• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2010

An ionospheric error simulation is needed for creating precise Global Positioning System (GPS) signal using GPS simulator. In this paper we developed Klobuchar coefficients n ${\alpha}_n$ and ${\beta}_n$ (n = 1, 2, 3, 4) generation algorithms for simulator and verified accuracy of the algorithm. The algorithm extract those Klobuchar coefficients from broadcast (BRDC) messages provided by International GNSS Service during three years from 2006 through 2008 and curve-fit them with sinusoidal and linear functions or constant. The generated coefficients from our developed algorithms are referred to as MODL coefficients, while those coefficients from BRDC messages are named as BRDC coefficients. The maximum correlation coefficient between MODL and BRDC coefficients was found for ${\alpha}_2$ and the value was 0.94. On the other hand, the minimum correlation was 0.64 for the case of ${\alpha}_1$. We estimated vertical total electron content using the Klobuchar model with MODL coefficients, and compared the result with those from the BRDC model and global ionosphere maps. As a result, the maximum RMS was 3.92 and 7.90 TECU, respectively.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.65-82
• /
• 2021

For the vast majority of geostationary satellites currently in orbit, station keeping activities including orbit determination and maneuver planning and execution are ground-directed and dependent on the availability of ground-based satellite control personnel and facilities. However, a requirement linked to satellite autonomy and survivability in cases of interrupted ground support is often one of the stipulated provisions on the satellite platform design. It is especially important for a geostationary military-purposed satellite to remain within its designated orbital window, in order to provide reliable uninterrupted telecommunications services, in the absence of ground-based resources due to warfare or other disasters. In this paper we investigate factors affecting the robustness of a geostationary satellite's orbit in terms of the maximum duration the satellite's station keeping window can be maintained without ground intervention. By comparing simulations of orbit evolution, given different initial conditions and operations strategies, a variation of parameters study has been performed and we have analyzed which factors the duration is most sensitive to. This also provides valuable insights into which factors may be worth controlling by a military or civilian geostationary satellite operator. Our simulations show that the most beneficial factor for maximizing the time a satellite will remain in the station keeping window is the operational practice of pre-emptively loading East-West station keeping maneuvers for automatic execution on board the satellite should ground control capability be lost. The second most beneficial factor is using short station keeping maneuver cycle durations.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2023

The Standard Model (SM) does not provide an information for 26% of dark matter of the universe. In the dark sector, dark matter is supposed to be linked with the hypothetical particles called dark photons that have similar role to photons in electromagnetic interaction in the SM. Besides astronomical observation, there are studies to find dark matter candidates using accelerators. In this paper, we searched for dark photons using future electron-positron colliders, including Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC)/CEPC, Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee)/Innovative Detector for Electron-positron Accelerator (IDEA), and International Linear Collider (ILC)/International Large Detector (ILD). Using the parameterized response of the detector simulation of Delphes, we studied the sensitivity of a double dark photon mode at each accelerator/detector. The signal mode is double dark photon decay channel, e⁺e^- → A'A', where A' (dark photon with spin 1) decaying into a muon pair. We used MadGraph5 to generate Monte Carlo (MC) events by means of a Simplified Model. We found the dark photon mass at which the cross-sections were the highest for each accelerator to obtain the maximum number of events. In this paper we show the expected number of dark photon signal events and the detector efficiency of each accelerator. The results of this study can facilitate in the dark photon search by future electron-positron accelerators.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.75-92
• /
• 2016

It is generally believed that the high energy emissions from isolated pulsars are emitted from relativistic electrons/positrons accelerated in outer magnetospheric accelerators (outergaps) via a curvature radiation mechanism, which has a simple exponential cut-off spectrum. However, many gamma-ray pulsars detected by the Fermi LAT (Large Area Telescope) cannot be fitted by simple exponential cut-off spectrum, and instead a sub-exponential is more appropriate. It is proposed that the realistic outergaps are non-stationary, and that the observed spectrum is a superposition of different stationary states that are controlled by the currents injected from the inner and outer boundaries. The Vela and Geminga pulsars have the largest fluxes among all targets observed, which allows us to carry out very detailed phase-resolved spectral analysis. We have divided the Vela and Geminga pulsars into 19 (the off pulse of Vela was not included) and 33 phase bins, respectively. We find that most phase resolved spectra still cannot be fitted by a simple exponential spectrum: in fact, a sub-exponential spectrum is necessary. We conclude that non-stationary states exist even down to the very fine phase bins.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2003

위성을 설계함에 있어 질량제어 계획을 작성하고 질량자료를 유지하며 시스템의 질량특성을 계산하고 제어하는 것은 기계 시스템 담당자가 수행하는 임무 중에 하나이다. 위성의 질량특성은 자료수집, 특성예측 그리고 실제 측정의 순서로 설계 및 제작이 진행됨에 따라 수행된다. 질량특성 데이터베이스는 설계과정을 통하여 작성하게 되며 질량특성 측정 시험을 수행하여 데이터베이스의 신뢰성을 확인할 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 위성에서의 질량 제어계획의 일반적인 내용과 시스템 수준의 질량중심 및 관성 모멘트 계산과 관련된 여러 가지 구체적인 사항을 고려한 이론적 질량 특성 데이터베이스를 개발하고, 다목적실용위성 2호 개발을 수행하면서 얻게 된 실제적인 자료와 경험을 토대로 본 연구에서 개발된 데이터베이스의 신뢰성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.119-134
• /
• 2021

The data set collected during the night of the discovery of a minor body constitutes a too-short arc (TSA), resulting in failure of the differential correction procedure. This makes it necessary to recover the object during subsequent nights to gather more observations that will allow a preliminary orbit to be calculated. In this work, we present a recovery technique based on sampling the admissible region (AdRe) by the constrained Delaunay triangulation. We construct the AdRe in its topocentric and geocentric variants, using logarithmic and exponential metrics, for the following near-Earth-asteroids: (3122) Florence, (3200) Phaethon, 2003 GW, (1864) Daedalus, 2003 BH84 and 1977 QQ5; and the main-belt asteroids: (1738) Oosterhoff, (4690) Strasbourg, (555) Norma, 2006 SO375, 2003 GE55 and (32811) Apisaon. Using our sampling technique, we established the ephemeris region for these objects, using intervals of observation from 25 minutes up to 2 hours, with propagation times from 1 up to 47 days. All these objects were recoverable in a field of vision of 95' × 72', except for (3122) Florence and (3200) Phaethon, since they were observed during their closest approach to the Earth. In the case of 2006 SO375, we performed an additional test with only two observations separated by 2 minutes, achieving a recovery of up to 28 days after its discovery, which demonstrates the potential of our technique.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.491-500
• /
• 2005

세계 각국은 국제적으로 통일된 시각동기 체계를 따르고 있으며 국가표준시 유지를 위하여 GPS(Global Positioning System)를 활용하고 있다. 현재 국내 GPS 기반 시각동기 연구는 코드데이터와 방송궤도력을 사용하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 보다 정확한 시계오차 추출을 위하여 반송파위상 데이터를 사용하였으며, 방송궤도력 뿐만 아니라 정밀궤도력, 신속궤도력, 그리고 초신속궤도력을 사용하였다. 정밀궤도력을 사용하여 산출된 시계오차를 참값으로 가정하였을 때, 신속궤도력과 초신속궤도력의 경우 약 0.5ns의 정밀도를 나타내었으며, 방송궤도력의 경우는 2ns 이하의 정밀도를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2002

MCP(microchannel plate)와 지연산 양극판(delay line anode), 그리고 지연선 검출회로로 구성되는, 원자외선 분광기 에 사용될 2차원 지연선(delay line) 방식 의 위 치 검출기 (position sensitive detector)를 설계하고 그 중 지연선 검출회로를 제작하여 동작 및 분해능에 대한 시험을 수행하였다. 이 시험에서는 검출회로의 고유한 분해능을 확인하기 위하여 MCP와 양극판은 각파 특성이 잘 알려진 스티뮬레이션(stimulator)와 양극판 시뮬레이터(anode simulator)로 대체되었다. 제작된 검출회로는 안정적으로 동작하였으며 분광 및 영상 축 방향으로 각각 약 570ps와 약 100ps의 시간 분해능을 가지는 것을 확인하였다

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 2014

Recently, cave candidates have been discovered on other planets besides the Earth, such as the Moon and Mars. When we go to other planets, caves could be possible human habitats providing natural protection from cosmic threats. In this study, seven cave candidates have been found on Pavonis Mons and Ascraeus Mons in Tharsis Montes on Mars. The cave candidates were selected using the images of the Context Camera (CTX) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). The Context Camera could provide images with the high resolution of 6 meter per pixel. The diameter of the candidates ranges from 50 to 100m. Cushing et al. (2007) have analyzed the temperature change at daytime and nighttime using the Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) for the sites of potential cave candidates. Similarly, we have examined the temperature change at daytime and at nighttime for seven cave candidates using the method of Cushing et al. (2007). Among those, only one candidate showed a distinct temperature change. However, we cannot verify a cave based on the temperature change only and further study is required for the improvement of this method to identify caves more clearly.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.321-326
• /
• 2013

The modulation transfer function (MTF) is a widely used indicator in assessments of remote-sensing image quality. This MTF method is also used to restore information to a standard value to compensate for image degradation caused by atmospheric or satellite jitter effects. In this study, we evaluated MTF values as an image quality indicator for the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI). GOCI was launched in 2010 to monitor the ocean and coastal areas of the Korean peninsula. We evaluated in-orbit MTF value based on the GOCI image having a 500-m spatial resolution in the first time. The pulse method was selected to estimate a point spread function (PSF) with an optimal natural target such as a Seamangeum Seawall. Finally, image restoration was performed with a Wiener filter (WF) to calculate the PSF value required for the optimal regularization parameter. After application of the WF to the target image, MTF value is improved 35.06%, and the compensated image shows more sharpness comparing with the original image.