• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

As the cloud environment has become more prevalent among large companies, small and medium-sized companies are also trying to utilize various technologies (IoT, blockchain, etc.) that use cloud services as a way to coexist with large companies. In this paper, a blockchain-based IoT information collection model is proposed to efficiently handle large volumes of IoT data produced by small businesses in order to improve information efficiency of SMEs. The proposed model allowe d small businesses to improve their production efficiency by independently creating groups of the same information so that data that could be generated at the endpoints of small businesses can be block-chained and forwarded to the data center for analysis. In addition, the proposed model's performance assessment was assumed to handle the production throughput of data processed in IoT for small and medium businesses, not large enterprises, so the link between large volumes of data processed in the proposed model could be maintained evenly. One of the biggest features of the proposed model is the ability to expand processes to efficiently control the information of prod ucts produced, as well as the productivity of small and medium enterprises.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.349-357
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• 2016

The era of the Internet of Things (IoT) is upon us. In this era, minimizing power consumption becomes a primary concern for system-on-chip designers. While traditional power minimization and dynamic power management (DPM) techniques have been heavily explored to improve the power efficiency of devices inside very large-scale integration (VLSI) platforms, there is one critical factor that is often overlooked, which is the power conversion efficiency of a power delivery network (PDN). This paper is a tutorial that focuses on the power conversion efficiency of the PDN, and introduces novel methods to improve it. Circuit-, architecture-, and system-level approaches are presented to optimize PDN designs, while case studies for three different VSLI platforms validate the efficacy of the introduced approaches.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 2019

We intend to improve the sustainability of rural villages by investigating the element technologies and platforms necessary for building smart villages. There are so many investment smart city platforms and solutions in many cities. but there are relatively few investments in rural or small cities. This situation can not only increase the urban problem due to the increase of population to the city, but also deepen the digital gap of citizens. So far, studies on smart village have been investigated in fragments. We will examine the cases applied to smart village as a whole and study the open smart village platform that analyzes the overall data storage and management of the village after the smart village was finally established. First, we will look at the overseas trends of smart village and second, we will study the smart village platform that efficiently manages smart village through the technology necessary for smart village.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.457-465
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• 2015

Internet of Things(IoT) technologies should be able to communication with various embedded platforms. We will need to select an appropriate cryptographic algorithm in various embedded environments because we should consider security elements in IoT communications. Therefore the lightweight block cryptographic algorithm is essential for secure communication between these kinds of embedded platforms. However, the lightweight block cryptographic algorithm has a vulnerability which can be leaked in side channel analysis. Thus we also have to consider side channel countermeasure. In this paper, we will propose the scenario of side channel analysis and confirm the vulnerability for HIGHT algorithm which is composed of ARX structure. Additionally, we will suggest countermeasure for HIGHT against side channel analysis. Finally, we will explain how much the effectiveness can be provided through comparison between countermeasure for AES and HIGHT.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1133-1138
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• 2018

Lightweight Encryption Algorithm (LEA) is one of the most promising lightweight block cipher algorithm due to its high efficiency and security level. There are many works on the efficient LEA implementation. However, many works missed the secure application services where the IoT platforms perform secure communications between heterogeneous IoT platforms. In order to establish the secure communication channel between them, the encryption should be performed in the on-the-fly method. In this paper, we present the LEA implementation performing the on-the-fly method over the ARM Cortex-M3 processors. The general purpose registers are fully utilized to retain the required variables for the key scheduling and encryption operations and the rotation operation is optimized away by using the barrel-shifter technique. Since the on-the-fly method does not store the round keys, the RAM requirements are minimized. The implementation is evaluated over the ARM Cortex-M3 processor and it only requires 34 cycles/byte.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 2019

In this day and age physical and cyber boundaries have converged due to the development of new technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Cyber Physical System (CPS). As the relationship between physical system and cyber technology strengthens, more diverse and complex forms of risk emerge. As a result, it is becoming difficult for single organization or government to fully handle this situation alone and cooperation based on information sharing and the strengthening of active defense systems are needed. Shifting to a system in which information suitable for various entities can be shared and automatically responded to is also necessary. Therefore, this study tries to find improvements for the current system of threat information collecting and sharing that can actively and practically maintain cyber defense posture, focusing particularly on the structuring of information sharing platforms. To achieve our objective, we use a risk communication theory from the safety field and propose a new platform by combining an action-oriented security process model.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2023

While applying new digital technologies, interest in software and artificial intelligence is quite high. In particular, many changes are being made for the development of software and artificial intelligence in the field of education. From 2025, software and artificial intelligence-related curricula will be applied to public education in elementary, middle and high schools. The Ministry of Education is also conducting various camps to experience software and artificial intelligence in various ways in elementary, middle and high schools before they are applied to public education. Several platforms for experience camps related to software and artificial intelligence are also being used. In this study, we intend to increase the educational efficiency of the learning method for software and artificial intelligence to be developed in the future by designing a model for software and artificial intelligence experiential learning platforms.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2354-2376
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• 2020

SmartThings is one of the most popular open platforms for home automation IoT solutions that allows users to create their own applications called SmartApps for personal use or for public distribution. The nature of openness demands high standards on the quality of SmartApps, but there have been few studies that have evaluated this thoroughly yet. As part of software quality practice, code reviews are responsible for detecting violations of coding standards and ensuring that best practices are followed. The purpose of this research is to propose systematically designed quality metrics under the well-known Goal/Question/Metric methodology and to evaluate the quality of SmartApps through automatic code reviews using a static analysis. We first organize our static analysis rules by following the GQM methodology, and then we apply the rules to real-world SmartApps to analyze and evaluate them. A study of 105 officially published and 74 community-created real-world SmartApps found a high ratio of violations in both types of SmartApps, and of all violations, security violations were most common. Our static analysis tool can effectively inspect reliability, maintainability, and security violations. The results of the automatic code review indicate the common violations among SmartApps.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5805-5825
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• 2019

Smartphones are important platforms because of their sophisticated computation, communication, and sensing capabilities, which enable a variety of applications in the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Moreover, advancements in hardware have enabled sensors on smartphones such as environmental and chemical sensors that make sensor data collection readily accessible for a wide range of applications. However, dynamic, opportunistic, and heterogeneous mobility patterns of smartphone users that vary throughout the day, which greatly affects the efficacy of sensor data collection. Therefore, it is necessary to consider phone users mobility patterns to design data collection schedules that can reduce the loss of sensor data. In this paper, we propose a mobility-based weighted adaptive opportunistic scheduling framework that can adaptively adjust to the dynamic, opportunistic, and heterogeneous mobility patterns of smartphone users and provide prioritized scheduling based on various application scenarios, such as velocity, region of interest, and sensor type. The performance of the proposed framework is compared with other scheduling frameworks in various heterogeneous smartphone user mobility scenarios. Simulation results show that the proposed scheduling improves the transmission rate by 8 percent and can also improve the collection of higher-priority sensor data compared with other scheduling approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.608-610
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• 2018

The future of Internet of Things ecosystem seems to be worth it, however by using a monolithic approach we might end up by dealing with complexity of the system as long as the statistics show that by 2020 IoT devices will reach around 50 billion. The microservice architecture approach utilizes the service-oriented architecture together with best practices and latest developments in software virtualization to overcome complexity issues, allow reusability of services or microservices instead of creating new ones. The microservice architecture provides secure platforms if it is developed and deployed in a container. Thus, this paper surveys on the microservices, microservices architecture and containers, microservices based Internet of Things.