• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.449-458
• /
• 1996

Most of the conventional electrocardiowaphs foil to detect signals other than P-QRS-T due to the limited SNR and bandwidth. High-resolution electrocardiography(HRECG) provides better SNR and wider bandwidth for the detection of micro-potentials with higher frequency components such as vontricular late potentials(LP). We have developed a HRECG using uncorrected XYZ lead for the detection of LPs. The overall gain of the amplifier is 4000 and the bandwidth is 0.5-300Hz without using 60Hz notch filter. Three 16-bit A/D converters sample X, Y, and Z signals simultaneously with a sampling frequency of 2000Hz. Sampled data are transmitted to a PC via a DMA-controlled, optically-coupled serial communication channel. In order to further reduce the noise, we implemented a signal averaging algorithm that averaged many instances of aligned beats. The beat alignment was carried out through the use of a template matching technique that finds a location maximizing cross-correlation with a given beat tem- plate. Beat alignment error was reduced to $\pm$0.25ms. FIR high-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 40Hz was applied to remove the low frequency components of the averaged X, Y, and Z signals. QRS onset and end point were determined from the vector magnitude of the sigrlaIL and some parameters needed to detect the existence of LP were estimated. The entire system was designed for the easy application of the future research topics including the optimal lead system, filter design, new parameter extraction, etc. In the developed HRECG, without signal averaging, the noise level was less than 5$\mu$V$_rms RTI$. With signal averaging of at least 100 beats, the noise level was reduced to 0.5$\mu$V$_rms RTI$, which is low enough to detect LPs. The developed HRECG will provide a new advanced functionality to interpretive ECG analyzers.

• 해양정책연구
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.147-181
• /
• 2018

Currently, we are living in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. In the field of shipping industry, the MASS is a revolutionary game changer in the making arising out of such an industrial and technical innovation in the pursuit of radically challenging the pre-existing system of a human-operated vessel. Given this trend, the entire maritime regulatory regime, which has been designed by, and intertwined with, human seaworthiness, abruptly faces the most unprecedented normative confrontations now and increasingly in the coming days. As the constitution of ocean, UNCLOS, provides, every flag state is obliged to effectively exercise its jurisdiction to secure technical and human seaworthiness. Moreover, the coastal state may institute protective proceedings against vessels in respect of any violations of its laws to protect its marine environment in maritime zones of the coastal state. Further, UNCLOS acknowledges that the port state's authority extends to take administrative measures to prevent sub-standard ships from sailing within the ports or offshore-terminals of the state. These three jurisdictional functions will be required to more closely interface with each other than ever over the legal and political implications created by MASS. Although states' jurisdictional nuances are significant in this present world tilting back to protectionism, there are few articles to present jurisdictional issues of states and conceivable normative discourse with regard to MASS. This articles visits potential jurisdictional conflicts underlying MASS and tries to strike balance between contradictory interpretive approaches under UNCLOS while it is undeniable that this doctrinal research tends to strive to find justifications within the current framework of international law.

• 한국기록관리학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 기록관리 전문직의 경험 이면에 있는 인식과 그 의미를 해석하여 현재 처한 상황과 핵심 역량을 도출하고, 이를 토대로 전문가단체의 교육 서비스 방향을 모색하는 데 목적이 있다. 해석현상학적 연구방법을 통한 질적 데이터 분석 결과, 본 연구는 기록관리 현장의 요구 상황, 기록관리 전문직 핵심 역량, 교육 서비스 방향의 3개 범주와 10개 상위주제, 30개의 하위주제와 82개의 의미단위를 생성하였다. 이를 기반으로 전문가단체의 교육 서비스 방향으로, '업무 혁신을 위해 외부 동력을 확보할 수 있는 기회 제공', '기관 간 소통 및 공론화를 위한 학습 기회 제공', '새로운 파트너십과 실질적인 학습 기회 제공'을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 현재 기록관리 전문직이 처한 상황 속에서 실질적으로 요구 받고 있는 핵심 역량을 파악함으로써 전문가단체가 집중하여 지원해야 할 주요한 교육 서비스 방향을 도출하였다는 데 그 의의가 있다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.493-505
• /
• 2017

이 연구의 목적은 국내 과학교육 연구 문헌들을 분석하여 과학교육에서 인성 관련 연구의 동향을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1990년부터 2016년 12월까지 KCI 등재 학술지와 국내 석 박사 학위 논문 중 인성 관련 과학교육 연구 문헌들을 추출하였으며, 이를 연구 출처, 수행 연도, 인성 관련 용어별 연구, 연구 대상, 연구 설계 및 방법, 내용으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 총 54편의 KCI 등재 논문과 67편의 석 박사 학위 논문이 추출되었고 이중 인성, 윤리, 도덕을 표제어로 포함하는 연구가 각각 46%, 49%, 5%를 차지하였다. 연도에 따른 분석 결과 2012년을 기점으로 인성 관련 과학교육 논문의 수가 전에 비해 2배 이상 급격히 증가했음을 알 수 있었다. 연구 대상에서는 영재 학생을 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 많았고 인성과 관련된 많은 연구가 영재 교육 중심으로 수행된 것을 알 수 있었다. 2009년을 기점으로 질적 연구와 혼합 연구 설계 논문이 양적 연구 설계의 논문수를 앞서기 시작했다. 연구 방법은 다양한 연구 방법들이 골고루 사용되어 16%에서 19%정도의 비율을 보여 주었고 해석 연구 방법이 12%, 검사 도구 타당성 연구가 2%로 가장 낮은 비율을 차지하였다. 전체 분석 대상 논문들의 핵심어 중에서 대표 핵심어 30개를 추출하여 인성 관련 과학교육 연구 내용을 분석한 결과 자연과의 관계 영역에서 인성과 SSI 등 인성과 관련된 다양한 과학교육 연구의 함의를 확인할 수 있었다. 시간이 지남에 따라 인성 관련 과학교육 연구 내용은 더욱 다양화 되었고 연구 수행 빈도는 증가하였으며 시대적 요구에 따라 새로운 연구 내용들이 등장하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.449-457
• /
• 2002

The main purpose of this study is to examine the concepts appeared on researches and provide the future research directions in field of child health nursing. A descriptive study was conducted. 205 studies were included in an analysis the concepts in terms of the domain of client for a total 321 researches. All were originally published between 1990 and 2000 in Korea. An analysis of concepts for this study was used the metaparadigm framework for nursing proposed by H.S. Kim(2000). The concepts for this study were categorized by essentialistic concepts, problematic concepts, health-care experiential concepts with the following results. 1. Based on the four domains suggested Kim (2000), 205 studies(63.9％) belong to the domain of client ; 109 studies(34％) belong to the practice domain of nursing; 3 studies(0.9％) belong to the client-nurse domain; and 4 studies belong to the domain of environment, respectively. 2. In the domain of client, 117(57.1％) studies used concept of parent. Among them, mother was the prevailing research population(103 studies). 64 studies(31.2％) used child population and the developmental stage of children varied from preterm to puberty but school aged children was the most target population(28 studies). Family as a concept of client was used in 20 studies(9.8％) but most primary care provider was the mother. 3. In terms of research design, non-experimental design(83.5％) is the most and among them survey was 159 studies(77.6％). Qualitative research(23 studies) and experimental research(10 studies) methods were used relatively few. 4. In terms of the categories of concepts, 196 (61.4％) studies included the essentialistic concepts like stress and coping(20.4％), mothering role and child care(7.8％), health (5.6％), breast feeding(4.7％). 31 studies included problematic concepts like power-lessness, safety, obesity, pain, anxiety. And 65 studies included health-care experiential concepts like compliance, growth, hope, environment but relatively few. The findings of this study provide the evidence that research related problematic concept and health-care experiential concept should be conducted actively to improve the practice of child health nursing. Also to deeply understand the phenomena of client in field of child health nursing, interpretive research methods should be conducted actively, too.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.191-212
• /
• 1997

The environmental interpretation in historic sites will be considered as an important management strategy for improving the understanding of users of natural and cultural resources which surround them. The purpose of this study was to survey on the status and visitor's awareness of environmental interpretation in historic sites. This study was carried out through the review of literature, the questionnaire to 487 visitors who visited 14 historic sites including palace, royal tomb, and others(Kyongbok Palace, Changdok Palace, Changgyong Palace, Toksu Palace, Unhyon Palace, Donggunung, Soonung, Honinung, Sonjongnung, Yongnung, Chongmyo shrine, Sajik Park, Suwon Castle, Namhan Mountain Castle) at October 26th, 27th in 1996, the field survey of 14 historic sites, and the interview. The results derived from this study were as follows; First, the environmental interpretation of the historic sites that were carried out this research were mainly the signs, interpretive publications, but Changdok Palace(the Secret Garden)have been only implemented the environmental interpretation by guide. Generally, the techniques of environmental interpretation in historic sites were not various, and environmental interpretation for visitor were not implemented effectively. Second, from the questionnaire analysis, visitors who visited 14 historic sites were not concerned with signs being used as typical environmental interpretation media in historic sites, but they were satisfied with the accessibility and location of signs relatively. Also they were more satisfied with the number, graphic, and color of signs than the others. Third, according to the results of satisfaction analysis through re-grouping question item about signs, visitors were the most satisfied with the accessibility of signs, but were not the most satisfied with the design of signs. There were significantly different to the satisfaction about the design and management of signs and comprehensive satisfaction of signs by age group. This results suggested that new environmental interpretation media should be planned and designed in consideration of desire and need by age group. Fourth, it was studied that visitors had not experience of various environmental interpretation. and most visitors agreed to the necessity of introducing diverse environmental interpretation and improving environmental interpretation.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.269-279
• /
• 1998

In nursing research that the data is collected through clinical observation, analysis of clinical recording or coding of interpersonal interaction in clinical areas, testing and reporting interrater reliability is very important to assure reliable results. Procedures for interrater reliability in these studies should follow two steps. The first step is to determine unitizing reliability, which is defined as consistency in the identification of same data elements in the record by two or more raters reviewing the same record. Unitizing reliability have been rarely reported in previous studies. Unitizing reliability should be tested before progressing to the next step as precondition. Next step is to determine interpretive reliability. Cohen's kappa is a preferable method of calculating the extent of agreement between observer or judges because it provides beyond-chance agreement. Despite its usefulness, kappa can sometimes present paradoxical conclusions and can be difficult to interpret. These difficulties result from the feature of kappa which is affected in complex ways by the presence of bias between observers and by true prevalence of certain categories. Therefore, percentage agreement should be reported with kappa for adequate interpretation of kappa. The presence of bias should be assessed using the bias index and the effect of prevalence should be assessed using the prevalence index. Researchers have been reported only global reliability reflecting the extent to which coders can consistently use the whole coding system across all categories. Category-by-category reliability also need to be reported to inform the possibility that some categories are harder to use than others.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.409-419
• /
• 1991

본 연구에서는 북부 미시간지역에 분포하는 세개의 troughes (Marquette, Republic, and Michigan River troughes)가 만나는 지역의 tectonic evolution을 해석하기 위한 stress의 방향 및 변성퇴적암류의 분포를 이해하는데 도움을 주기위하여, 중력탐사를 통하여 연구지역의 기반암구조 및 이를 피복하고 있는 변성퇴적암과의 관계를 해석하였다. 연구지역은 시생대 기반암(Precambrian W)을 원생대의 변성퇴적암이 부정합으로 덮고 있으며, 이들 암석군들은 현저한 밀도의 차이를 보여 본역의 지각구조를 설명하는데 있어서 중력탐사가 효과적이다. $380km^2$에 걸친 연구지역에 340개의 중력기점을 설정하여 측정된 중력은 표준중력 보정과정을 통하여 중력이상도를 작성하였다. Trough내에 퇴적되어 있는 변성퇴적암류를 따라 positive anomaly가 세 trough들의 축을 따라 나타난다. 각 trough들의 지하구조는 Talwani 방법에 의하여 modelling되었으며, 이들의 심도 또한 계산되었다. 그 결과로 Marquette trough는 비대청형으로 남쪽사면에 비하여 북쪽사면이 급경사를 이루고 있다. 세 trough가 합류하는 지점의 기반암구조는 대체로 평평하며, 이것으로 미루어 이 trough들이 거의 동시에 생성되었음을 시사해준다.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2011

Recently, the food industry has evolved into a new and innovative trend according to its globalization and change of food consumption patterns. However, it is hard for the traditional food industry in Korea to meet the changing consumers' needs because of its poorer quality control and lower industrialization technology than other advanced industries. Also the knowledges acquired through a lot of time and efforts would be lost after the human resources with tacit knowledges leave by their too much aging. Especially, the 21st century would be called as knowledge based society which means that knowledge be the important contributing factor in the economic growth. In this regard, this study aimed at proposing the knowledge based system for systematically managing or preserving knowledges of Mosisongpyun industry in Yeonggwang County to seek for the sustainable development of the traditional food industry in Korea. The knowledge based system of Mosisongpyun industry in Yeonggwang County is finally proposed as follows; First, hardware is composed with the necessary unit facilities such as interpretive center, learning and experience room, library, etc. And the integrating facilities such as Mosisongpyun theme park, traditional village, and knowledge industrialization support center are proposed. Second, software is composed with the necessary unit softwares such as the preservation manual of traditional knowledge and skill, web-site administrator, development of graded textbooks, development database software, etc. And the integrating softwares such as development of innovation and management ability in Mosisongpyun industry are proposed. Third, humanware is composed with the necessary unit programs such as exhibition, own training program, incubator support system, etc. And the integrating programs such as the farm association corporation, the testing and research institute, the institution of learning and training are proposed.

• 정보관리학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.183-200
• /
• 2001

기존의 전통적인 이미지 데이터로의 접근방식은 각 이미지를 기술하는 색인어 및 키워드들에 의하여 이루어졌다. 이러한 키워드에 의한 전통적인 방식은 색인의 객관성 및 이용자들의 적절한 탐색어 선택에 따르는 부담을 수반하는 것이어서 이미지 검색의 문제점으로 제시되어 왔다. 이 연구는 객관성 있는 이미지 기술의 어려움과 키워드 탐색의 한계성을 인식하고 색인어와 매칭되는 탐색어 선택에 따르는 이용자의 부담을 덜 수 있는 방법의 하나로 비주얼 브라우징 기법을 제시하였다. 키워드 탐색 방법과 비주얼 브라우징 방법, 그리고 이 두 가지를 혼합 사용하는 방법을 비교하는 실험을 통하여 각 방법의 효율성을 측정하고 장점 및 단점을 살펴보았다. 실험 결과 키워드 탐색 방식은 탐색의 효율적인 측면을 고려할 때에 적합한 것으로 나타났으며 비주얼 브라우징 방식은 탐색 결과의 포괄적인 측면을 기대할 때에 이용될 수 있는 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 결과는 한 방식이 다른 방식보다 절대 우위의 효율성을 가진다기보다는 이용자가 요구하는 정보의 양과 정확성에 따라 각 방식의 효율성이 달라진다는 것을 제시하고 있다. 이 연구는 비주얼 브라우징 방식을 통하여 현재의 키워드 중심의 이미지 탐색 방식의 문제점을 완화시키고 이용자 중심의 탐색 방식과 이미지 검색 시스템의 디자인을 위한 방향을 제시하고 있다.