• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.603-616
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the subjective opinions of first-generation Korean-Americans about survival. Methods: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. The 34 selected Q-statements from each of 38 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL/WIN program. Results: Four types of survival attitudes from 38 first-generation Korean-Americans were identified. Type I was a satisfaction type based on belief, Type II was an effort type based on purpose, Type III was an isolation type based on ethnicity, and Type IV was a compromise type based on adaptation. Results of this study indicate that approaches to a minority's survival strategies need to be differentiated taking this typology and various subject characteristics into account. Conclusion: This information may provide a basic understanding for healthcare providers who work with first-generation Korean-Americans.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.133-138
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• 2005

This study is about the description method & scope of maintenability in window components which have been applied to the remodelling work in Apartment Housing. Already we did established the maintenability performance index through the preceding research in recent. It is defined as changeability, prefabrication, coordination. and capacity of performance preservation. As the results of analysys on the performance information that is reported by catalog & internet media, the ratio of adaptation as a maintenabilty performance was revealed to percentage of 11(11%). And as the respects of represented content, majority of the performance information only have dealt with advertising-effect, rather than physical performance make easy to change and separat.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.47-65
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to study and propose playground facilities for physically challenged children to cultivate adaptability in society and advances the opportunity of participate in physical exercise. This study carried out site investigations by visiting and inspecting various facilities: a recreational walking path for physically challenged people, a care facility for physically challenged children, a special school for physically challenged children, and "Madel Park", a private-use playground for physically challenged children. The result of the site investigation found that, overall, play facilities are difficult to use for physically challenged children. In addition, because park space is often small and narrow, children who are restricted to wheelchairs find it impossible to access such facilities. By carefully inspecting each of the facilities, the author found suitable elements to apply for outside play space. These elements include the introduction of an essential slope way to allow for safe movement, the provision of special seats which support the body to outside play equipment and the adaptation of treatment room instruments that assist balance to outdoor playground facilities. On the basis of the site investigation the interview and the indoor education program for physically challenged children the author completed an outside play program. Each item in this program was classified as belonging to either a "sense play" program or and "exercise play" program. Finally, the author designed suitable play equipment for physically challenged children corresponding to each item in the exercise programs in order to research the appropriateness of the equipment to its intended use. This research is the first step. From this point the author expects that specific applications will be developed through a practical space plan and sufficient clinical experiments involving use of the new equipment.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2002

정부는 지난 4년간 14,186건의 규제 중 8.121건(57.2%)을 폐지하고 6,065건(42.8%)을 개선하는 등 행정규제를 폐지ㆍ개선하는데 중점을 두고 규제개혁을 추진해 왔다. 이러한 규제개혁의 성과에도 불구하고 관료들의 행태 변화가 뒷받침되지 못하거나, 이해관계 집단의 반발로 인하여 규제개혁 체감도는 이에 미치지 못한다는 비판이 있다. 이에 앞으로는 규제개혁을 지속적으로 추진함은 물론 일반국민ㆍ기업ㆍ집행공무원이 규제의 내용을 명확히 이해하고 준수할 수 있도록 다각적인 규제순응 관리대책을 마련한다는 필요성에 의해 본 연구가 진행되었다. 본 연구에서는 “건축허가 동의 및 사용승인 동의”등의 현황을 파악하고, 규제자집단, 피규제집단, 전문가집단을 대상으로 행정 규제를 제대로 인식하고 있는지, 또한 인정하고 준수하는지 등을 종합적ㆍ체계적으로 분석하여 소방규제의 제고방안을 제시하여 소방행정의 정책수립에 참고자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2002년도 정기총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.139-143
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• 2002

1990 년대 후반부터 다양한 디지털 통신망을 이용하여 멀티미디어 컨텐츠 서비스가 가능하게 되었다. 하지만, 멀티미디어 컨텐츠의 전달 및 이용을 위한 기반 구조들의 독자적 발전 및 다양한 통합적 관리 체계 시스템으로 인해, 멀티미디어 컨텐츠 표현 방식의 호환성 문제, 혼재하는 네트워크 전달 방식과 단말 방식의 호환성 문제 등의 잠재적인 문제점이 발생한다. 이런 문제의 대안으로 현재 존재하는 기술 및 기반 구조들 사이의 연동을 통한 큰 프레임워크인 MPEG-21이 진행 중이다. MPEG-21 의 목표는 표준화 목표를 구체화하는 것부터 진행하여, 최종적으로 “다양한 네트워크 환경과 단말기에 있어서, 투명하고 통합적으로 멀티미디어 자원의 이용을 가능하게 하는 것”이다. 본 논문에서는 현재 표준화 작업이 진행 중인 MPEG-21 을 기반으로 하는 Testbed를 제안한다. Testbed는 server, client, DIA(Digital Item Adaptation) 의 세 모듈로 구성된다. Server 의 역할은 멀티미디어 컨텐츠를 Digital Item(DI)으로 생성하고, client 가 DI를 요구할 경우 DIA 모듈을 통해서 변환된 DI를 client 에게 제공한다. DIA 모듈은 server 에서 동작되며 client로부터 요청된 DI를 분석하고 client로부터 전송된 환경 정보를 이용하여 client 환경에 적합하게 변환된 (adapted) DI를 생성하는 것이 주 기능이다. Client 는 server 에 저장되어 있는 DI를 선택하고 user preference, terminal capability 등의 필요한 정보를 server로 전송한다. Testbed 에서는 스포츠 경기의 동영상, 정지 영상, 경기 내용 역사를 기록한 파일 등의 DI를 이용한다. 표현 언어는 XML이며, HTTP 기반의 Web 환경에서 구동되도록 설계된다.스템 사이에 의미 있는 데이터 전송, 지식 획득을 위해 정보 기술 분야에서 활용해야 할 영역으로 XML Web Services, Multi-agent Systems, 전문가 컴뮤니티를 위한 그룹웨어 연구 개발에 관해 사례 중심으로 발표한다.다 신선한 공기를 넣어 주었을 때는 배의 발달이 많이 늦어져 배양 3주째에 다른 처리보다 배의 수가 훨씬 적었다. 체세포배가 발달하는 동안에는 산소를 많이 요구하지 않으나 성숙하는 동안에는 산소를 많이 요구하는 것으로 생각된다.적인 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 곡선형은 물론 직선형에서도 열교환 튜브의 배치밀도, 튜브 길이 및 두께 등의 변화에 따른 최적화 연구가 수반되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.에서 제공된 API는 객체기반 제작/편집 도구에 응용되어 다양한 멀티미디어 컨텐츠 제작에 사용되었다.x factorization (NMF), generative topographic mapping (GTM)의 구조와 학습 및 추론알고리즘을소개하고 이를 DNA칩 데이터 분석 평가 대회인 CAMDA-2000과 CAMDA-2001에서 사용된cancer diagnosis 문제와 gene-drug dependency analysis 문제에 적용한 결과를 살펴본다.0$\mu$M이 적당하며, 초기배발달을 유기할 때의 효과적인 cysteamine의 농도는 25~50$\mu$M인 것으로 판단된다.N)A(N)/N을 제시하였다(A(N)=N에 대한 A값). 위의 실험식을 사용하여 헝가리산 Zempleni 시료(15%$S_{XRD}$)의 기본입자분포로부터 %$S_{XRD}$를 계산한 결과, 16%$S_{XRD}$의 결과값을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 도출한 관계식들이 유효함을 확인할 수 있었다.계식들이 유효함을 확인할 수 있었다.할 때 약간의 증가

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.86-96
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• 1998

Newborn period is a transitional stage for independent adaptation from intrauterine to extrauterine life by maintaining respiration, temperature and nutrition. In general, the adaptability of the newborn is proportional to the gestational age(GA), so knowing the accurate GA is critical to develop nursing process in the newborn nursery. A newborn ma turity rating, a Ballard examination, has been used to measure GA by assessing the maturity of new-born. It consists a total of 12 items, which is the 6 items for the neuromuscular maturity and the 6 items for the physical maturity A total of 75 new-born were assessed for the maturity and GA using the Ballard examination. The results are follows : 1) The score of each item of Ballard examination is propotional to GA using the Ballard examination as well as LMP. 2) There was a greater positive relationship between neuromuscular, physical and total maturity, and the GA measured by Ballard examination, than the GA measured by LMP. 3) Any stressful environment to the newborn could influence to the maturity of newborn. In summary, the study showed the Ballard examination Is more reliable and clincially feasible method to measure the accurate G4 compared to the GA by LMP. Therefore, it suggests the application of Ballard examination to measure the new born maturity and GA is beneficial in developing nursing process. The expansion of the study with the variety of the subject characteristics nil on hance the clinical applicability of the examination.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.93-115
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• 2010

Objectives: This study intends to understand the difference of social support levels and the relationship between social support the health status, college adjustment and academic achievement in the college student. Methods: Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaire of 416 college student. We measured the demographic characteristics, social support (tangible support, appraisal support, belonging support, self-esteem support), health status (36-item short-form health survey(SF-36), center for epidemiologic studies-depression(CES-D), perceived stress scale(PSS)), student adaptation to college questionnaire(SACQ), average grades point. Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA test, pearson correlation analysis were used for analysis factors relation of the social support of the college students. Results: In considering the degree of social support by the demographic characteristics in the college students, the social support was better for the female college students. In considering the relation between social support and health status, the students who get better social support, were good in health depression and perceived stress status. When they got better social support their college adjustment and academic achievement were good. The result was statistically significant. Conclusions: Social support for students has great influence on health, college adjustment and academic achievement of students. Psychological aspects of students should be included in the strategy of social support for students.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a resilience measurement scale and verify its validity and reliability. Methods: This was a methodological study. The preliminary items of the scale were derived from literature reviews and in-depth interviews. The data were collected from October 30, 2017 to January 20, 2018, and paramedics working in hospitals or fire departments were selected using convenience sampling. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 213 paramedics in Korea. Results: Through content validity, item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, a total of 6 factors and 26 items were extracted, and the total variance was 67.12%. Factor 1 was "self-efficacy" (11 items), factor 2 was "internal control" (5 items), factor 3 was "empowerment" (2 items), factor 4 was "interpersonal capability", (3 items), factor 5 was "social support" (2 items), and factor 6 was "adaptation and coping" (3 items). Conclusion: This is the first scale developed in Korea to measure the resilience of paramedics. In future, this scale of this study will contribute to developing a resilience improvement program based on understanding the resilience level of paramedics.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2006년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.2 (B)
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• pp.535-538
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• 2006

디지털 기술이 급격하게 발전함에 따라서 사용자들은 더 현실감을 느낄 수 있고 능동적으로 상호작용 할 수 있는 방송을 원하게 되었다. 최근 들어서 삼차원 다시점 방송이 이러한 것을 만족시키는 서비스로서 많은 관심을 받으면서 두각 되고 있다. 일반적으로 서버에 입력되는 모든 영상들은 전부 클라이언트로 전송되게 된다. 이후에 사용자는 전체 시점 중에서 몇 개의 시점을 골라서 보게 된다. 하지만 이러한 종류의 시스템은 클라이언트와 서버 모두가 막대한 처리 능력을 필요로 하게 되고 이것은 응용 프로그램을 구현하는데 있어서 어려운 문제가 된다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해서 두 개의 시점을 선택하여 클라이언트로 전송하는 간략한 방법이 사용 가능하다. 본 논문의 시점 선택 과정은 MPEG-21 DIA (Digital Item Adaptation)와 융합되어있기 때문에 우리의 시스템은 MPEG-21 멀티미디어 프레임워크와 완벽하게 호환된다. 그리고 다시점 카메라와 시스템에 대한 XML 형식의 다시점 명세서를 최초로 소개한다. 마지막으로 우리는 다시점 입체 영상을 시청하는 동안에 사용자가 느낄 수 있는 불편함을 최소화 하는 방법으로 IVR (Intermediate View Reconstruction) 제안한다.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.259-267
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• 2007

This paper sets forth the phenomenon of Contrastive Reduplication (CR) in English relevant to the notion of contrastive focus (CF). CF differs from other reduplicative patterns in that rather than the general intensive function, denotation of a more prototypical and default meaning of a lexical item appears from the reduplicated form resulting as a semantic contrast with the meaning of the non-reduplicated word. Thus, CR is in concordance with CF under the concept of contrastivity. However, much of the previous works on CF associated contrastivity with a manufacture of a set of alternatives taking a semantic approach. We claim that a recent discourse-pragmatic account takes advantage of explaining the vague contrast in informativeness of CR. Zimmermann's (2006) Contrastive Focus Hypothesis characterizes contrastivity in the sense of speaker's assumptions about the hearer's expectation of the focused element. This approach makes possible adaptation to CR and recovers the possible subsets of meaning of a reduplicated form in a more refined way showing contrastivity in informativeness. Additionally, CR in other languages along with similar set-limiting phenomenon in various languages will be introduced in general.