• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.64-76
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• 2016

The step-wise process of colorectal carcinogenesis from aberrant crypt foci, adenoma to adenocarcinoma, is relatively suitable for chemopreventive intervention. Accumulated evidences have revealed that maintaining an undifferentiated state (stemness), inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles in this colon carcinogenesis process. However, appropriate molecular targets that are applicable to chemopreventive intervention regarding those three factors are still unclear. In this review, we summarized appropriate molecular targets by identification and validation of the prospective targets from a comprehensive overview of data that showed colon cancer preventive effects in clinical trials, epidemiological studies and basic research. We first selected a study that used aspirin, statins and metformin from FDA approved drugs, and epigallocatechin-gallate and curcumin from natural compounds as potential chemopreventive agents against colon cancer because these agents are considered to be promising chemopreventive agents. Experimental and observational data revealed that there are common target molecules in these potential chemopreventive agents: T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF), nuclear factor-&B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2). Moreover, these targets, TCF/LEF, NF-κB and NRF2, have been also indicated to suppress maintenance of the undifferentiated state, inflammation and oxidative stress, respectively. In the near future, novel promising candidate agents for colon cancer chemoprevention could be identified by integral evaluation of their effects on these three transcriptional activities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.803-812
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify attributes of the concept of spiritual care. Method: Walker & Avant's concept analysis framework was employed to review the clinical guidelines, nursing text books, and nursing research articles which were related to spiritual care and published from 1985 to 2005. Result: The attributes of the concept of spiritual care were a three stage process such as spiritual assessment, spiritual intervention, and spiritual evaluation. Spiritual care included three dimensions of relationships such as transpersonal, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. The quality of spiritual care was dependent upon characteristics of care-givers such as perception and knowledge of spiritual care, and the clinical environment. The antecedents of spiritual care was spiritual needs due to the prompt events. The consequence of spiritual care was spiritual well-being. Conclusion: This concept analysis of spiritual care contributed to promote performance of spiritual care in clinical fields by removing conceptual ambiguity and confirming the true meaning of spiritual care.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to understand the nature and structure of "uncertainty of chronically ill patients" by explaining it more scientifically. This study is based on the unique experiences, which individual uncertainty experiences differ from others. In this sense, Q-methodology which includes self-psychology and abductive logics is applied to the study. The results indicate that there are six types of uncertainty of chronically ill patients : my own fault, self-esteem loss, self-care determination, cure-doubt, reality-restructure, and past-tenacity reality-absence. Thus, "uncertainty of chronically ill patients" is defined from the study as the process in which continuous transition and evaluation of possibility cause changes in human recognition, attitude, action, etc.. The significance of the study is threefold : (1) discovery of six types of uncertainty of chronically ill patients in Korean people, (2) the better understanding of "uncertainty of chronically ill patients", (3) possible developments of nursing concept and assessment and intervention technique based on the new dimension of the understanding in uncertainty for nursing of chronically ill patients from this research.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.127-131
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• 2007

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) has been a convenient term used to classify patients who warrant a particular systemic approach to diagnostic evaluation and management. The greatest clinical concern in evaluating FUO is identifying patients whose fever has a serious or life-threatening cause when a delay in diagnosis could jeopardize successful intervention. Thorough history and complete physical examination are critical to uncover the etiologic diagnosis. Most cases of FUO in children are caused by atypical presentations of common diseases rather than by typical manifestations of rare disorders. Selection of diagnostic tests and speed of investigation should be guided by a knowledge of the disease severity, patient age, epidemiologic and geographic information, and any positive findings from a detailed history and physical examination. The three most common causes of FUO in children are infectious diseases, connective tissue diseases, and malignancy. In general, the prognosis of FUO in children is better than that of adults. Although the outcome is dependent on the primary disease process, fever abates spontaneously in most cases in whom the cause of fever remains unclear.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2019

The majority of children with cerebral palsy (CP) have feeding difficulties and are especially prone to malnutrition. The early involvement of a multidisciplinary team should aim to prevent malnutrition and provide adequate nutritional support. Thorough nutritional assessment, including body composition, should be a prerequisite for the nutritional intervention. As in typically-developed children nutritional support should start with dietary advice and the modification of oral feeding, if safe and acceptable. However, for prolonged feeding, in the presence of unsafe swallowing and inadequate oral intake, enteral nutrition should be promptly initiated and early gastrostomy placement should be evaluated and discussed with parents/caregivers. Gastrointestinal problems (oropharyngeal dysfunction, gastroesophageal disease, and constipation) in children with CP are frequent and should be actively detected and adequately treated as they can further worsen the feeding process and nutritional status.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.583-594
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• 2020

In this study, the existing concept of density has a limitation in providing the cause of phenomena, and the concept of buoyancy poses a problem because it has many misconceptions and requires an overly difficult concept to understand quantitative calculation, so we suggest an explaining method as process viewpoint introducing the principle of lever. The new method of explanation has been proposed using the lever as visual tool to reveal the gravity as the fundamental principle and process viewpoint. As a result, teachers stayed on many alternative concepts and less than half of the teachers were aware that density was related to gravity. In addition, they recognized it as matter viewpoints, but there is a meaningful conceptual change after intervention(p<.000). Also, they evaluated that the new method is better able to recognize the principle and process viewpoint than the existing description method. Through this, we can confirm the educational value of explaining method as process viewpoint introducing the principle of lever.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-101
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop strategies for creating health promoting school and to evaluate the implementation and its effect on the school. Methods: Based on WHO's Health Promoting School, we developed 5 strategies and implementing process for creating health promoting school and undertook The implementation process included workshops to raise awareness of the health promoting school, establishment of a school health team, review of the health needs of its community, development of an action plan, and practice of activities and reflect on program. Seventeen teachers (male 35.3%, female 64.7%) and 248 students (male 51.2%, female 47,6%) had completed pretest and posttest. Results: It was increasing in school's social environment, community relationship, personal skill and health service among components of HPS. However, there were no significant differences in self-reported health status and health behaviors among teachers. Although there were no significant changes in self-esteem, self-efficacy and BMI, there were significantly increasing in health knowledge, physical activities and fruit and vegetable intakes among students of a pilot school. Conclusion: Strategies for a creating health promoting school were appropriate to implement in school and they would also make a contribution to improve health knowledge and health behaviors in elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2011

This study purposes to conduct visual feedback and body posture control training on stroke patients with pusher syndrome in order to reduce their pusher syndrome. This study also examines changes resulting from the training and applies the guidelines necessary for documentation of patient/customer management. The participant for this study was one patient with pusher syndrome. The study progressed from a medical examination of the subject followed by evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention and treatment plan, and finally re-examination in order of precedence. Problems in the participant's functional activities, difficulties in changes from sitting postures into standing postures, and maintaining standing postures were determined as primary restrictions on activities and the improvement of these activities was set up as a goal through discussions with the patient. Interventions were mainly implemented to reduce the pusher syndrome with visual feedback provided using mirrors and exercises focusing on leaning in order to maintain posture while sitting. Changes from supine postures to sitting postures and the degree of changes in maintaining standing postures were compared between before and after the intervention by measuring times in the same environment and the degree of pusher syndrome was measured using the SCP tool. The process of this clinical practice was documented. The SCP score that indicates the degree of changes in the participant's pusher syndrome changed from 3.75 points to 0.8 point indicating a decrease in pushing. Among functional activities, posture changes from sitting postures to standing postures and maintaining standing postures were improved. In addition, since the patient could maintain standing postures, the patient could walk indoors. In this case study, mirrors and body posture control training used as interventions to relieve pusher syndromes can be easily applied in clinics to examine the form of functional recovery. The results indicated that these intervention methods were effective and thus it is thought that the results can be used as basic data to utilize these intervention methods diversely. In addition, the documentation of patient/client management was applied as actual documentation in Korean and based on the results, we could show decision making processes for patients' functional goals and objectively explain problems, prognoses and changes made through the interventions.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.327-339
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• 2018

This study aimed to provide basic data for establishing the clinical basis for dental hygienist-led dental hygiene process of care by identifying multiple risk factors for self-support program participants in Gangneung city; we also compared oral health status and behavioral changes through customized oral health care. Four dental hygienists who were evaluated for degree of conformity provided dental hygiene process of care to eight self-support program participants who were selected as having an oral health risk among people in the self-support center. The clinical indicators measured during dental hygiene assessment and evaluation and behavioral changes due to dental hygiene intervention were compared and analyzed. With respect to clinical indicators, at the time of probe, the retention rate of patients with gingival bleeding decreased from 61.4% to 14.7% after intervention (p=0.004). Furthermore, the retention rate of patients with a periodontal pocket >4 mm decreased from 15.6% to 5.8% (p=0.001). The average modified O'Leary index of the patients improved from 23 to 40 (p=0.002). Previously, all eight subjects used the vertical or horizontal method of brushing; after dental hygiene care interventions regarding method and frequency of toothbrushing, use of oral care products, and individual interventions, they started using the rolling or Bass method of toothbrushing. Four of eight subjects reported using interdental toothbrushes after intervention. As a result of applying the change model to the transtheoretical behavior change of the subject, the result of strengthening the health behavior was confirmed. For promotion of oral health by the prevention-centered incremental oral health care system, dental hygienist-led dental hygiene management and maintenance is essential. It is thought that continuous research, such as for feasibility evaluation, cost benefit analysis, and preparation of legal systems, is needed to establish and activate dental hygiene management.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct the structure, process and outcome of community-based home care nursing service and to examine their validity. Method: There were two steps. The first step was developing the structure and process of community-based home care and the second was evaluating the outcome of community-based home care. Home care services were provided to 25 clients who had health problems. Data on these clients were analyzed. Result: According to Albrecht Model, in the developed structure and process of community-based home care, structure contained facility's philosophy, organization, delivery system, steering committee, office, equipments, medical instruments, the home care nurse and client of home care nursing. Process contained classification of client. nursing diagnosis and nursing intervention. The majority of clients were men (56%). The service was used mostly by people aged over 50 (82%). The most frequent nursing diagnoses were altered urinary elimination (23.2%). impaired skin integrity (21.8%) and risk for infection (17.6%). Nursing interventions included wound care (16.7%), tube care (15.1%) and catheter care (14.5%). Conclusion: Several strategies are suggested from this study: first, activate a referral system within the national health care system: second, increase public information on home care nursing: third, develop home care nursing services for elderly people: and fourth, construct a cooperation system between home care services and social welfare services.