 세우기 위해 천문학회 회원들의 의견과 조언을 듣고자 한다. 첫 번째 캄보디아 천문학 교육은 2016년 6월 13-24일(2주) 동안 수도 프롬펜에서 북서쪽, 차편으로 4시간 거리에 있는 뿌삿시 끄로압에서 이루어졌다. 초. 중등학생 50여명이 참여하여 망원경 조작 방법을 배우고, 종이 망원경과 카메라 만들기, 태양과 행성 관측, 축구공, 야구공, 풍선과 찰흙을 이용한 태양계 행성들 크기 비교, 별자리판 만들기와 천문학 여러 현상들에 대한 비디오 영상 보기와 같은 다양한 프로그램을 수행하였다. 두 번째 교육은 국립청소년우주센터와 캄보디아의 Xavier Jesuit School이 연계하여 2017년 4월 3-7일(5일) 동안 지역 중등과학교사 18명을 대상으로 천문교육을 진행하였다. 시간과 좌표, 간이 망원경 제작, 결상의 원리, 분광, 망원경의 조립과 분해 및 천체관측 등 천체관측과 관련된 내용을 위주로 교육을 진행하였다.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2022

Connectivity and knowledge are the main keywords of the IoT. In this paper, I analyzed how the two civilizations, Christianity and Islam, were connected through Mughal paintings and what result they have brought in the spread of knowledge. For that, I analyzed literature as well as paintings of those days. In terms of theme matter, Western painting was used as a means of strengthening the royal authority of the Mughal Emperor. In terms of style, perspective and shading from the Western Paintings began to be used in Mughal painting. Later, Christian symbols and themes were linked to absolute power of kingship, and further utilized them to develop into the concept of kingship = spirituality = divinity, creating an original art style that was unprecedented in the history of world painting. By analyzing the two disparate cultures in terms of 'connectivity' and 'knowledge' of the Internet of Things, such research could serve as a platform for future humanities research on the Internet of Things.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.237-266
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• 2009

In 1631 A.D. Jeong Duwon, an ambassador of the Joseon dynasty was sent to the Ming dynasty. There he met $Jo\tilde{a}o$ Rodrigues, a Jesuit missionary, in Dengzhou of Shandong peninsula. The missionary gave the ambassador a number of results of latest European innovations. A detailed description on this event was written in 'Jeong's official report regarding a message from an European country'(西洋國奇別狀啓), which is an important literature work to understand the event. Since the document was written in classical Chinese, we make a comprehensive translation to Korean with detailed notes. According to the report, the items that Rodrigues presented include four books written in Chinese that describe European discoveries about the world, a report on the tribute of new cannons manufactured by Portuguese in Macao, a telescope, a flintlock, a Foliot-type mechanical clock, a world atlas drawn by Matteo Ricci, an astronomical planisphere, and a sun-dial. We discuss the meaning of each item in the Korean history of science and technology. In particular, Jeong's introduction is an important event in the history of Korean astronomy, because the telescope he brought was the first one to be introduced in Korean history. Even though king Injo and his associates of the Joseon dynasty were well aware of the value as military armaments of new technologies such as telescopes, cannons, and flintlocks, they were not able to quickly adopt such technologies to defend against the military threat of Jurchen. We revisit the reason in view of the general history of science and technology of east-Asian countries in the 17th century.