• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2002

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is usually diagnosed in the newborn period and early infancy. The common presentation of HD in newborns consists of a history of delayed passage of meconium within the first 48 hours of life. The differential diagnosis in newborns is one of the clinical challenges of this disorder. A number of medical conditions which cause functional obstruction of the intestines are easily excluded. Neonates with meconium ileus, meconium plug syndrome, distal ileal atresia and low imperforate anus often present in a manner similar to those with HD in the first few days of life. Abdominal radiographs may help to diagnose complete obstruction such as intestinal atresia. Microcolon on contrast enema can be shown in cases with total colonic aganglionosis, ileal atresia or meconium ileus. Suction rectal biopsy or frozen section biopsy at operation is essential for differential diagnosis in such cases. HD is also considered in any child who has a history of constipation regardless of age. Older children with functional constipation may have symptoms that resemble those of HD and contrast enema is usually diagnostic. However, children with other motility disorders generally referred to as chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction present with very similar symptoms and radiographic findings. These disorders are classified according to their histologic characteristics.; visceral myopathy, visceral neuropathy, intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND), hypoganglionosis, immature ganglia, internal sphincter achalasia. Therefore, the workup for motility disorders should include rectal biopsy not only to confirm the presence of ganglion cells but also evaluate the other pathologic conditions.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.197-205
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• 2024

T-lymphocytic intestinal leiomyositis is a rare cause of "pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstructions." Diagnosis may be difficult and requires full-thickness bowel biopsies during laparotomy or laparoscopy with possible enterostomy. Currently, immunosuppressive therapy is the only available treatment. A delay in diagnosis and therapy may negatively affect the prognosis because of ongoing fibrotic alterations; therefore, early diagnosis and consequent treatment are crucial. This review summarizes the available information on the nosology, diagnostic steps, and treatment modalities. Here, we report the youngest case of enteric leiomyositis reported in the last two decades and analyze its management by reviewing previous cases.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.188-195
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• 1989

Hyangsayangwee-Tang, a combined preparation of crude drugs, which has been used for stomach and intestinal disorder, was examined for anti-spasmodic, anti-ulcerative and anti-emetive effects. Spontaneous motility of isolated ileum was strongly suppressed and inhibitory effects against contraction of isolated ileum induced by acetylcholine and barium chloride were shown in mice. And, contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum by histamine was inhibited. In rats fundus preparations, Hyangsayangwee-Tang elicited strong relaxation and had antagonist effects against the spasm induced by acetylcholine and barium chloride. A significant inhibitory effect on the intestinal propulsion of barium sulfate in mice was shown. In pylorus-ligated rats, Hyangsangwee-Tang inhibited gastric secretion and showed a strong anti-peptic activity. Protective effects against gastric ulceration induced by pyloric ligation, water-immersion stress, histamine and aspirin were significantly recognized in mice and rats. Hyangsayangwee-Tang decreased cupric sulfate-induced vomitting in frogs.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.210-220
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• 1998

The relationships between emotion, stress and gastro-intestinal dysfunction were briefly reviewed. Until now, several kinds of theories on about pathophysiology, such as motility dysfunction, changes of pain perception on the lumen, dysregulations on the central nervous system associated with psychosocial factors were reported. However, none of those factors could'nt give any clues for the causes of the functional bowel disorders. For understanding the meaning of the symptoms and for the treatment approach, clinicians should give attention to the comprehensive point of view, i.e., not only biological but also psychological aspects of the patients with non-organic bowel dysfunctions. Giving warm and kind explanations to the patient about symptom formation and progression and understanding the patient's illness behaviors, and good and strong doctor-patient relationship is essentials for the treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.139-149
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to compare the effect of needle retention(NR) and electro-acupuncture of low(EA(L)) and high(EA(H)) frequencies at $SP_6$ and Sham point in rats. Methods : Intestinal hypermotility was induced by feeding carbachol and experimental groups divided mainly into 7 groups which were normal, holder, control, acupuncture in normal state of rats, pre-treatment of acupuncture(NR, EA) in hypermotility, post-treatment of acupuncture(NR, EA) in hypermotility. We fed charcoal to them after the treatment and measured the travel rate of charcoal in the gastrointestinal track so that which treatment affected more in intestinal hypermotility. Results : As the following study, each acupuncture ways of EA(L) had significant effect of decreasing travel rate on intestinal hypermotility than EA(H) and NR. The comparison between pre-treatment and post-treatment, pre-treatment had slight more effect than post-treatment but not significantly. There was more affected at $SP_6$ than Sham point on this study. Conclusions : There were 21 groups to find out which treatment was best to slow down the intestinal motility and $SP_6$-EA(L)-C had significant effect compared with control group at the figure than any other groups. That meant $SP_6$ had effect on gastric disorder such as intestinal hypermotility and its' effect had more prevention than cure. Further study was needed to have more precise effect of EA and $SP_6$.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.202-207
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• 2003

Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) is a disorder of abnormal intestinal innervation resulting in dysfunctional colonic motility. IND shares clinical features with Hirschsprung's disease but differentiated by histological findings such as hyperplasia of submucosal and myenteric plexuses, giant ganglia, ectopic ganglion cell and increased acetylcholinesterase activity in lamina propria. Although IND may exist as an isolated condition, more commonly, it occurs in association with Hirschsprung's disease. We report a case of twins affected with IND. Both children manifested with delayed passage of meconium and severe abdominal distention after birth. Barium enema in both patients showed microcolon. They underwent emergency ileostomy under the impression of total aganglionosis. But surgical biopsy specimens showed hyperganglionosis in submucosa with formation of giant ganglia. Both neonates suffers from several episodes of peudo-obstruction after the repair operation of colostomy.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.471-478
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• 2016

Background: Constipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. The present study examined the ability of water extract of fermented (FRC) and non-fermented (NFRC) roasted Cassia tora to improve intestinal function and reduce constipation in a rat constipation model. Methods and Results: Different concentration of FRC and NFRC were orally administered loperamide (5 mg/kg; LOP) reduced the number, weight, and water content of feces, as well as intestinal transit motility. However, 24 h-(24 hour fermented roasted-Cassia tora) 300 mg/kg FRC administration increased the number, weight, and water concent of feces, compared to that seen in the LOP group, and also improve intestinal transit mitility and, the thickness of distal colon and mucous fluid. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that LOP-induced constipation was improved by treatment with FRC. Therefore FRC could be used to develop functional foods or natural medicine for constipation. However, further study is needed to clarify how fermentation improves the medicinal properties of roasted C. tora.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.327-336
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• 1996

IBS(Irritable bowel syndrome) means disorder of intestinal motility. To increase the cure rate of IBS, we have observed and analysed 26 persons who have administered Ansinbobitang(安神補脾湯), Ansinbobitang(安神補脾湯) consists of herb medicines which have tranquilizational(安神), reinforcing the spleen(補脾), and tonifying the kidney's Yang(補腎陽) effects. From this study we obtained as follows. 1. 16 cases of IBS patients were male and 10 cases were female. Male of female ratio was 1 : 1.6, and the peak age in incidence of IBS was in End and 3rd decade. 2. Duration of IBS attack, the most frequence is $0{\sim}1$ year and $3{\sim}5$ years. 3. Seasonal distribution of IBS attack reveals the peak occurrence in autumn. 4. Duration of treatments, the most frequence is $2{\sim}3$ weeks. 5. Ansinbobitang(安神補脾湯) shows 88.5% of effective rate.