• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권1_2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2003

인터넷과 같은 대량의 정보에 대응할 수 있는 고성능 정보검색시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 지금까지 고가의 중대형컴퓨터를 주로 활용하여 왔으나. 최근 가격대 성능비가 높은 PC 클러스터 시스템을 활용하는 방안이 경제적인 대안으로 떠오르고 있다. PC 클러스터 상에서의 병렬정보검색시스템을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해서는 사용자가 입력한 질의를 처리하는데 요구되는 개별 PC의 디스크 I/O 및 검색관련 연산을 모든 PC에 가능한 균등하게 분배할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 같은 질의에 동시에 등장할 가능성이 높은 색인어들끼리 군집화하고 생성된 군집을 활용하여 색인어들을 각 PC에 분배함으로써 보다 높은 수준의 병렬화를 달성할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 또한 일부 PC의 결함 또는 유지보수 등의 원인에 의한 서비스 중지상황에도 적극적으로 대처하기 위하여 색인어 역파일을 중복되게 분산저장하는 기법을 제안한다. 대용량 말뭉치를 활용한 실험결과 본 논문에서 제시하는 분산 및 중복저장기법이 충분한 효율성과 실용성이 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a basic data of clothing development which can improve the satisfaction of the body shape by examining the subjective evaluation and type characteristics of the old-old women themselves. Q methodology was used for the study of subjectivity. The types of the body shape of the old-old women were analyzed as five types: bent body with protruding abdomen, backward bent body with slender legs, inverted triangle, swollen cylinder, triangle. The bent body with protruding abdomen had a bent back and waist. They were recognized that the bust and shoulders were sagging and abdomen was protruding. The backward bent body with slender legs was the smallest of the five types with a BMI index and shoulders and bust were sagging. And knee and waist were bent and legs were thin. The inverted triangular shape showed the highest BMI index among the 5 types, indicating that it is obese. They thought that the upper body was developed and the lower body and legs were slender. The swollen cylinder shape was analyzed to be the smallest and the most fat body. The triangle shape had developed lower body and bent back and waist. It is considered that a design consideration is needed to cover the disadvantages of the body shape in consideration of not only wearing feeling but also aesthetic part when making clothes. By making ergonomic garments considering the characteristics of body shape, it can be expected to change the body shape due to the wearing of clothing that is not suitable for body shape and the effect on physical health in a positive direction.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.415-422
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• 2008

XML의 사용이 증가함에 따라 XML로 표현된 문서를 효율적으로 저장하고 검색하기 위한 XML 문서 관리 시스템에 대한 많은 연구들이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 최근에는 주로 관계형 DBMS의 장점을 이용한 XML 문서의 저장과 검색에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. XML Parser를 이용하여 문서 내용을 관계형 테이블에 매핑(Mapping)하면 안정적이고 효율적인 XML 문서 관리 시스템을 구축할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 X-Binder 시스템은 관계형 DBMS 기반의 역 인덱스 기법을 사용한다. 역 인덱스 기법은 빠른 검색속도를 보장하지만, 많은 저장 공간을 낭비하는 단점을 가진다. 이 문제점을 해결하기 위해 XML 문서 저장시 형제 관계를 가지는 경로들을 통합하여 저장한다. 제안하는 X-Binder 시스템은 XRel과의 성능 평가에서 저장 공간을 줄이고, 검색 시간을 단축하는 성과를 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.3272-3285
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• 2016

Recently, Vector of Locally Aggregated Descriptors (VLAD) has been proposed to index image by compact representations, which encodes powerful local descriptors and makes significant improvement on search performance with less memory compared against the state of art. However, its performance relies heavily on the size of the codebook which is used to generate VLAD representation. It indicates better accuracy needs higher dimensional representation. Thus, more memory overhead is needed. In this paper, we enhance VLAD image representation by using two level hierarchical-codebooks. It can provide more accurate search performance while keeping the VLAD size unchanged. In addition, hierarchical-codebooks are used to construct multiple inverted files for more accurate non-exhaustive search. Experimental results show that our method can make significant improvement on both VLAD image representation and non-exhaustive search.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.109-122
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• 2003

This paper presents a robust process capability index(PCI) based on the expected loss derived from the empirical distribution function(EDF). We propose the EDF expected loss in order to develop a PCI that does not depends on the underlying process distribution. The EDF expected loss depends only on the sample data, so the PCI based on it is robust and it does nor require complex calculations. The inverted normal loss function(INLF) is employed in order to overcome the drawback of the quadratic loss which may Increase unboundedly outside the specification limits. A comprehensive simulation study was performed under various process distributions, in order to compare the accuracy and the precision of the proposed PCI with those of the PCI based on the expected loss derived from the normal distribution. The proposed PCI turned out to be more accurate than the normal PCI in most cases, especially when the process distribution has high kurtosis or skewness. It is expected that the proposed PCI can be utilized In real processes where the true distribution family may not be known.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to classify women's face types by visual distinction and to analyze the measurement of face types. A survey was conducted by subjects of 167 women's college students in Kwangju City and Chonnam area. Data were analyzed by Frequencies, Mean, one way ANOVA and Ducan's Multiple Range Test. The major results were as followed ; ·Women's face types were classified by 7 types and there were oblong shape(28.3%), egg shape(25.7%), round shape(23.9%), square shape(12.4%), inverted triangle shape(5.3%), diamond shape(3.5%), triangle shape(0.8%) in the subjects. ·From the measurements of the women's face, index of face length to face breadth was 1.38, it means that the index was different from the other refferences. And the lower face length was longer than the upper and the middle face lengths. ·Differences From those measurements like forehead breadth, face length/bizigion breath(p〈.001), bizigion breadth, bignathion slopper, stature(p〈.01) and trichion breadth, tragion-menton length(p〈.05) were significant in the classified face types.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2021

Query applications based on nested data, the most commonly used form of data representation on the web, especially precise query, is becoming more extensively used. MapReduce, a distributed architecture with parallel computing power, provides a good solution for big data processing. However, in practical application, query requests are usually concurrent, which causes bottlenecks in server processing. To solve this problem, this paper first combines a column storage structure and an inverted index to build index for nested data on MapReduce. On this basis, this paper puts forward an optimization strategy which combines query execution service tree and frequent sub-query trajectory to reduce the response time of frequent queries and further improve the efficiency of multi-user concurrent queries on large scale nested data. Experiments show that this method greatly improves the efficiency of nested data query.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.540-552
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 대규모 이질 XML 문서들에 대한 부분 매치 질의를 효과적으로 처리하는 새로운 방법 XIR-Linear를 제안한다. XPath 질의는 XML 문서를 표현하는 트리 구조에 대한 경로 표현식 (path expression)으로 쓰여진다. 주요한 형태의 XPath 질의는 부분 매치 질의(partial match query)이다. XIR-Linear의 목적은 이질적인 스키마들을 가진 대규모 문서들에 대한 부분 매치 질의를 효과적으로 지원하는 것이다. XIR-Linear는 관계형 테이블을 이용한 스키마-레벨 방법에 기반을 두고, 역 인덱스 (inverted index) 기술을 사용하여 XPath 질의 처리의 효율성을 획기적으로 향상시킨다. 본 방법은 레이블 경로(label path)를 덱스트로 간주하고 레이블 경로 내의 레이블(label)들을 텍스트 내에 있는 키워드(keyword)로 간주한 후, 레이블들을 정보 검색 기술을 이용하여 인덱스 함으로써 전통적인 방법들에서 사용된 스트링 매치(string match) 보다 효율적인 방법으로 질의와 매치되는 레이블 경로들을 찾을 수 있도록 하였다. 성능 평가에서는 인터넷에서 수집한 XML 문서들을 사용하여 기존의 관계형 테이블을 이용하는 XRel, XParent와 비교 실험함으로써, 제안한 방법의 효율성을 입증한다. 실험을 통해 XIR-Linear가 실험 범위 내에서 XRel 이나 XParent에 비해 수십 배 이상 좋은 성능을 보이며, XML 문서 수의 증가함에 따라 더욱 우수하다는 것을 보인다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.604-612
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the association of waist circumference (WC) with body composition among individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI) to distinguish muscle and fat mass, as both affect health differently. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We analyzed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry data (derived from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, which includes information on fat and lean mass) of 7,493 adults with a normal BMI. Subjects were categorized into four groups of increasing WC. The fourth group was defined as being centrally obese. Each number of subjects are as follows: 1,870, 695, 231, and 39 among men and 3,054, 1,100, 406, and 98 among women. We conducted a sex-stratified linear regression analysis of body composition according to WC group after adjustments for covariates. RESULTS: We observed a positive association of body fat with increasing WC in both men and women (all P for trend: < 0.001). The adjusted mean values for percent body fat with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to the four WC groups in ascending order were 17.8 (17.5-18.3), 21.0 (20.6-21.5), 22.1 (21.5-22.8), and 25.1 (24.2-26.1) in men and 29.7 (29.4-30.0), 32.0 (31.6-32.3), 32.9 (32.4-33.4), and 34.7 (33.2-36.1) in women. However, there was an inverted J-shaped association between muscle mass and WC. The fourth group had a higher percent body fat and lower muscle mass than other groups. The adjusted mean values for appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (kg/m²) with 95% CIs according to the four WC groups in ascending order were 7.55 (7.51-7.59), 7.62 (7.56-7.68), 7.65 (7.56-7.74), and 7.22 (7.04-7.41) in men and 5.83 (5.80-5.85), 5.96 (5.92-6.00), 6.03 (5.96-6.10), and 5.88 (5.73-6.03). CONCLUSIONS: There was a positive association between body fat and WC among individuals with normal BMI; conversely there was an inverted J-shaped association between lean body mass and WC. Our findings support the WC measurement should be included in obesity evaluations for adults with a normal BMI.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1997

이 논문은 자료접근 방법중 신속한 자료접근 및 갱신작업을 위해 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 인덱스(INDEX) 기법을 분석 비교함으로써 효율적인 데이타베이스 시스템을 위한 기초를 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 기존의 자료접근 기법들을 편의에 의해 자료 군집형태와 검출 형태에 따라 분류하고 인덱스 기법을 단일키와 다중키로 구분하였다. 단일키 인덱싱 기법을 동적 인덱스와 정적 인덱스 기법으로 나누어 비교 설명하고, 다중키 인덱스 기법중에서 K-d 트리, K-d-B 트리 및 역 화일과 그리드 화일의 자료 구조 특성을 비교 분석한 다음 각 기범들의 구조적 특성과 추출 질의어에 의한 일반적인 성능 특성을 비교 분석하였다.