• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2004

For the fabrication of high efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst of oxygen electrode for PEM URFC (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cell), which is a promising energy storage and conversion system using hydrogen as the energy medium, several bifunctional electrocatalysts were prepared and tested in a single cell URFC system. The catalysts for oxygen electrode revealed fuel cell performance in the order of Pt black > PtIr > PtRuOx > PtRu ~ PtRuIr > PtIrOx, whereas water electrolysis performance in the order of PtIr ~ PtIrOx > PtRu > PtRuIr > PtRuOx ~ Pt black. Considering both reaction modes PtIr was the most effective elctrocatalyst for oxygen electrode of present PEM URFC system. In addition, the water electrolysis performance was significantly improved when Ir or IrOx was added to Pt black just 1 wt.% without the decrease of fuel cell performance. Based on the catalyst screening and the optimization of catalyst composition and loading, the optimum catalyst electrodes for PEM URFC were $1.0mg/cm^2$ of Pt black as hydrogen electrode and $2.0mg/cm^2$ of PtIr (99:1) as oxygen electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.191.2-191.2
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• 2016

$TiO_2$는 우수한 화학적 및 물리적 안정성 때문에 수전해 장기간 사용에 적합한 전기화학 전극으로 여겨진다. 큰 표면적을 갖는 $TiO_2$를 제조하기 위한 수많은 방법 중 양극산화(anodization)는 비교적 간단하고 저렴한 공정으로 인하여 매우 실용적인 방법으로서 알려져 있다. 특히, 고도로 정렬 된 $TiO_2$ 나노튜브($TiO_2$ NTs) 의 경우에는 분말상과 달리 전극제조를 위해 추가적인 접착제를 필요하지 않다. 그러나, $TiO_2$는 일반적으로 절연 특성을 나타내기 때문에 전극의 활용을 위해서는 본질적으로 촉매의 사용이 불가피하다. 다수의 전기 촉매 중, $IrO_2$와 $RuO_2$는 수전해 분야에 잘 알려진 산화 촉매이다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 특유의 높은 종횡비 때문에 $TiO_2$ 나노튜브에 전기 촉매를 균일하게 도핑하는 것은 많은 어려움이 따른다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 $RuO_2$를 도핑하기 위한 단일공정 $TiO_2$ 양극산화 기술이 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 2원 촉매($IrO_2$ 및 $RuO_2$)를 $TiO_2$ 나노튜브에 도핑하기 위한 단일공정 양극산화 기술에 대하여 연구하였다. 전구물질로써 $KRuO_4$($RuO_2$ 전구체)와 IrOx 나노입자(IrOx NPs, $IrO_2$ 전구체)를 사용하였다. 특히, IrOx를 나노 입자는 $IrCl_3$로부터 중간 매체로 합성된다. IrOx는 단일공정 양극산화 중에 $TiO_2$ 나노튜브 상에 도핑 가능한 이온 형태인 $IrO_4$-로 전환될 수 있다. 제조된 시료는 열처리 후 바로 전극으로 사용되었으며 SEM, XPS, TEM, ICP-OES 등으로 정성, 정량 분석을 수행하였다. LSV와 EIS를 통해 전기화학적 성능 평가가 이루어졌으며, LSV를 통해 포집한 기체는 가스 크로마토그래피를 사용하여 정량분석한 후 그 효율을 측정하였다.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

This study demonstrates a polyimide nerve cuff electrode with a conductive polymer for improving recording signal quality at peripheral nerve. The nerve cuff electrodes with platinum (Pt), iridium oxide (IrOx), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): p-toluene sulfonate (PEDOT:pTS) were fabricated and investigated their electrical characteristics for improving recorded nerve signal quality. The fabricated nerve cuff electrodes with Pt, IrOx, and PEDOT:pTS were characterized their impedance and CDC by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry. The impedance of PEDOT:pTS measured at 1 kHz was $257{\Omega}$, which was extremely lower than the value of the nerve cuff electrodes with IrOx ($15897{\Omega}$) and Pt ($952{\Omega}$), respectively. Furthermore, the charge delivery capacity (CDC) of the nerve cuff electrode with PEDOT:pTS was dramatically increased to 62 times than the nerve cuff electrode with IrOx. In ex-vivo test using extracted sciatic nerve of spaque-dawley rat (SD rat), the PEDOT:pTS group exhibited higher signal-to-interference ratio than IrOx group. These results indicated that the nerve cuff electrode with PEDOT:pTS is promising for effective implantable nerve signal recording.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 1998

$SiO_xF_y$ optical thin films of lower refractive indices than glass substrates were fabricated by the CF$_4$ ion beam assisted deposition method and the optical, structural and chemical properties of them were investigated. Refractive index of $SiO_xF_y$ films was varied from 1.455 to 1.394 by decreasing the anode voltage or from 1.462 to 1.430 by increasing the current density of end-Hall ion source. FT-IR and XPS analyses show that as the F concentration increases, the Si-O bond at $1080m^{-1}$ shifts to higher wavenumber, the OH bonds are reduced drastically, and the fluorine atoms at the air-film interface are desorbed out by reacting with $H_2O$ in the atmosphere. $SiO_xF_y$ thin films are amorphous by the XRD analysis and have the compressive stress below 0.3 GPa. As an application of $SiO_xF_y$ thin films a two-layer antireflection coating was fabricated using a $SiO_xF_y$ film as a low refractive index layer and a Si film as an absorbing one.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.47-47
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• 2012

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 1982

The monooxo-bridged binuclear molybdenum(V) complexes, $Mo_2O_3(NCS)_4(Bipy)_2\;(Bipy = bipyridine),\;Mo_2O_3(NCS)-4(Phen)-2$ (Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), and $Mo_2O_3(NCS)_4(Ox)_2(OxH)_2$ (Ox = oxinato and OxH = oxine) have been prepared. Their electronic and IR spectra, electric conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility were measured. From the results all of th complexes turned out to be electroneutral dimers with about 0.5 BM, and in the oxine complex, $Mo_2O_3(NCS)_2(Ox)_2(OxH)_2$, the oxine seems to bind partly as monodentate and partly as bidentate molecule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.567-568
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• 2010

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.3244-3248
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• 2014

Two ethylenediamine cobalt(II) oxalate complexes Co(ox)(en), 1 and $Co(ox)(en){\cdot}2H_2O$, 2 have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectrum, TG analysis, and magnetic measurements. In 1, Co atoms are coordinated by two bis-bidentate oxalate ions in transconfiguration to form Co(ox) chains, which are further bridged by ethylenediamine molecules to produce 2D grid layers, Co(ox)(en). In 2, Co atoms are coordinated by bridging oxalate ions in cis-configuration to form Co(ox) chains, and the additional chelation of ethylenediamine to Co atoms completes 1D zigzag chain, Co(en)(ox). Two lattice water molecules stabilize the chains through hydrogen bonding. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate that both complexes exhibit weak antiferromagnetic coupling between cobalt(II) ions with the susceptibility maxima at 23 K for 1 and 20 K for 2, respectively. In 1 and 2, the oxalate ligands afford a much shorter and more effective pathway for the magnetic interaction between cobalt ions compared to the ethylenediamine ligands, so the magnetic behaviors of both complexes could be well described with 1D infinite magnetic chain model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.261-262
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• 2011

본 연구는 HMDS/$O_2$/He/Ar의 gas mixture를 이용하여 remote-type의 DBD source를 통한 APPECVD를 통한 SiOx 양질의 무기막 증착 공정을 개발하였다. 이때 기판에 바이어스를 인가 하거나 혹은 접지를 하여 대기압 플라즈마의 환경 내에서도 바이어스 효과를 확인할 수 있도록 double discharge system을 구축하였다. 그리고 이 double discharge system의 다양한 특성과 기존의 전형적인 DBD와 비교 하였을 때 어떠한 차이점을 가지는지에 대해서도 관찰하였다. 그리하여 전형적인 DBD system과 double discharge를 통해 증착된 SiOx 무기막의 특성을 역시 비교 관찰하였다. Gas mixture 중 HMDS의 유량이 증가함에 따라, 그리고 $O_2$ gas의 유량이 감소함에 따라 SiOx 무기막의 증착률은 감소하였다. 그러나, SiOx 무기막 내의 불순물들, 예를 들어, carbon 혹은 hydrogen 계열의 chemical bond에 대한 정성적인 양은 HMDS 의 유량이 증가하거나 혹은 $O_2$ gas의 양이 감소함에 따라 오히려 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그리고 기판에 바이어스를 인가하는 double discharge system을 사용하였을 경우, 같은 HMDS, $O_2$ gas 유량을 사용한 전형적인 DBD type의 증착 공정 보다 더 높은 공정 효율을 나타냄과 동시에 더 낮은 불순물 함량을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 double discharge system을 통해 증착된 양질의 SiOx 무기막이 증착 되었음을 FT-IR을 통한 막질 분석을 통해 확인 할 수 있었다. 이러한 double discharge system의 증착 공정에 대한 긍정적인 효과들은 atmospheric discharge의 효율 향상에 따른 gas dissociation efficiency 증가와 이를 통한 HMDS 분해 및 산소와의 recombination 효율의 증가에 따른 결과로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.284-284
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• 2022

The overall effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) with NaCl on different rice genotypes are inadequately understood. The present study determines the effect of different GA3 concentrations on the morphophysiological, molecular and biochemical effects of 120 mM NaCl salt stress in rice seedlings. Salt stress reduced germination percentages and seedling growth and decreased bioactive GA content. It also downregulated the relative expression of a-amylase-related genes - OsAmy1A, OsAmy1C, and OsAmy3C in the salt-sensitive IR28 cultivar. Salt stress differentially regulated the expression of GA biosynthetic genes. Salt stress increased antioxidant activity in all rice genotypes tested, except in IR28. GA3 (50 and 100 µM) mitigates the effect of salt stress, rescuing seed germination and growth attributes. GA3 significantly increased bioactive GA content in Nagdong and pokkali (50 µM) and Cheongcheong and IR28 (100 µM) cultivars. The a-amylase genes were also significantly upregulated by GA3. Similarly, GA3 upregulated OsGA2oxl and OsGA2ox9 expression in the Cheongcheong and salt-sensitive IR28 cultivars. The present study demonstrated that salt stress inactivates bioactive GA - inhibiting germination and seedlings growth - and decreases bioactive GA content and GSH activity in IR28 and Pokkali cultivars. Further, GA3 significantly reversed the effects of 120 mM NaCl salt stress in different rice genotypes. The current study also suggests if we know the coastal area water NaCl concentration we can apply the exogenous GA3 accordingly. Thus, we would be able to grow rice cultivars near the coastal area and reduce the rice damage by salinity.