• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2008

Data mining is defined as the process of discovering meaningful and useful pattern in large volumes of data. In particular, finding associations rules between items in a database of customer transactions has become an important thing. Some data structures and algorithms had been proposed for storing meaningful information compressed from an original database to find frequent itemsets since Apriori algorithm. Though existing method find all association rules, we must have a lot of process to analyze association rules because there are too many rules. In this paper, we propose a new data structure, called a Frequent Pattern Network (FPN), which represents items as vertices and 2-itemsets as edges of the network. In order to utilize FPN, We constitute FPN using item's frequency. And then we use a clustering method to group the vertices on the network into clusters so that the intracluster similarity is maximized and the intercluster similarity is minimized. We generate association rules based on clusters. Our experiments showed accuracy of clustering items on the network using confidence, correlation and edge weight similarity methods. And We generated association rules using clusters and compare traditional and our method. From the results, the confidence similarity had a strong influence than others on the frequent pattern network. And FPN had a flexibility to minimum support value.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.74-96
• /
• 2002

The objectives of this study is to suggest the rectifying sampling inspection plan considering quality cost. Limiting quality level(LQL) plans(also called LTPD plans) and outgoing quality(OQ) plans are considered. The Hald's linear cost model is discussed with and without a beta prior for the distribution of the fraction of nonconforming items in a lot. It is assumed that the sampling inspection is error free. We consider the design of reliability acceptance sampling plan (RASP) for failure rate level qualification at selected confidence level. The lifetime distribution of products is assumed to be exponential. MIL-STD-690C and K C 6032 standards provide this procedures. But these procedures have some questions to apply in the field. The cost of test and confidence level(1-$\beta$ risk) are the problem between supplier and user. So, we suggest that the optimal life test sampling inspection plans using simple linear cost model considering product cost, capability of environment chamber, environmental test cost, and etc. Especially, we consider a reliability of lots that contain some nonconforming items. In this case we assumed that a nonconforming item fail after environmental life test. Finally, we develope the algorithm of the optimal sampling inspection plan based on minimum costs for rectifying inspection and RASP. And computer application programs are developed So, it is shown how the desired sampling plan can be easily found.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.741-750
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to develop a role conflict scale for nurses in hospitals. The process of study was as follows. The first step was the study of selected literature on role conflict in general and to translate into Korean language the role conflict and ambiguity scale developed by House. From this process, a scale for role conflict inventory-general was made by consulting with two professors majored in educational evaluation and one professor who is an authory on educational administration. In the second step, 24 clinical nurses were asked to describe the situations having job-related role conflict. In the third step, the role conflict inventory-specific was derived from the role conflict inventory -general, and data selected from the step two. The confidence and clarity of this role conflict inventory-specific was strengthed by consulting one clinical psychologist, two professors of nursing college and ten doctoral students of nursing. With this tool being tested, the results are summarized as follows. 1. Reliability Internal consistency reliability was tested by cronbach alpha, corrected item total correlation and correlation matrix. The cronbach alpha level was .94 and one item among 37 items was below .35 and the rest items were .42 above in the corrected item total correlation. There was no negative correlation in the correlation matrix. 2. Construct validity In the construct validity test, four factors have an eigen value 1.0 over, Factor 1 represented role ambiguity, composed of 15 items with .90 reliability level. Factor 2 represented deficiency of ability and skill, composed of 11 items with .90 of reliability level. Factor 3 represented working environment, composed of 6 items with .85 of reliability level. Final factor represented deficiency of job-related collaboration, composed of 5 items with .69 reliability level. These results contribute to measuring the level of role conflict for nurses, and to the managment of the nurses' role conflict.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.649-659
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyse students' achievement of 'Earth Science' in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat(TIMSS-R), which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. Korean 8th grade students' achievement of 'Earth Science' was compared with those of other countries and other content areas in science. Average percent correct of items in each subcategory was also analysed. Most of the 'Earth Science' topics were included in the intended curricula of Korea; they were taught to most of the students in science classes. Korean students ' average scale score of 'Earth Science' was significantly higher than the international average, but in comparison with other science content areas, achievement of 'Earth Science' was relatively low. The teachers' confidence in teaching earth science was lower than their confidence in teaching other science areas. The paper presents the results of item analysis and their implications for science education.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.318-327
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare confidence in practice of intermittent gavage tube feeding and participants' satisfaction by three types of feedback; professor verbal feedback, professor feedback with smartphone video, and peer feedback with smartphone video. In addition, frequently failed items in the intermittent gavage tube feeding procedure were analyzed. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 78 nursing college students in November 2014. Students were randomly assigned to the control group, experimental group I (smartphone video with professor feedback) or group II (smartphone video with peer feedback). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including chi-square test, ANOVA, and Scheffe test with SPSS 21.0. Results: Confidence in practice of intermittent gavage tube feeding and satisfaction with feedback were highest in experimental group I that had professor feedback with smartphone video. For the procedure, the most frequently failed item was giving an explanation to patients about the purpose and the procedure of tube feeding. Conclusion: The results indicate that professor verbal feedback with smartphone video is the most benefit to the nursing students in acquiring core nursing practice skills.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 1996

This study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between obesity and dietary life of children aged 4-7 divided into two groups based on height for age, weight for age and weight for height. Controls were selected based on sex and age similar with those of cases. Cases and controls were selected using the combination of weight for height, weight for age and height for age by the World Health Organization standard. Cases were 23 children judged as obese. Controls were 37 judged as normal. Whether their mother had a job or not, showed relative risk 1.35(95% C1 0.32-5.64). In obese group, employmental statue of mother was 17.4% compared with 13.5% in control group. In mother's concern for cooking pattern, the relative risk was 5.64 and 95% CI was 1.70-18.66 in the item of "We consider the color arrangement when we serve foods" which was the highest rate. The item having the lowest relative risk was "We cook the meal by ourselves with spending time" which of the relative risk was 0.52 and 95% CI was 0.16-1.65. The item having a great significance in the dietary habit of subjects were "They beat the tablewear with the chopstick"(RR:1.64, 95% CI:0.22-12.73) and "I talk with food in my mouth"(RR :1.11, 95% CI:0.39-3.15), and the other items didn't show significancy. Number of food eating per day for male was 30.0$\pm$10.93 in obese group where as 23.2$\pm$9.80 in control group. 22.3$\pm$4.56, 21.8$\pm$10.91 were taken obese group and control group respectively in female. In the survey for general habit in life, the item of "We has a time for conversation with our family regularly" was high correlation to obesity and item of "We made our children change clothes and go to toilet themselvesj has slight relation to obesity. From above, we observed normal and obese children had different factors such as mother's attitude for preparing meals, table manners and habit of living. So we should take a continuous interest in children's dietary life in order to correct the wrong dietary habit and to protect from future problems.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.551-558
• /
• 2008

Association rule mining searches for interesting relationships among items in a given database. Association rules are frequently used by retail stores to assist in marketing, advertising, floor placement, and inventory control. There are three primary quality measures for association rule, support and confidence and lift. If there is many item in the association rule, much time is required. Xiong(2004) studies new method which is to compute the support of upper. They used support of upper to the $^{\theta}$. But $^{\theta}$ is subjective. In this paper, we present statistical objective criterion for efficiently identifying correlated pairs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.622-635
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a tool to measure job stress related to occupational characteristics of infection control nurses. Methods: The tool was developed through the steps of literature reviews, preparatory questions, and a test of validity and confidence. The participants were 212 infection control nurses from 145 Korean hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients, item analysis, factor analysis. Results: Through factor analysis, 38 items in four domains and nine factors were derived. The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient of the final instrument was .95. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the measurement tool is reliable and valid to measure the job stress of infection control nurses.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.33-50
• /
• 2014

Investigations on the symbolic role, spiritual health benefits and efficacy of the clothing items of the Ga wolomo (chief priest) have received little attention. Highlighting the relevance of these clothes, this paper focuses on the chief priest's dress code for his appointment, confinement, ordination, ceremonial and daily life activities. Data were collected through content analysis, participant observation and interviews with people from selected Ga communities, such as La, Teshie and Ga Mashie. The findings revealed that the selection of the chief priest is confirmed with a special clothing item. His traditional clothes and adornment also have meanings, importance and symbolic interpretations; explained in their uses, colour and style. As the spiritual head, the role of the chief priest's costume is very distinguished and symbolic in executing his duties; protecting, strengthening faith, confidence and assurance during spiritual healing, and when solving pertinent problems in the community. The paper concludes by recommending further research and documentation on other aspects of the Ga clothing culture, such as hand items and hair styles from the pre-colonial period to the present.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2002.04b
• /
• pp.319-321
• /
• 2002

협력적 추천 알고리즘의 성능향상을 위한 많은 연구들이 진행되고 연구 결과로 다양한 협력적 추천 기법들이 제안되고 있다. 이러한 연구에서는 EachMovie, MovieLens등의 선호도(Rating) 값을 기반으로 하는 데이터를 대상으로 추천의 효율을 높이고자 하고 있다. 그러나 실세계에서 우리가 얻을 수 있는 원 거래 데이터(Raw Transaction Data)는 선호도 값을 갖고 있지 않다. 따라서 실세계의 구매 데이터에 효과적인 추천을 하기 위해서는 기존의 선호도 기반 알고리즘이 아닌 구매 정보만을 기반으로 하는 변경된 협력적 추천 알고리즘이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 연관규칙 탐사 기법에서 사용하는 확신도(confidence)를 유사도식에 사용하고 이를 기반으로 선호도를 예측하는 구매 기반의 협력적 추천 알고리즘을 제안한다.