• Toxicological Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.133-136
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• 1995

HRccine(HFRS-virus vaccine) was administered subcutaneously or intragastrically to Spargue Dawley rats and subcutaneously to Japanese white rabbits to investigate the acute toxicity. $LD_50$ values were above 600 times the expected clinical dose in both animals. There were no differences in body weight changes, clinical signs and autopsy findings between all treated groups and control group in both animals. Therefore, it was concluded that HRccine is a very safe substance.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.157-160
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• 1997

The primary skin and eye irritancy of the combined vaccine (KGCC-95VI) for the prophylaxis against Japanese encephalitis and Hantaan virus infection recently developed by Korea Green Cross Corporation was investigated. The KGCC-95VI was applied to the back skins of the New Zealand White rabbits. The rabbits were observed for 72 hours and did not exhibit erythema, eschar and edema. The eyes of the rabbits were exposed to the KGCC-95VI. The rabbits were observed for 7 days and did not exhibit any ocular findings on cornea, iris and conjuntivae. The KGCC-95VI is considered not to have the primary skin and eye toxicity in rabbits.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.34-41
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• 1998

Noninvasive low intensity ultrasound has been shown to be an effective means of accelerating bone fracture repair in both animal and clinical studies. The effects of ultrasound stimulation on bone repair after fibular osteotomy were assessed in a rabbit fibular fracture model. Bilateral closed fibular fractures were made in skeletally mature male White Japanese rabbits. In this study, 24 subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental group 1 (n=12), and experimental group 2 (n=12). Experimental group 1 received 0.875 MHz continuous ultrasound and Experimental group 2 was treated with 3 MHz continuous u1trasound. The ultrasound intensity was 50 $mW/cm^2$ and treatment time was 10 minutes for every session in both groups. In each rabbit, one fibula served as a control and the other was subjected to ultrasound treatment 5 times per week for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, rabbits were sacrificed and the ratios of the area between the trabeculae and bone marrow of the fibulae were calculated. At the end of the experimental period, 14 of the 24 rabbits were excluded due to complications from surgery or inadequate fracture status for this study. There was no statistically significant difference in the trabeculae area between experimental leg and control leg in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 (p>0.05). And there was also no statistic-statistically significant difference between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 according to ultrasound treatment frequencies, 0.875 MHz and 3 MHz (p>0.05). These data suggest that in Japanese white rabbits, low intensity ultrasound stimulation does not facilitate fracture repair nor is there any difference in fracture repair results between ultrasound frequencies, 0.875 MHz and 3 MHz.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 1997

The subacute toxicity of the combined vaccine (KGCC-95VI) for the prophylaxis against Japanese encephalitis and Hantaan virus infection, recently developed by Korea Green Cross Corporation, was investigated. KGCC-95VI was subcutaneously administered into the both sexes of New Zealand White rabbits at the dosage of 0, 10. 50 and 250 ml/kg body weight (20, 100 and 500 times the expected clincal dose) once a day for 30 days. There were no deaths and clinical findings during the experiment period. In both sexes. there were no statistically significant differences between the treated and control groups in urinalysis tests, hematological tests, blood chemistry tests and pathological examinations. The KGCC-95VI is considered not to have the subacute toxicity in the rabbits.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.275-279
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• 1997

The acute toxicity of the combined vaccine (KGCC-95VI) for the prophylaxis against Japanese encephalitis and Hantaan virus infection. recently developed by Korea Green Cross Corporation, was investigated. KGCC-95VI was administered to the Balb /c mice in two routes, orally and subcutaneously, and into the New Zealand White rabbits subcutaneously. $LD_{50}$ was not accessible as there were no deaths in the group treated even at a dose 800 times the expected clinical dose in both animal species. Between the treated and control groups there were no statistically significant differences in body weight changes and clinical signs during the 14-day observation period, and no pathological gross findings. Accordingly KGCC-95VI is considered not to have the acute toxicity in mice and rabbits.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.307-310
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• 1997

The local irritation study (skin & occular irritation tests) of CJ-50001, a rG-CSF (recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor) was performed in Japanese White rabbits. CJ-50001 was administered at a dose of 150 $\mu\textrm{g}$/rabbit (300$\mu\textrm{g}$ /ml, 0.5 ml) to the bare skin and at a dose of 30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/rabbit (300 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 0.1 ml) to the conjunctival sac of the eye, respectively. In these experiments, there were no clinical signs which were related to CJ-50001 compared with control group. In conclusion, CJ-50001 doesn't have any irritating activity to skin and eye as 0.03% solution.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.166-176
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• 2020

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of L-arginine (L-Arg) and N-carbamoylglutamic acid (NCG) on the growth, metabolism, immunity and community of cecal bacterial flora of weanling and young rabbits. Methods: Eighteen normal-grade male weanling Japanese White rabbits (JWR) were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with or without L-Arg and NCG supplementation. The whole feeding process was divided into weanling stage (day 37 to 65) and young stage (day 66 to 85). The effects of L-Arg and NCG on the growth, metabolism, immunity and development of the ileum and jejunum were compared via nutrient metabolism experiments and histological assessment. The different communities of cecal bacterial flora affected by L-Arg and NCG were assessed using high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis. Results: The addition of L-Arg and NCG enhanced the growth of weanling and young rabbit by increasing the nitrogen metabolism, protein efficiency ratio, and biological value, as well as feed intake and daily weight gain. Both L-Arg and NCG increased the concentration of immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgM, and IgG. NCG was superior to L-Arg in promoting intestinal villus development by increasing villus height, villus height/crypt depth index, and reducing the crypt depth. The effects of L-Arg and NCG on the cecal bacterial flora were mainly concentrated in different genera, including Parabacteroides, Roseburia, dgA-11_gut_group, Alistipes, Bacteroides, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005. These bacteria function mainly in amino acid transport and metabolism, energy production and conversion, lipid transport and metabolism, recombination and repair, cell cycle control, cell division, and cell motility. Conclusion: L-Arg and NCG can promote the growth and immunity of weanling and young JWR, as well as effecting the jejunum and ileum villi. L-Arg and NCG have different effects in the promotion of nutrient utilization, relieving inflammation and enhancing adaptability through regulating microbial community.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.301-305
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• 2016

In order to determine the effect of various hosts on feeding performance of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, we used 3 mammalian species as hosts, cattle (Qinchuan), sheep (Tan), and rabbits (Japanese white rabbit) for infesting ticks. Five hundreds of R. microplus larvae were exposed to each animal (3 animals/host species). Tick recoveries were 11.0%, 0.47%, and 5.5% from cattle, sheep, and rabbits, respectively. The averages of tick feeding periods were not significantly different on cattle, sheep, and rabbits, 28.8, 25.3, and 26.7 days, respectively. The average weights of individual engorged female from cattle, sheep, and rabbits were 312.5, 219.1, and 130.2 mg, respectively and those of egg mass weights each to 85.0, 96.6, and 17.8 mg. The highest egg hatching rate was in the ticks from cattle (96.0%), followed by those from rabbits (83.0%) and sheep (19.2%). These data suggest that rabbits could be as an alternative host to cultivate R. microplus for evaluating vaccines and chemical and biological medicines against the tick in the laboratory, although the biological parameters of ticks were less than those from cattle.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-96
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects on the healing of fibular fractures in rabbits of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$) applied for periods of 4, 14 and 24 days following fibular osteotomy. Thirty-six male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of twelve for three treatment protocols: (1) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 4th day following fibular osteotomy, (2) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 14th day following fibular osteotomy, and (3) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 24th day following fibular osteotomy. The low-intensity pulsed ultrasound was applied to only one fibula of each rabbit (these served as the experimental group). The other fibula of each rabbit served as the control group. The selection of which fibula was to be treated was made randomly. The animals were sacrificed on the 4th, 14th and 24th day after the start of ultrasound treatments. Percent of trabecular bone area and fibular radiography were carried out to compare the degree of fibular bone healing. A microscope was also used to determine any histologic changes. For statistical differences in radiological changes due to length of treatment period (4, 14 and 24 days respectively), the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to compare the experimental and control groups. For statistical differences in fracture healing due to differences in ultrasound intensity, radiological studies were compared using the Mann-Whitney Test. And, to compute percentage differences in areas of trabecular bone, Two-way analysis of variance (ultrasound intensity x each group) was used. Experiment results were as follows: 1. In animals sacrificed on the 4th day, no difference was found in the radiological studies of the fibulae in the experimental and control groups (p>.05). However, experimental groups showed more rapid bone repair than control group. 2. Both radiographic and percent of trabecular bone area studies showed significant differences in rabbits sacrificed after 14 days. Fracture healing was significantly increased in the experimental group (p<.05) 3. In the animals sacrificed on the 24th day, histologic study showed rapid bone repair but fibular radiologic studies did not show statistical differences between the two groups (p>.05). 4. On the 14th day, bone union on radiograph was significantly more rapid in the treatment group with pulsed ultrasound of 50 $mW/cm^2$ than the group with 500 $mW/cm^2$ (p<.05). Histologic studies showed that both the 14 and 24 days groups had more rapid bone repair in animals treated with 50 $mW/cm^2$ ultrasound intensity than those treated with 500 $mW/cm^2$ intensity. In conclusion, it has been shown that the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has a positive effect on bone fracture healing in the early stage and the range of pulse ultrasound from 50 $mW/cm^2$ to 500 $mW/cm^2$ is effective for fracture healing. Further study is needed to investigate the influence of pulsed ultrasound on delayed union and non-union in bone fractures and also for the clinical use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for bone healing in humans.