• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 2015

Universal design is defined as the design process of products and environments usable by all people to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design. The benefits of universal design have been promoted primarily through illustrative 'success stories' of public, residential and occupational environments and products. While case examples may be informative, they may unfortunately be limited in terms of generality to other designs or tasks. Therefore, design methods and criteria that can be applied systematically in a range of situations to encourage universal design are needed. In addition, the seven principles of universal design are intended to guide the design process. The principles provide a framework that allows a systematic evaluation of new or existing designs and assists in educating both designers and consumers about the characteristics of more usable products and environments. However, exactly how these principles are incorporated into the design process has beenleft up to the designer. Since the introduction of universal design, designers have become familiar with the principles of universal design, and they have developed many products based on universal design. However, the principles of universal design are qualitative, which means designers cannot quantitatively evaluate their designs. Some have worked to develop more systematic ways to evaluate products and environments by providing design guidelines for each of the principles. However, recommendations have not yet been made regarding how to integrate performance measures of universal design into the product design process before the product is mass produced. Furthermore, there are sets of requirements regarding each user group that has different age and ability. Consequently, there is an urgent need for design methods, based on a better understanding of age and ability related factors, which will lead to a universally designed product or environment. The authors have proposed the PSD (Preference Set-Based Design) method that can generate a ranged set of feasible solutions (i.e., robust and flexible solution set) instead of single point solution that satisfies changing sets of design targets. The objective of this paper is to develop a general method for systematically supporting the universal design process. This paper proposes the applicability of PSD method to universal design. Here, the proposed method is successfully illustrated with a universal design problem.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.537-547
• /
• 2013

최근 사회의 급격한 변화는 사회내 모든 부분에 반영되어 성과와 효율에 대한 무한 경쟁의 모습으로 나타나고 있다. 교육 분야도 이 같은 상황은 예외가 아니어서 수요자의 요구를 충족시키기 위한 형태로 대학간 전공간 경쟁이 심화되고 있다. 주문식 교육제도의 도입은 바로 이러한 특성을 반영한 대학의 생존전략 중에 하나이다. 치위생학의 주문식 교육과정에 대한 연구결과 치과병의원의 관리자들은 치과진료보조분야의 직무를 치과위생사의 주요업무라고 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 치과위생사들은 구강보건교육을 주요업무로 생각하고 있었으나 실제에 있어서는 본인의 의사와 달리 치과병의원 관리자의 의사를 따르는 것으로 나타나 1차적으로 산업체의 요구에 따른 산업체 현장실습강화가 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 이와 함께 치과위생사의 주요 역할인 예방치과처치, 구강보건교육을 강화함으로써 병의원 내에서 치과위생사의 지위가 안정적으로 정착되게 하여 직장생활을 통해 자아실현의 기회를 제공할 필요도 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.1-32
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 중소기업에 대한 회계투명성 제고를 위하여 독립된 중소기업회계 기준의 도입의 필요성을 제기하고, 독립된 중소기업회계기준의 도입에 대한 방향을 제시한다. 정부는 상장기업을 중심으로 회계투명성 관련 제도를 지속적으로 도입하였다. 그러나 상대적으로 비상장 중소기업의 회계투명성의 제고를 위한 제도의 도입은 매우 적다. 중소기업의 회계투명성제고을 위하여 중소기업이 이해하고 활용할 수 있는 중소기업회계기준의 도입이 반드시 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근 도입된 회계투명성 관련 제도를 살펴보았고, 중소기업의 투명성제고 방안과 관련된 선행연구를 살펴보았으며, 독립된 중소기업회계제도의 도입 방안을 살펴보았다. 독립된 중소기업회계기준의 도입을 위하여 현행회계기준의 문제점 및 중소기업회계기준의 필요성을 설명하고, 외국의 중소기업회계제도에 대하여 살펴보았다. 중소기업회계기준의 도입방안으로 완화방안과 강화방안을 제시한다. 완화방안으로는 이해용이성의 향상, 적용간편성의 증대, 세법과의 일관성 확보의 방안을 제시하였다. 강화방안으로 중소기업의 실상반영, 회계투명성관련 기준의 명문화와 관리적 회계보고측면의 강화의 방안을 제시하였다. 추가적으로 독립된 중소기업회계기준의 도입방향의 문제점과 대책을 기술하고, 보급방안을 제시한다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.13-35
• /
• 2011

한국과 같이 무역의존도가 높은 국가에서 항만은 국제무역증진, 해운산업의 발달 및 연관산업을 직간접으로 발전시킨다는 점에서 경제적 중요성이 크다고 할 수 있다. 또한 항만은 상품의 수출입기능을 수행하는 육 해상수송의 연결지로서 뿐만 아니라 생산수단으로서 더욱 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 항만 서비스 요인들의 효율성을 달성하기 위해서는 항만 물류정보화에 대한 시스템 구축이 선행되어야 한다. 또한 항만에서의 정보기술에 대한 사용자의 수용행태를 이해하고 보다 효율적인 항만물류 서비스 목적을 달성하기 위해 지속적인 항만물류 서비스 시스템을 개선해야 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 항만물류서비스의 정보기술 서비스의 수용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 기술수용모델을 기반으로 항만서비스 사용기업들의 특성을 반영한 연구모형을 개발하였다. 이와 같은 개발된 연구모형에 따라 항만물류 서비스의 기술수용모델의 요인들을 개발하여 항만서비스의 기술수용모델의 적용에 따른 효율성을 찾고자 한다. 결론적으로 항만에서 정보기술을 도입하여 항만 이용 당사자에게 제공함으로써, 항만제품 서비스 품질에 만족할 수 있고, 항만서비스에 정보기술을 도입하면 사용행동의도가 높아진다는 것이다. 그리고 사용행동의도가 실제적으로 항만 서비스 품질을 사용하는데 긍정적 효과가 있다. 따라서 항만 관계 시설에 정보기술을 도입하면, 항만 이용자에게는 업무 신속성과 비용절감, 인적감소, 항만 환경보호 등 전반적으로 직간접적인 항만 생산성 향상에 기여하게 될 것이다. 따라서 항만 정보기술의 지속적인 개발과 도입을 함으로써 글로벌 경쟁력을 발생할 것이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 1992

Cultivation of competent manpower is recognized as one of the important factors in the development of fisheries as well as of other industries. For reference to the development of education of fisheries high schools in the Republic of Korea, the author carried out a study on the education in Japan. The reason is why the education on fisheries had been initiated in Japan and her educational system has played the role of a model for neighboring countries. Even though the education on fisheries tends to shrink a little in recent years by diffusing the unwilling tendency to engage in 3D (dirty, difficult and dangerous) jobs, there are fifty-one high schools educating fisheries in Japan. Thirty-eight of them are specialized fisheries high schools and the others are comprehensive high schools to put common course and fisheries course together. In the first step of study, the goal of education on fisheries, organization of department and arrangement of curriculum are analysed. 1. In the newly arranged curriculum which will come into effect from 1994, the goal of education on fisheries is set up as "By educating fundamental knowledge and technology on the production and circulation in the field of fisheries, have students understand the significance and role of fisheries, and so cultivate ability and active attitude to the development of fisheries". The goal means that the circulation of fishery products are regarded as important as the production itself, and active attitude to the development of fisheries is also stressed, different from the present goal. 2. Standard departments directed by the Government are set up as five-Departments of Marine Fishing, of Fisheries Engineering, of Information Communication, of Fish Culture, of Sea Foods. But they are actually organized and named by the founders of schools-local government. Then there are many unique-named departments and the management of schools are somewhat flexible according to the situation of local district. 3. Special subjects are revised to twenty-four in the new curriculum from twenty-two in the present curriculum. Among them the contents are widely revised in the subjects such as Introduction to Fisheries, Fisheries Engineering, Communication Engineering, Communication Technology, Fish Culture. On the other hand, five subjects such as Information Treatment on Fisheries, Information Technology on Fisheries, Subjective Study, Fisheries Economics, Circulation of Sea Foods are newly set up to meet the changing phase of the time.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.287-293
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 서부경남 진주지역 생딸기 주스 상점에서 미생물학적 오염도를 조사하고 그 결과를 주스 HACCP 도입을 위한 미생물학적 정보를 제공하기 위하여 수행하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 총 75점의 시료를 5곳의 상점으로부터 채취하였으며, 일반세균수, coliforms, 그리고 E. coli와 같은 위생지표세균을 평가하였다. 아울러 E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Staphylococus aureus and Listeia monocytogenes와 같은 병원성 미생물을 검사하였다. 위생지표세균 검사결과 일반세균수는 $0-5.2\;log_{10}\;CFU/(mL,\;g,\;100cm^{2},\;hand)$. coliform은 $0-2.8\;log_{10}\;CFU/(mL,\;g,\;100cm^{2},\;hand)$ 수준으로 검출되었다. 또한 4곳의 상점에서 판매되고 있는 딸기 주스에서 E. coli가 검출되었다. 한편, 병원성 미생물의 경우는 S. aureus가 19% 검출되었으며 특히 가장 빈번하게 검출된 시료는 작업자의 손, 딸기, 딸기 주스였다. 그러나 E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp.와 L. monocytogenes는 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 안전한 주스의 생산을 위해서는 모든 생산단계에서 미생물학적 위해를 감소시킬 수 있는 HACCP 제도가 도입되어야 하며 주스 HACCP 도입을 위해서는 작업자가 HACCP의 원리를 이해하고 적용할 수 있는 교육이 선행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 1992

The area of grassland established and the arable land in forage production have been decreased recently in Korea. As a result, forages available from the grassland and the arable land provided only 40% of the total roughage consumed by cattle in 1991, compared with 54% in 1989. The decreasing trend of the forage production has been impinged on by a number of legislative. socio-economic. technical and other constraints negatively affecting grassland and forage development. Consequently. effective systems and strategies are quite necessary to have sustainable grassland farming in Korea. In spring and autumn, temperatures are too low for subtropical forage crops, and the summer monsoon climate is another serious limitation to the use of cool-season species. Therefore it is an imperative that not only the research-based grassland development but also the forage crop production should be strongly supported by the government authorities to overcome such climatic limitations. Private forest land holdings are of relatively small units in Korea. Accordingly. it is necessary and important to enlarge the forest land holdings per farm to develop as economic units of grassland. For this the government should introduce new policy measures such as for example: long-term leases of Sorest land and the idle arable land of absentee owners ; rational rental system of national and public forest lands; integrating livestock and forest production. All the laws and regulations standing in the way of the grassland development in forest lands should be modified and revised to open the way for much easier development of grassland. It is also proposed that a high level of financial incentives -hould be provided for structural improvements for the grassland development. They may be: mechanization facilitation, construction of new roads relating to grassland, and land exchange and consolidation. And it is basically necessary that financial enumeration or profits must be garanteed in order to motivate farmers to keep up farming continuously. For more efficient grassland development in mountainous areas, reorganization of Alpine Experiment Station and NAB1 Namwon Branch Station may be needed. Research should be strengthened for completion of pasture mixtures, development of maximum forage production methods with a view to saving labor and reducing production costs, introduction of grazing and forage conservation techniques. and utilization of rice straw as more palatable and nutritious forage source. In order to have more efficient and effective transfer of advanced forage production technologies to livestock farmers the user-clients. it is also essential that special training measures should be given to livestock farmers through making greater use of specialized research and extension workers.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2016

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the effects of acupuncture stimulation on the radial artery's pressure pulse wave, along with various hemodynamic parameters, and to explore the possible underlying mechanism of pulse diagnosis in healthy participants in their twenties. Methods and analysis: This study is a prospective, single-arm, exploratory clinical study. A total of 25 healthy participants, without regard to gender, in their twenties will be recruited by physicians. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The participants will receive acupuncture once at ST36 on both sides. The radial arterial pulse waves will be measured on the left arm of the subjects by using an applicable pulse tonometric device (KIOM-PAS). On the right arm (appearing twice), electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), respiration and cardiac output (CO) signals, will be measured using a physiological data acquisition system (Biopac module), while the velocity of blood flow, and the diameter and the depth of the blood vessel will be measured using an ultrasonogram machine on the right arm (appearing twice). All measurements will be conducted before, during, and after acupuncture. The primary outcome will be the spectral energy at high frequencies above 10 Hz ($SE_{10-30Hz}$) calculated from the KIOM-PAS device signal. Secondary outcomes will be various variables obtained from the KIOM-PAS device, ECG, PPG, impedance cardiography modules, and an ultrasonogram machine. Discussion: The results of this trial will provide information regarding the physiological and the hemodynamic mechanisms underlying acupuncture stimulation and clinical evidence for the influence of acupuncture on the pressure pulse wave in the radial artery. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kyung Hee University's Oriental Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (KOMCIRB-150818-HR-030). The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. Trial registration number: This trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) at the Korea National Institute of Health (NIH), Republic of Korea (KCT0001663), which is a registry in the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Registry Network.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 2011

사회간접자본(SOC)은 국가 산업부문과 국민경제에 매우 큰 영향을 끼치는 생산요소로 이에 대한 투자는 경제성장에 있어 필수적이며, 국가 경쟁력을 결정하는 주요 요소이다. 이러한 중요성을 인식하여 정부에서는 지난 1999년부터 예비타당성조사 제도를 도입하여 SOC 사업시행 유 무를 검토하고 있으나 과학적 투자평가방법의 미비, 조사 결과의 신뢰성 저하 등 근본적인 문제가 끊임없이 제기되고 있다. 이를 개선하고자 수행된 주요기관의 선행연구는 대부분 수요추정 및 경제성 분석 중심으로 진행되었고, 예비타당성조사의 주요 단계인 정책적 분석에 대한 연구진행은 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 관련 학문과의 적절한 융합과 조화가 요구되는 (예비)타당성조사의 정책적 분석단계에 대하여 현행 전문가의 경험과 관련 자료에 의한 정성적 평가를 개선하고자 가치공학(VE)의 성능평가기법을 활용한 정량적 의사결정모델을 개발 제안하여 분석결과의 정량화를 유도하고 체계적 분석절차에 의한 전략적 판단도구로의 활용과 신규투자사업 목표에 대한 정책적 측면의 가치향상에 기여하고자 한다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제21권
• /
• pp.61-101
• /
• 1991

This study reviews the development and change of main entry principle in German cataloging codes, with special emphasis on RAK. With rerard to the functions of catalog, comparison between the traditional title main entry in the Orient and author main entry in the West has been made. The analysis confirms in this study that various criteria in choice of the entries in RAK have been adopted. In case of works where the persons who have played different roles in the works are named on the title page, as well as related works and works of mixed responsibility, the criteria of entry determination are complex and time consuming process and have no absolute value. And there are also various kinds of problems in corporate entries including confirmation of originator(Urheber), choice of either the territorial authority corncerned or corporate bodies as an entry depending on the nature of the publications, and a unique bibliographical situation of treaties. This means the code is absence of absolute value in selecting entries, and this results in adoption of main entry principle which has lost its significance for the purpose of cataloging. With emergence of the ISBD and actualization of automated cataloging, morever, all entries are equal as points of access. It would eliminate the need for personal judgements required in choice of main entry by the present code. In doing so, it would bring uniformity and standardization to cataloging practice. In direct approach to works, title entry is more developed finding device than author entry in cataloging theories. Thus introduction of unit card system beginning with title which is adopted in KCR3 would be desirable, the complicated rules for the choice of entry could be abandoned from cataloging codes. Most of the user studies show that catalog users have placed higher value on the title entry as a finding device and each entry is equal as access points through unit entry. This means that choice of a given entry as a main entry is unnecessary in cataloging codes. Title entry would be a rather simple standard and direct approach for works. This study proves that the traditional title entry of Korea is superior to author main entry in the Western world in cataloging theory. Thus recommendation to be made is that abandonment of author main entry from cataloging codes should be considered in the future.