• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.753-757
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 도축장에서 폐수 처리되는 돈혈을 활용하여 단백질 분해 효소 처리를 하여 철분함량 및 용해도가 높은 철분분말을 제조하고자 하였다. 철분함량을 높이기 위하여 효소처리 및 혈액 분리 정도에 따른 돈혈 분말의 품질특성을 분석하였고, 그 결과 수급 받은 돈혈의 전혈에 Thermoase 0.2%를 첨가한 후 $60^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 처리하여 여과, 열풍건조처리를 하였을 때 철분함량이 110.00 mg/100 g 으로 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었으며, 재수화성 역시 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또 철분 보조제로써 활용 가능 여부를 확인하기 위하여 최종조건에 따라 제조 된 돈혈분말의 생체이용률을 측정하였으며, 대표적인 시중 판매 제품 보다 2.9배 높은 것으로 확인 되었다. 따라서 영양학적 가치가 있는 돈혈을 활용하여 철분분말을 제조한다면, 수입에 의존하고 있는 철분시장에 국내산 천연재료 공급이 가능할 뿐만 아니라 이의 폐기처리로 인한 비용처리 및 환경오염을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.738-747
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• 2021

제철원료별 직접제련법 복원실험으로 생산된 단조박편의 재료과학적 분석을 통해 금속학적 특성을 규명하였다. 제련을 위해 경주감포사철과 양양철광석을 이용하며, 각각 4개의 그룹을 설정하였다. 분석은 주성분, 광물 동정, 미세조직 관찰을 하였다. 주성분 분석 결과 정련·단접이 진행될수록 Fe의 함량은 증가하고 비금속개재물의 함량은 감소하였다. 광물을 동정한 결과 산화철 계열의 광물이 확인되었다. 미세조직 관찰 결과 Wüstite, Fayalite가 관찰되었으며, 일부에는 응집된 Wüstite가 관찰되었다. 일부 다각형, 장주상의 Magnetite도 확인되었다. 또한, 공극 및 불순물, 비금속개재물은 점차 감소하였다. 차후 다양한 제철원료를 이용한 복원실험을 통해 생산된 단조박편의 재료과학적 분석을 통해 금속학적 특성을 규명하고, 이를 유적에서 출토된 단조박편과 비교·검토하는 것이 필요하다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2020

Aluminum cast iron has excellent oxidation resistance, sulfurization resistance, and corrosion resistance. However, the ductility at room temperature is insufficient, and at temperatures above 600?, the strength drops sharply and practicality is limited. In the case of heat-resistant cast iron, high-temperature materials containing Cr and Ni account for 30 to 50% or more. However, these high-temperature materials are expensive. Aluminum heat-resistant cast iron is considered as a substitute for expensive heat-resistant materials. Oxidation due to the aging temperature and holding time conditions increases more in 0 wt.% Al-cast iron than in 2 and 4 wt.% Al-cast iron according to oxidized weight and gravimetric oxide layer thickness measurements. As a result of observing the cross-section of the oxide layer, it was found to contain 0 wt.% of Al-cast iron silicon oxide-containing SiO₂ or Fe₂SiO₄ oxide film. In cast iron containing aluminum, the thickness of the internal oxide layer due to aluminum increases as the aging temperature and retention time increase, and the amount of the iron oxide layer generated on the surface decreases.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 1997

To evaluate iron nutritional status of female college students, fasting blood samples were taken from 76 female students of Kangnung National University. Hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(Fe), total iron binding capacity(TIBC) and serum ferritin concentrations were measured and transferrin saturation was calculated. Mean values for Hb, Hct, Fe, TIBC, TS and serum freeitin were 13.64$\pm$1.42g/dl, 40.99$\pm$4.31%, 103.0$\pm$33.3$\mu\textrm{g}$/이, 395.3$\pm$9.07$\mu\textrm{g}$/dl, 26.58$\pm$9.07$\%$and 26.76$\pm$17.5ng/ml, respectively. Prevalence of iron deficiency greatly varied by indices from 6.8% when judged by Hct to 26.0$\%$ by serum ferritin concentration. The Hb concentration was positively correlated with hematocrit (r=0.5402), serum iron(r=0.2819) and transferrin saturation(r=0.2777)(p<0.05). on the other hand, serum ferritin concentration showed significantly negative correlation with TIBC(r=-0.3196). Two-day dietary intake records were collected from subjects to estimate mean daily iron intake and bioavailability of dietary iron. Mean daily intake of iron was 13.15mg and heme iron intake was 0.83mg which was 6.4% of total iron intake. Total absorbable iron calculated by the method of Monsen was 1.27mg and bioavailability of dietary iron was 9.6%. In the light of high prevalence of iron deficiency based of serum ferritin concentration and low bioavailability of iron in the diet, guidelines about diet should be made to increase the content and bioavailability of iron in the diet if female college students.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2013

This study presents a comparison of different protocols for the synthesis of iron-loaded zeolites, and the results of their application, as well as that of zeolite-A (Z-A), to the removal of ammonium and phosphate from aqueous media. Zeolites prepared by three methods were evaluated: iron-incorporated zeolites (IIZ), iron-exchanged zeolites (IEZ), and iron-calcined zeolites (ICZ). The optimal iron content for preparing of IIZ, as determined via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, expressed as molar ratio of $SiO_2:Al_2O_3:Fe$, was below 0.05. Ammonia removal revealed that the iron-loaded zeolites have a higher removal capacity than that of Z-A due, not only to ion-exchange phenomena, but also via adsorption. Greater phosphate removal was achieved with IEZ than with ICZ; additionally, no sludge production was observed in this heterogeneous reaction, even though the coagulation process is generally accompanied by the production of a large amount of undesired chemical sludge. This study demonstrates that the developed synthetic iron-loaded zeolites can be applied as a heterogeneous nutrient-removal materials with no sludge production.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.243-261
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• 2024

In this study, samples were collected from various ancient wooden shipwrecks, including the Shinan shipwreck and Jindo shipwreck that used iron nails, the Yeongheungdo shipwreck carrying iron artifacts, as well as the Sibidongpado shipwreck and Wando shipwreck where degradation products were not observed, all of which were salvaged by the National Research Institute of Maritime Heritage. The aim was to analyze the characteristics of degradation products generated by iron (Fe) within the salvaged wooden shipwreck materials and establish fundamental data on degradation products in waterlogged archaeological wood. The analysis revealed that sulfur (S) is generally accumulated in wood obtained from marine environments. It was observed that the content of inorganic substances such as iron and sulfur was significantly higher in the Shinan shipwreck, Jindo shipwreck, and Yeongheungdo shipwreck compared to Sibidongpado shipwreck and Wando shipwreck, which used wooden nails. This indicates that the presence of iron affects the accumulation of degradation products and suggests that iron is a factor in the corrosion of wood. Furthermore, crystallin compounds were observed within the cell walls, and higher concentrations of iron and sulfur were found in the resin ducts, rays, and radial tissues. This suggests that during desalination and consolidation treatments, warm water or polyethylene glycol (PEG) may move degradation factors into resincanals, rays, radial tissues, etc.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2012

고대의 거울은 청동으로 만들어지는 것이 일반적이며, 철제거울의 경우 국내에서 출토된 예를 찾아보기는 매우 드물다. 본 연구에서는 불명철기의 보존처리과정에서 원형을 찾아 그 대상이 철제거울임을 밝혀냈으며, 그 과정에서 부식되지 않은 시편을 채취하여 광학현미경과 미세경도시험기, SEM-EDS를 이용하여 미세조직을 분석하고 이를 통해 제작기법을 연구하였다. 그 결과 철제거울의 조직은 비금속개재물이 거의 없고 시편 일부에서 망상 시멘타이트 조직이 관찰되는 것으로 미루어 주철을 부어 만든 거울을 고체상태에서 탈탄시켜 탄소량을 낮춘 고체탈탄강으로 판단된다. 주조품의 백주철 조직은 높은 탄소 함량으로 우수한 경도를 가져 절삭이나 연마가 어렵다. 때문에 주조된 철제거울의 거친 경면을 연마할 수 있도록 CO 또는 $CO_2$를 차단하여 $850^{\circ}C$이하의 온도에서 탈탄시켜 주조품의 경도를 낮춘 것으로 추정된다. 따라서 탄소 함량에 따른 조직의 변화가 관찰된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1986

It is very important to obtain wear resistant ductile iron by adding more economical alloying elements. In this study, 10 heat of Mg-treated ductile iron were made according to Sb content (0-0.1% Sb). Each melt was tasted to 30 ${\o}test$ bars in $CO_2$ mold under the same condition and inspected wear characteristics, mechanical properties and microstructures. The results obtained from this study are as follows; 1. It is confirmed that Sb should be a simple and useful additive for improving wear resistance in ductile iron. 2. Hardness of ferrite and pearlite is improved with increasing Sb amount in ductile iron. 3. For ductile iron, the recommended ladle addition of Sb amount is to 0.02-0.03%. 4. Sb has adverse influence on spheroidizing of graphite if the amount is over 0.04%.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제32권A호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

The characteristics of floc formation of the iron(Fe) ions contained in the acid mine drainage was studied for developing the process treating the acid mine drainage. The iron(Fe) ions were formed into flocs by the acid-base reaction with the added $Ca(OH)_2$. The molal ratio of iron(Fe) vs $Ca(OH)_2$ was one of major control variables in treatment; pH change, iron(Fe) ions concentration in treated drainage, DO (dissolved oxygen content). In addition, the air gave much effect on the color of the $iron(Fe)-Ca(OH)_2$ flocs and the attachment to magnet. The attaching to the magnet of the flocs formed in the air was much less than the case without air.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2016

This study was conducted to observe the association between antioxidant enzyme activity, free iron content and lipid oxidation of Korean native chicken (KNC) meat during refrigerated storage. Four lines of KNC (Yeonsan ogye, Hyunin black, Hoengseong yakdak and Hwangbong) were raised under similar conditions. A total of 16 roosters were randomly sampled and slaughtered at the age of 12 mon. The breast and thigh meats were stored aerobically for 10 d at 4℃. Although thigh meat had higher antioxidant enzyme activity, it was more susceptible to lipid oxidation and released more iron during storage than breast meat. Aerobic refrigerated storage for 10 d significantly decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the amount of free iron and malondialdehyde. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were negatively correlated with lipid oxidation, whereas that of catalase was not. The amount of free iron was positively associated with lipid oxidation. We concluded that chicken line did not affect strongly on antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid oxidation in breast meat of KNC. However, the thigh meat of Hwangbong and Hyunin black had higher SOD and GSH-Px activity, respectively, and lower malondialdehyde contents than that of other chickens. SOD, GSH-Px and free iron play significant roles in meat lipid oxidation during refrigerated storage.