• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2015

Objectives To investigate the relationship between cervical intervertebral space narrowing in the X-ray and HIVD level of cervical spine in the CT image. Methods We studied 101 subjects who were taken cervical spine X-ray and CT. Intervertebral space were measured at the anterior, middle and posterior portion of each cervical disc in the X-ray. Considering individual difference, intervertebral space was set as value divided by upper width of lower vertebral body. We analyzed statistically adjusted intervertebral space of normal group and herniated disc group using student' t t-test. Results Intervertebral space of cervical spine was narrowed in the herniated disc group. But there was no significant difference at C2~C3. Conclusions We found that narrowing intervertebral space of cervical spine is associated with herniated disc. Further clinical observation is needed.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.284-287
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• 2001

Three dogs referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University were diagnosed as intervertebral disc disease. Physical examination, neurologic examination, survey radiograph, and myelography were performed in patients. Case 1 showed narrowing intervertebral space and calcified intervertebral disc material in survey radiograph. Case 2 showed increased opacity in the intervertebral opacity in survey radiograph. All of 3 cases showed extradural pattern during myelography. In survey radiography, radiographic signs consistent with intervertebral disc herniations include narrowing of the disc space and the dorsal intervertebral articular process joint space, small intervertebral foramen, increase opacity in the intervertebral foramen and extruded, mineralized disc material within the vertebral canal. Myelography is useful for evaluating the spinal cord and the cauda equina. Indication for myelography includes confirming a spinal lesion seen or suspected on survey radiograph, defining the extent of a survey lesion, finding a lesion not observed on survey radiograph, and distinguishing between surgical and nonsurgical lesion. In presentcases, two of three cases show radiographic signs of IVDD with survey radiograph and all of three case show extradural pattern during myelography. It is observed that intervertebral disc disease is one of the most important indication for radiographic examination and myelography of the vertebral column of small animals.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Background: Manual traction with a belt is a physiotherapy treatment method that reduces disk pressure and widens the disk space. In clinical settings, it is applied to numerous patients with herniated intervertebral disk (HIVD). This study aimed to identify the effects of manual traction with a belt on the intervertebral space in patients with lumbar HIVDs. Methods: The intervention was performed on 17 patients with lumbar HIVDs who were divided into two groups: one with eight patients having HIVD at L4~L5 and another group with nine patients having HIVD at L5~S1. The participants received manual traction with a belt twice a week for 12 weeks, and radiographic imaging was used to visualize the intervertebral space and compare it before and after treatment. Results: Manual traction with a belt increased the lumbar intervertebral space at L4~L5 and L5~S1 in patients with L4~L5 HIVD. A significant difference was observed in the L4-L5 distance (p<.01); however, no significant difference was observed in the L5~S1 distance (p>.05). The intervertebral space significantly increased at both L4~L5 and L5~S1 in patients with L5~S1 HIVD (p<.05). Conclusion: Thus, manual traction with a belt increased the intervertebral space in patients with L4~L5 and L5~S1 HIVDs. These results are expected to guide studies on manual traction with belts in clinical settings in the future. Further studies using the present research as an objective study method are anticipated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.269-272
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• 2017

We report a patient with a wooden foreign body granuloma in the intervertebral disc space being symptomatic 17 years after a paraspinal penetrant trauma. According to the our result of the search for wooden foreign body granulomas, this is the first case suffered from a wooden foreign body granuloma in the intervertebral disc space that reported in the literature. In this report, we emphasized the importance of rigorous examination and follow up in paraspinal wooden penetrant traumas.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2014

The Spinal cage is the cage-shaped implantable medical device used to treat structural abnormalities caused by degenerative intervertebral disks. In order to secure enough space to provide the mechanical stability and the intervertebral fusion, after removing the intervertebral disc, the Spinal cage is transplanted between the intervertebral space. A hammer is used to push the spinal cage into a narrow space during the spinal cage transplant surgery. Due to the impact and pressure, damage occurs frequently on the spinal cage. In this study, a test model is constructed to measure the value of impulse generally applied on the Spinal cage. The figures of internal impulse before and after the improvement of the Spinal cage are then compared to suggest direction to improve the reliability of the spinal cage.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of this study was to suggest (diagnostic) criteria for lumbar disc space and see the correlation between lumbar disc space narrowing and the level of HIVD. Methods : We looked at the 113 patients diagnosed disc space narrowing with lumbar x-ray and MRI films who have visited Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine with low back pain in October,2013. The width of lumbar disc space and the severity of Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) on MRI films were collected and stastically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results : In this study, measured value(%) for lumbar disc space of the group diagnosed serious HIVD, such as protrusion, extrusion and migration was significantly decresed compared to the normal group and the bulging group. Conclusion : There was a significant correlation between lumbar disc space narrowing and the level of HIVD.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.519-522
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• 2003

An appearance of herniated intervertebral disc into thoracolumbar vertebral canal was evaluated in two patients using computed tomography (CT). Before CT scanning, plain radiography and myelography were performed in both cases. CT images were compared to those of myelography. Dogs were positioned in sternal recumbency under inhalation anesthesia and transverse slices with 2 mm thickness were obtained around thoracolumbar region. The transverse CT images were examined using both vertebral and spiral window mode. The most common findings on CT images were loss of vertebral canal epidural fat, bulging of vertebral canal disc margins, displacement of spinal cord and flatted vertebral canal. Whereas, narrowed intervertebral disc space and simple extradural pattern were the main findings on plain and contrast radiographs. CT imges showed the extent of the herniated disc lesion, type II intervertebral disc hernation, and the displacement of spinal cord in detail in both occations. It is considered that degree and precise localization of the intervertebral disc herniation and subtle lesion of spinal cord could be identified accurately using computed tomography.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.86-89
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• 2014

Discal cyst is an intraspinal cyst with a distinct communication with the corresponding intervertebral disc. It is a rare condition and could present with radiculopathy similar to that caused by lumbar disc herniation. We present a patient with a large discal cyst in the ventrolateral epidural space of the $5^{th}$ lumbar vertebral (L5) level that communicated with the adjacent $4^{th}$ lumbar and $5^{th}$ lumbar intervertebral disc, causing L5 radiculopathy. We alleviated the radiating pain with selective transforaminal epidural blocks.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2017

A 55-year-old male presented with dysesthesia of the right anteromedial thigh. A magnetic resonance image revealed a globular mass at the right extraforaminal area of the L3/4 level. Based on the diagnosis of neurogenic tumor, surgical excision was performed. The surgical impression and pathology confirmed extrusion of intervertebral disc. In a retrospective review of the magnetic resonance image, we noticed a fibrillary pattern directed from the intervertebral disc space to the lesion, and disrupted annulus fibrosus and indentation caused by the ring apophysis. We suggest aforementioned features, indicative of intervertebral disc lesions, to be checked when interpreting mass lesions around the intervertebral foramen.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.114-118
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• 1999

Backgrouds: Cervical epidural blocks were used as part of a comprehensive multimodal treatment program for patients with chronic pain in the head, neck and upper extremities. The depth of the epidural space beneth the skin surface varies at different levels of the spinal column in the same patient. It also varies from patient to patient at the same vertebral level. We studied the distance the skin to the cervical epidural space in adults patients at different intervertebral spaces. Methods: Date were gathered from 628 patients having cervical epidural block for relief of cervical and upper extrimity pain. All blocks were performed using hanging drop method after loss of resistance with saline at C5-6, C6-7, C7-T1 intervertebral space. Results: Mean distances for skin to cervical epidural space (DSES) were 5.42 cm, 5.06 cm, 4.68 cm in male, 5.00 cm, 4.61 cm, 4.10 cm in female at C7-T1, C6-7, C5-6 intervertebral space. DSES correlated with body weight, neck circumference and body mass index significantly. Conclusion: In the cervical spine, DSES varies from space to space. The longest DSES were noted at C7-T1 level in male, and the shortest DSES were at C5-6 in female. DSES has significant relationships with weight, neck circumference and body mass index.