• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.861-866
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• 2023

Unlike conventional smart farms that require chemical fertilizers and large spaces, aquaponics farming, which utilizes the symbiotic relationship between aquatic organisms and crops to grow crops even in abnormal environments such as environmental pollution and climate change, is being actively researched. Different crops require different environments and nutrients for growth, so it is necessary to configure the ratio of aquatic organisms optimized for crop growth. This study proposes a method to measure the degree of growth based on area and volume using image processing techniques in an aquaponics environment. Tilapia, carp, catfish, and lettuce crops, which are aquatic organisms that produce organic matter through excrement, were tested in an aquaponics environment. Through 2D and 3D image analysis of lettuce and real-time data analysis, the growth degree was evaluated using the area and volume information of lettuce. The results of the experiment proved that it is possible to manage cultivation by utilizing the area and volume information of lettuce. It is expected that it will be possible to provide production prediction services to farmers by utilizing aquatic life and growth information. It will also be a starting point for solving problems in the changing agricultural environment.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2023

Genre paintings, which describes the lives of ordinary people, has lifestyle and Pungnyu of our ancestors. Pungnyu is aesthetic consciousness and a way of lives. The culture of Pungnyu is a kind of art boundary that combines high spirits and art. The Pungnyu is an icon of Korean culture, realization of taste, and happens through "stroll", which means the walking peacefully, and "sightsee", which means go sightseeing. It shows through the rambling and the excursion. Hyewon's 'Jeonsincheob'('傳神帖', a kind of spirit transferred drawings book) is a genre painting which represents Pungnyu and shows various activities at that time. Therefore, we can understand our own spirit and soul through appreciating his paintings. Hyewon's 「Jeonsincheob」 has three special features. Firstly, it is the symbol of Korea traditional Pungnyu. Secondly, it contributes to development of the East art. Lastly, Hyewon's 「Jeonsincheob」 can be considered in terms of glocalism, which means the combination of globalization and localization and can be explained by the relation of the center=the periphery, the globalization=the Korean wave, the universality=the particularity. Hyewon's 'Jeonsincheob' has aesthetic boundaries. One aims at individual pleasure. Another aims at harmony with its natural environment in which you are. Also, it can be considered as the boundaries of enjoying together which aims at harmony with social environment among group members.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.715-720
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• 2023

The military is driving innovative changes such as AI, cloud computing, and drone operation through the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is expected that such changes will lead to a rapid increase in the demand for information exchange requirements, reaching all lower-ranking soldiers, as networking based on IoT occurs. The flow of such information must ensure efficient information distribution through various infrastructures such as ground networks, stationary satellites, and low-earth orbit small communication satellites, and the demand for information exchange that is distributed through them must be appropriately dispersed. In this study, we redefined the DSCP, which is closely related to QoS (Quality of Service) in information dissemination, into 11 categories and performed research to map each cluster group identified by cluster analysis to the defense "information exchange requirement list" on a one-to-one basis. The purpose of the research is to ensure efficient information dissemination within a multi-layer integrated network (ground network, stationary satellite network, low-earth orbit small communication satellite network) with limited bandwidth by re-establishing QoS policies that prioritize important information exchange requirements so that they are routed in priority. In this paper, we evaluated how well the information exchange requirement lists classified by cluster analysis were assigned to DSCP through M&S, and confirmed that reclassifying DSCP can lead to more efficient information distribution in a network environment with limited bandwidth.

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.145-183
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• 2010

This study has compared South Korea with Taiwan, a society which has an almost non-hierarchical college culture in spite of its social and historical similarities to Korea, including the recruit system. By the means of quantitative and qualitative comparative studies and analysis, it has tried to clarify the reasons behind the hierarchical and sexist military culture of Korean universities. According to the comparative studies, Taiwan's college culture is less hierarchical than that of South Korea, and support for the necessity of hierarchy is weaker. Hierarchy had a greater influence on the payment of meals, appellations and society admissions in South Korea. Elements of military culture such as violence or group discipline were usually only present in South Korean college culture. Male-centered drinking and prostitution culture was also found to be stronger in South Korea. The historical and social reason for these differences is that Taiwan has a weaker basis for nationalism and militarism, both essential factors in the founding of hierarchical and collective culture. The most direct reason for the lack of hierarchy in Taiwanese college culture is the period of recruitment. In South Korea, young men usually apply for military service during the first or second year or college, and return to school as second or third-year studies. In Taiwan, however, men are usually recruited after having graduated from college. Students who have served in the army have proved to have a significant influence on violence, hierarchy and drinking culture in Korea's college culture. South Korea's college culture has two main problems. The first is that South Korean college students are not able to be critical towards the harms of South Korea's oppressively hierarchical collective culture, and therefore do not develop the strength to fight against it. This is all the more problematic because they are the future components of South Korea's main institutions. The second is that it roots male-centeredness even further into the South Korean mentality.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.58-108
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• 2019

This paper analyzes the determining factors in the unemployment rate among young people in their 20s by studying data from 30 OECD countries between 2000 and 2017. It identifies reasons why Korea has a higher youth unemployment rate than Japan, and assesses what implications Japan's youth unemployment measures could have on Korea. The study highlights the variables that have meaningful impacts on youth unemployment. They include the unemployment rate among the working-age population, the percentage of each age bracket in the overall population, the GDP growth rate, the percentage of wage laborers in each age group, the percentage of elderly people, and the percentage of part-time workers. This paper also finds that a decline in the youth population, especially among people in their 20s, does not help to address the issue of youth unemployment. Secondly, this paper explains the additional factors behind Korea's higher youth unemployment rates. One is Korea's disadvantageous employment environment, compared to that in Japan, in terms of wage earnings. Other factors include the existence of fewer decent corporate jobs than in Japan, and wide disparities in wages between large and small corporate jobs. Therefore, while making efforts to resolve long-term and structural problems, it is necessary to actively promote policy measures to solve short-term mismatch problems of youth employment by referring to Japanese policy examples.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-98
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• 2008

Considerably many numbers of studies on country-of-origin(hereafter COO) effects have been presented in international business and marketing areas. Recent studies have been included the effects of COO of manufacture, parts, and design, as well as the effects of brand origin, reflected by the accelerating convergent manufacture circumstances and increasingly competitive environments. Moderating constructs such as knowledge of product category and involvement as individual variables, have been also introduced and researched in various angles. In addition, how the effects of COO occur as processes is also argued in previous studies. This research has attempted to explain business corporation's strategic decisions on choosing a domain of its product manufacturing for several critical reasons, for cost reduction or better image. We displayed two constructs of brand and manufacture in a positive and negative country image group to reconfirm the existence of the effects of COO. Additionally, the effects of respondents' regulatory fit between their motivational focus and the contents of product messages, have been declared. Furthermore the respondents' motivational focus moderates the main effect of COO on product evaluations in a positive 'made-in' combination, while, surprisingly, it does not statistically moderate in a negative, except attitude. Based on the results, implications and suggestions on how to plan and execute more effective marketing strategies regarding COO dimensions, especially COO of manufacture, are separately presented for each situations when it has already been determined and when it is to be.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.415-419
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• 2023

The New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) began using female manpower from World War II. After making various efforts to secure excellent manpower, the proportion of female manpower has risen to 24%, higher than that of Britain, the United States, Canada and Australia, which have a longer history of female military personnel than New Zealand. This is the result of NZDF efforts to open combat roles to women and allow female personnel to advance to high-ranking military positions such as generals and consular officers. In addition, policy alternatives to address women's realistic concerns such as pregnancy and childbirth, childcare, and vertical organizational culture were presented. In particular, Operation "Respect" was implemented to overcome the problem of not leaving or joining the army due to inappropriate sexual behavior and bullying. The operation respect established the role of the leader, emphasized the support of the victim, and accumulated data of the accident to prevent similar accidents. In addition, through the "Wāhine Toa" program, excellent female manpower could be introduced into the military through customized support considering the military life cycle (attract-recruit-retain-advance) of female personnel. South Korea is also considering expanding the ratio and role of female manpower as one of the ways to overcome the shortage of troops and leap into an advanced science and technology group. Implications were derived from the use of female manpower in the NZDF and the direction in which the Korean military should proceed was considered.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.33-33
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• 2020

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a non-seasonal, economically important, cucurbit cultivated throughout the world with Asia as a continent contributing the most. As part of the effort in diversifying watermelon genetic resources in the already cultivated group, this study was devoted to providing baseline data on morphological quality traits and health-beneficial phytonutrients of watermelon germplasm collections, thereby promoting watermelon research and cultivation programs. To this end, we reported morphological traits, citrulline, and arginine levels of watermelon genetic resources obtained from the gene bank of Agrobiodiversity Center, Republic of Korea, and discussed the relationship between each other. Diverse characteristics were observed among many of the traits. But, most of the genetic resources (>90%) were either red or pink-fleshed. Korean origin fruits contained intermediate levels of soluble solid content (SSC) while The USA, Russian, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Taiwan, and Uruguay originated had generally the highest levels of soluble solids. The citrulline and arginine contents using HPLC method were ranged from 6.9 to 52.1 mg/g (average, 27.3 mg/g) and 1.8 to 21.3 mg/g (average, 9.8 mg/g), respectively. The citrulline content determined using Citrulline Assay Kit was ranged from 6.5 to 42.8 mg/g (average, 27.0 mg/g). Resources with high citrulline and arginine levels contained low SSC. Whereas, red- and pink-colored flesh samples had less citrulline compared to yellow and orange. In addition to the profiling of morphological characters and phytonutrients, molecular marker characterization and identification of sources of resistance to diseases and pests are recommended for a more complete diversity analysis of watermelon genetic resources.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.827-831
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• 2023

This study sought to verify and examine the factors that influence social capital on social economy awareness. To summarize the results of the study, the results are as follows. As a result of analyzing the impact of social capital on social economy awareness, norms (t=3.228, p<.01) and participation (t=3.057, p<.01) had a significant impact on social economy awareness. In other words, the better the norms are observed and the higher the participation, the more influence it has on social economy awareness. Based on these results, the following implications were drawn. First, 'norms' refer to rules or standards that community members must adhere to within society, and these norms play a role in regulating the behavior of individuals and promoting social cooperation. Through this, it is believed that a strong normative system can have a significant impact on the way people participate or cooperate in social economy activities. Second, 'participation' is an indicator of how actively an individual or group participates in social activities. People with high levels of participation through social capital will have a high level of understanding of social economy awareness and will be able to act effectively. These results show that in previous studies, the better the norms were observed and the more trust and networks were strengthened, the higher the awareness of social economy. In contrast, in this study, norms and trust were found to have an effect, but the network did not, showing a difference from the results of previous studies, so repeated research is expected to be necessary in the future. Considering the results above, strengthening and developing the elements of social capital such as norms and participation can have a positive impact on overall socioeconomic awareness and development.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1001-1006
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• 2023

Globally, rising energy costs and increased energy demand are important issues for the food processing and manufacturing industries, which consume significant amounts of energy throughout the supply chain. Accordingly, there is a need for the development of a real-time energy monitoring and analysis system that can optimize energy use. In this study, a food factory energy monitoring system was proposed based on IoT installed in a food factory, including monitoring of each facility, energy supply and usage monitoring for the heat treatment process, and search functions. The system is based on the IoT sensor of the food processing plant and consists of PLC, database server, OPC-UA server, UI server, API server, and CIMON's HMI. The proposed system builds big data for food factories and provides facility-specific monitoring through collection functions, as well as energy supply and usage monitoring and search service functions for the heat treatment process. This data collection-based energy monitoring system will serve as a guide for the development of a small and medium-sized factory energy monitoring and management system for energy savings. In the future, this system can be used to identify and analyze energy usage to create quantitative energy saving measures that optimize process work.