• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.71-76
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• 1998

The construction of the Shanghai International Shipping Center is a prerequisite for building Shanghai into an international center of economy, finance and trade. Shanghai has excellent conditions for becoming an international shipping center, and, under the leadership of the national government, Shanghai is advancing towards this goal for the next century.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.43
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• pp.371-393
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• 2009

The biggest issue of the current international maritime transport is that EU had decided to apply the Competition Law about Shipping Conference since 2008 and UNCITRAL Convention which is the substitute of international rules related with existing maritime transport passed UN General Assembly. This movement indicates that international rules of international maritime transport are not focusing on shipping companies or forwarders anymore but consignors. According to the current circumstances, it is time for us to convert existing shipping companies and forwarders centered rules system into consignors centered international rules system as well. Thus, this study has compared and analyzed between each country's law of Shipping Conference and Korean governing law, Ocean Shipping Act.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.28
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• pp.39-61
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• 2005

Historically shipping conference has enjoyed antitrust immunity in consideration of the importance of liner service in international trade in that it is essential to ensure stable movement of international freight. However, shipping deregulation which has been carried out for last decades in the US and EU has caused significant changes to the liner shipping market. In fact, most of shipping conferences have broken up or transformed as discussion agreement since shipping regulatory reform. However, on the other hands, it is also true that it has contributed to developmore efficient and responsive negotiating process that are better tailored to the needs of individual shippers.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.44
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• pp.181-210
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• 2009

This paper discusses global expansion and global strategies of shipping firms. Acknowledging the lack of research on global expansion by freight transport companies, this paper employs the resource-focused model, and explores "why shipping companies emerge" and "why the strategic behaviour of shipping companies is different in the global market". Despite there being a plethora of theoretical and empirical studies on the international operations of business organisations, it is acknowledged that researchers have largely neglected the issues regarding the international expansion within the freight transport industry. Identifying the general lack of contemporary studies concerning the international behaviour of shipping firms, this study addresses the important gap in our knowledge in the theoretical manner. The theoretical analysis suggests that the shipping company's internal resources can be a real reason for the international market participation.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to look for the trends and rates of change of major passenger modes such as railway, subway, domestic shipping, domestic airline, international shipping and international airline. The data used were selected from the KOSIS, "Domestic Statistics, Statistics by Subject, Transportation and Logistics". The analysis period was 22 years from 1999 to 2020, and the annual rate of change from the previous year was calculated. In descriptive statistics, international shipping and international airlines showed relatively high volatility, whereas railway and subway showed low volatility. In the rise rate analysis, international air and international shipping dropped significantly from 539% and 368% in 2019 to 85% and 20% in 2020 due to Corona. International airline and international shipping fell significantly in 2020, but we expect them to rise again as the shock of Corona disappears in the future. Therefore, it seems that we need a project to prepare for this. International air and international shipping are expected to continue their upward trend as international trade picks up again and international travel regains its momentum.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.397-405
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• 2023

As interest in greenhouse gas reduction has increased in all sectors, the discussion of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to regulate pollution by ships is attracting attention in international shipping. At the 80th IMO MEPC held in July 2023, the 「2023 IMO Strategy for the Reduction of Green House Gases from Ships (MEPC. 377(80))」 was adopted, which included the net-zero target around 2050, and a firm intention to the decarbonization of the international shipping sector showed. In particular, energy, fuel and technology targets for zero or near-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 were added as new targets, and total greenhouse gas emission checkpoints for 2030 and 2040 were added as an indicator for achieving the 2050 target. The IMO's goal setting for 2030, which is about seven years away, will impose a lot of technical, economic, and political burden despite the decarbonization technology of international shipping, which has grown to a significant level in a short period of time. Accordingly, this paper presents the comprehensive impact of the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy on international shipping.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.99-112
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• 2020

It is no exaggeration to say that today's world economy is dependent on international trade, which is the result of inter-state transactions. As the vast majority of international goods transport is transported by international shipping, interest in the seaborne transport field is natural in international and trade studies. In particular, in the case of international shipping, as it is the basis of typical international transportation, changes in international shipping due to the innovation of technology may have an effect on international trade norms. In this study, as a result of evaluating port preference in a hypothetical scenario by using the Design of Experiments method, bunkering as well as port service, which is traditionally important, was identified as a major competitive factor of future ports. It has been revealed that, above all, the port to respond to the future is the continued importance of port services and the supply of ship fuel. Therefore, port authorities are providing implications that LNG bunkering infrastructure suitable for international environmental regulations is important.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-58
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to consider the problem on pursuit of logistics strategy by our international shipping company in international shipping business under the said circumstance due to the open international shipping market and to suggest the logistics strategy for the consideration of the logistics competition under new international shipping circumstances. The results of empirical analysis are mentioned as follows; First, it shall be considered to maintain the size of company bigger than a certain capability so that it may obtain the superior competition of logistics. Second, as there are the plus correlations between the competition of logistics and the logistic support, it is necessary to pursuit the upgrade service with using EDI system and making up the complex shipping and integrated logistics system in general. Third, with the rationalization of finance policy and the profitable management of shipping company the ratio of net worth can be raised and it can be achieved to make the sound financial structure as reducing the excessive debt ratio. Fourth, it can be effort continuously to perform the investment for the infrastructure of logistics support & the institutional supplement so that it may achieve to increase the efficiency of logistic support at pier and to reduce the cost of logistic support.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.255-267
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• 2000

This paper aims to compare tax systems related to shipping companies among German, Norway, the Netherlands, UK and Korea and to identify which country has the most competitive edge in terms of tax burdens. The previous studies of international comparison of shipping competitiveness have been simply concerned with the international comparison of nominal tax rates of some foreign countries with Korea. One of their shortcomings have not fully considered tax systems inherent in the shipping industry, which may produce different conclusions. Having home it in mind, this study has tried to calculate effective tax rates among countries concerned, taking fully into account tax systems of the countries.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-144
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• 2011

This study used a non-parametric linear program, Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to compare the efficiency of Korean and global container shipping companies from 2005 to 2009. The sample shipping companies were 7 Korean container shipping companies and 11 global container shipping companies. The main objective of our research is to compare their efficiency, as well as the changes in efficiency periodically according to the types of the container shipping companies. According to the periodical analysis, both Korean and Global container shipping companies showed a steady decrease in efficiency. The study showed that Korean container shipping companies have greater efficiency than their global rivals.