• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.167-171
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• 1999

Objective: To investigate muscle strength after short term isotonic and isometric exercise. Method: Twenty two healthy men and women were randomly designed isometric and isotonic exercises. Each participant was asked to perform 10 sessions of isometric and isotonic exercises. The assessment measured pre and post 10 sessions exercises by Cybex 340. Result: Isometric exercise significantly increased by $60^{\circ}$/sec and isotonic exercise significantly increased by $120^{\circ}$/sec, $180^{\circ}$/sec. Isometric exercise and isotonic exercise increased by all speeds. Most increased at $120^{\circ}$/sec, $180^{\circ}$/sec by isometric exercise and $60^{\circ}$/see by isotonic exercise but not significantly. Conclusion: Short term isotonic and isometric exercise increase muscle strength. Even if the exercise session is short term, the sessions increase muscle strength.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out changes in skin temperature, which is one of the regulatory systems of homeostasis, according to the isotonic-isometric exercise type, and changes in skin temperature according to gender and BMI index through isotonic-isometric exercise. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: This study was conducted for 28 healthy male and female students from Department of Physical Therapy, G University. Subjects carried out isometric-isotonic exercise using dumbbells of 4kg and 8kg, respectively. And skin temperature was measured by using a computer infrared thermography. Results: The isometric exercise group was significantly difference changes in temperature by measurement time. Conclusion: In order to find out the effect of isometric exercise and isotonic exercise on skin temperature changes of biceps brachii, this study was carried out for 28 healthy male and female adults. The result of this study may helpful as basic data for orthopedic physical therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.329-337
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to assess more effective exercise prescription for the people with chronic neck pain by comparing stretching exercise and isometric exercise about strength and pain. Method : The research design of the study was that 20 young adults with mild neck disability (5-14 out of 50 in Neck Disability Index) were randomized into 2 groups and underwent stretching exercise(10 peoples) and isometric exercise(10 peoples) at 3 times a week for 5weeks. Measures of pain scale (Visual Analog Scale) and Muscle strength of deep neck flexor (Pressure Biofeedback) were assessed before and after intervention. The pre and post exercise results were compared using paired t-test and the effectiveness of intervention of two groups were compared using Independent t test. Results : The results of this study were that pain reduction was seen after stretching and isometric exercise and significantly difference. There was significantly improvement of cervical flexor strength after stretching and isometric exercise. But, there was no significant difference between stretching and isometric exercise groups. Conclusion : The stretching and isometric exercise for chronic neck pain patients may use according to preference of patient because the effects of treatment was same. Further studies are needed to analyzed psycho social factors, cost effects, group approach.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of isometric exercise and active stretching on joint function in patient with osteoarthritis. Methods: 30(M=1, F=29) subjects with osteoarthritis were divided in three groups: control group, quadriceps isometric exercise group, and hamstring active stretching group. After 6 weeks treatment, ROM(range of motion) and LSS(lysholm scoring scale) were measured. Results: There was a significant increase in knee flexion, extension in post-treat of quadriceps isometric exercise group and hamstring active stretching group(p<0.05). There was a significant increase in LSS in post-treat of quadriceps isometric exercise group and hamstring active stretching group(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that both the active stretching exercise and the quadriceps isometric exercise effectively promote the range of knee extensions for osteoarthritis patients. Also, as measuring the ROM of knee flexion and extension by exercise methods, there is significant increase from knee flexion and extension in both hamstring stretching exercise group and quadriceps isometric exercise group. The increase of the range of knee is more effective in the exercise of knee extension with hamstring stretching exercise groups. And it is found that there are some difference between the experimental group and controlled group in statistics. As it is concerned with the function of knee extension, supporting and squatting are more effective to promote the both knee extension and flexion in its range. Therefore, this shows that the hamstring stretching exercise is required in general with enforcing the quadriceps at a sickbed in the present.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2010

Purpose : To compare the effect between isometric exercise group(n=10) and electrical stimulation therapy group(n=10) on improvement of biceps brachii muscle strength. Methods : The experiments were performed for 4 weeks and three times a week. The participants of this study were 20 students(10 male, 10 female) who had not any medical problems. We divided into the two groups. One group received isometric exercise and the other group received EST for 4 weeks. The biceps brachii muscle strength was evaluated by making use of the KIN-COM. Results : The results were as follows 1. One group which received isometric exercise increased 36% for biceps brachii muscle strength. 2.The other group which received EST increased 54% for biceps brachii muscle strength. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that EST group was more effective than isometric exercise group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.153-162
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study compared ankle joint exercise and thigh exercise on the isometric strength of the lower limb and balance ability. METHODS: Twenty-seven subjects were divided into ankle joint exercise (AEG, n=9), tight exercise (TEG, n=9), and control group (CON, n=9). AEG and TEG performed ankle joint and tight exercises three times a week for four weeks. The following were measured before and four weeks after each exercise: isometric strength at knee flexion and extension of the lower limb; isometric strength at ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the lower limb; static balance of trace length and C90 area; and the dynamic forward, backward, leftward, and rightward balance for each region. RESULTS: The results showed that the isometric strength of plantar flexion (p<.05) was increased significantly in AEG compared to those in TEG and CON. The dynamic leftward (p<.05) and rightward balance (p<.05) were increased significantly in both AEG and TEG compared to that in CON. On the other hand, the static balance of the trace length and C90 area, isometric strength of ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion and extension of the lower limb, and dynamic forward and backward balance did not show significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: Ankle joint exercise improves the isometric strength of plantar flexion compared to tight exercise.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-119
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This research was intended to investigate the influence to function recovery at the early stage after surgery, by conducting Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise treatment as early stage medical treatment method for Total knee arthroplasty patients. METHODS: The subject of 30 patients having Unilateral Total knee arthroplasty over age 65, Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise (experiment group I), Conventional Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise (experiment group II) and isometric exercise (control group). The intervention was performed in 5 times per a week and 60 minutes per a day during 4 weeks. We performed research by conducting Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and isometric exercise together and measured pain, range of motion, muscle strength and gait ability before and after intervention. RESULTS: The result showed therapeutic improvement in experiment group I, experiment group II and control group, but Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise showed significant improvement in function recovery of early stage compared to Conventional Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise, only isometric exercise. CONCLUSION: Based on research result, in order for early state function recovery of Total knee arthroplasty patients, when conducting neuromuscular electrical stimulation and isometric exercise together, especially when applying Multipath Electrical Stimulation, we could know that it showed more significant improvement to function recovery after surgery. Also, we suggest that Multipath Electrical Simulation may become a useful tool as a method for intervention and performing in various diseases for weakening of Quadriceps muscle.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various cool-down exercises on muscular strength and endurance. After receiving a treadmill training for main exercise, the subjects conducted isotonic and isometric cool-down exercises four times for three weeks. Isotonic exercise with leg press of 10kg was repeated by 20 times and isometric exercise was conducted at flexion of hip joint and knee joint with leg press of 10kg by maintaining it for 6 sec and resting for 2 sec by 20 times. Muscular strength after exercise was measured with 1 RM by times and muscular endurance with maximum repetition frequency using time to keep for loading the weight of 10 RM and 65% of maximum muscular strength. As a result of comparing and analyzing measured values, exercise recovery shape of isotonic and isometric cool-down group were more effective than rest recovery shape of the control group. The isometric cool-down group was more effective than isotonic cool-down group. In conclusion, isometric exercise was more effective than isotonic exercise or simple rest on muscular strength and endurance.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.149-157
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise types including isokinetic, isometric, and istonic exercise of same exercise intensity on cardiopulmonary function and blood lactate level. The subjects of this study included 17 males college students. Each subjects after pretraining measurement performed isokinetic, isometric and isotonic exercise of 1 week interval using Cybex 6000 System. KBI-C and YSI 1500 were used to measure changes in cardiopulmonary function and blood lactate level respectively. First, comparing changes in RPP relative to exercise type, isokinetic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($7.08{\pm}1.12mg/kg/min$) and post exercise ($18.98{\pm}1.75mg/kg/min$). Isometric group showed that significant difference between before exercise($7.89{\pm}0.98mg/kg/min$) and post exercise($20.22{\pm}2.41mg/kg/min$). Isotonic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($8.14{\pm}0.11mg/kg/min$) and post exercise ($19.84{\pm}2.30\;mg/kg/min$). Second, comparing changes in blood lactate level relative to exercise type, isokineic group showed significant difference between before exercise ($2.99{\pm}0.65mmol$) and post exercise ($6.55{\pm}6.55mmol$). Isometric group showed significant difference between before exercise($1.71{\pm}5.48mmol$) and post exercise ($5.48{\pm}1.97mmol$). Isotonic group showed significant difference between before exercise($1.16{\pm}0.48mmol$) and post exercise($5.21{\pm}1.28mmol$). The results of this study indicate significant differences RPP in isometric exercise and significant differences blood lactate in isotonic exercise.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

This study compared the effect of therapeutic exercise with conservative treatment in women with chronic neck pain. Subjects were allocated to control, neck isometric exercise, and cervical stabilization exercise groups consisting of 29, 32, and 31 patients, respectively. The conservative treatment for the control group consisted of hot packs, ultrasound, interferential current therapy, and intermittent cervical traction. The neck isometric exercise group performed a neck isometric exercise and the cervical stabilization exercise group performed a cervical stabilization exercise. To compare the three groups, the levels of perceived pain, neck disability, and psychological depression were assessed on admission, at discharge, and one month after discharge. On admission and at discharge, the pain and neck disability scores did not differ significantly among the groups. However, one month after discharge, both the neck isometric and cervical stabilization exercise groups had significantly improved perceived pain levels as compared to control (p<.05). The improvement in the degree of neck disability was most significant in the cervical stabilization exercise group (p<.05). On comparing the changes in the variables at the three assessments for each group, there was a significant difference between the control and cervical stabilization exercise groups (p<.05). The findings indicate that therapeutic exercises, especially cervical stabilization exercises, are more effective for improving pain and neck disability than conservative treatment.