• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.3-34
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• 2018

Korea's air transport industry has a 70-year history since Korea National Airline was establishment in October 1948. Korea has 9 airlines which have international air transport business licenses, and as of 2017, air transport performance(Domestic & International) is ranked 8th in the world. Through analysis of Korea's air transport industry, this paper examines the essential problems of the domestic air transport industry and what policies and laws should be supplemented, and presents an "Policy Directions for the Air Transport Industry" that can continue to grow into a global aviation leading country in the future. Analysis of aviation statistics shows that the nation's air transport industry has a very high growth rate, and national airlines continue to invest in sustainable growth. Furthermore, new companies are also trying to enter the market. As of November 2018, four companies applied for licenses for international air transport business, one for international air transport business (cargo) license, and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is expected to decide whether to issue the license by first quarter of 2019. While some expect price reductions and consumer benefits through competition promotion, others worry about worsening airline financial structures and reducing safety investment due to competition. To sum up the problems of the nation's air transport industry, first, low-cost airlines focus only on attracting domestic demand, and thus have a weak foundation for continued growth. Second, the rapid growth in recent years has led to the lack of aviation professionals such as pilots and technicians and the saturation of slots at major airports. Third, since the financial soundness of airlines is not systematically managed, the financial situation of airlines can quickly deteriorate and the damage can be attributed to consumers. In order for the national airlines to continue to develop, the first is to focus on the endless demand of the global aviation market and to secure international competitiveness. Second, the government should support the airline infrastructure according to the size of the air transport industry, third, we will systematically nurture aviation experts who will lead the future of the nation's air transport industry, and finally, the government will have to continuously manage the financial status of airlines to prevent consumer damage in advance. Nowadays the air transport industry has become very competitive. Not only do airlines have to work hard for the sustainable development of national airlines, but all government agencies must support our airline companies in policy to win international competition.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.131-141
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• 2007

This paper identifies the productivity in the Global Air Transport Industry for the period of 1995-2001 by testing the Total Factor Productivity with tonqvist method. Based on panel data from 20 major international airline corporations which formed global strategic alliances, we find alliances make a considerably significant contribution to productivity increases. We also find that total factor productivity rate changed surprisingly in Air Transport Industry between pre- and post-Asian financial crisis period.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 2018

The growth rate of international aviation is expected to be higher than that of most industries and the proportion of carbon emissions from the aviation industry will become very significant as the year 2050 approaches. Constraining the growth of this industry is not desirable because it is essential for human welfare as well as the development of related industries. However, reduction of carbon due to aviation is not easy because it is difficult to improve fuel efficiency in a significant way. The ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), which is the main organization responsible for handling this problem, developed a program named CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation). The present study analyzes various strategies for countries and airlines to comply with CORSIA using a fuel-efficient system. We conclude that countries should improve their airspace utilization systems, airport facilities, and air navigation systems. Additionally, based on the results of a flight data analysis, airlines should improve their operational efficiency in terms of operations control, flight operation, and maintenance management.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 2013

As the price competition between airlines became increasingly intensified, due to increased participation of low-cost carriers in the air transport industry and the continued deregulation of international air transport, each airline has introduced various management techniques for securing international competitiveness and operational efficiency in order to cope with the uncertainty in air transport industry. The world leading LCCs, such as Ryan air, easyJet and Southwest, have changed their traditional business models by increasing operation to primary airports, diversifying operating routes, making strategic alliances with FSCs or other LCCs, increasing the operations on the mid or long distance routes, expanding ancillary revenues, etc. As Korea's air transport industry is confronting with intense competition, our LCCs are requested to adjust to this new challenging situation. As the world leading LCCs did, Korean LCCs are recommended to adopt new business models such as restructuring of the air transport industry through M&A, operating more flexibly in terms of frequency or route, launching of services to primary airports, making strategic alliances with foreign FSCs, developing of 4th or 6th traffic demands, etc.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.17
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• pp.111-132
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• 2003

The air transport industry is the most important as means of human exchange between the countries. Because the spread effect and the durability by aviation cooperation between the countries are much higher than any other industry, a research about air transport industry is very important to allied industry field as well as national policy about International cooperation and integration. Specially, according to the economic interchange with North Korea becomes active, the role of air transport as related traffic network with North Korea becomes more important. The number of flights is increasing sharply after South-North summit meeting, and two sides established and are using temporary direct route between South-North Korea. When we consider that the number of flights utilizing temporary direct route is increasing every year, It is not desirable to use temporary routes continuously because the current agreement between South and North cant be reliable far the case of unexpected circumstance. In addition, the current agreement is not based on the international standards. The paper is to study the condition to promote the coordination of civil aviation in the whole Korean peninsula. As known, the aviation system in North Korea is mainly operated by military unit. The study will review the current status of air transport system of South and North and the effective way of cooperation of civil aviation between both sides. The cooperation between governments as well as between airlines is studied. The establishment of Air Traffic Service Agreement is going to be handled heavily because the stable air traffic service is the most required base for the operation of air transport. The authors also try to find a way to support the development of infrastructure of aviation industry in North Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.99-143
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• 2016

General aviation and air transport are two wings of the civil aviation industry. Chinese air transport is developing rapidly, and has become the world second air transport system only second to US since 2005. However, Chinese civil aviation is far behind the world average level, and cannot meet requirements of economic construction and social development. The transition and structural adjustment of Chinese economy provide the general aviation with a unprecedented broad market. The prospect of general aviation is promising and anticipated. The development of general aviation industry needs the legislative supports, and the current legislative conditions of Chinese general aviation are undoubtedly far behind the realistic requirements. Accelerating the legislation in Chinese general aviation industry requires scientific legislation concept. First, Legislation must promote development of general aviation industry. The general aviation will serves as a Chinese emerging industry that boosts domestic demand, promotes employment and expedite domestic economic development. We should, based on both the concept of promoting the industrial development of general aviation and national industrial planning, enact and rectify relative laws and regulations. And we should also straighten out the relationship between aviation security and industrial development and promote the revolution of low-altitude airspace management in an all-round way, in order to improve the utilization rate of airspace resources, classify and establish airspace, simplify examination and approval procedure and intensify operation management. In addition, what we should do is to expedite the infrastructure layout construction, guide the differentiated but coordinated development of general aviation industries in various areas, establish a united supervision mechanism of general aviation, redistrict the responsibilities of Chinese Air Control Agency and set up legislation, law enforcement and judicial systems with clarified institutions, clear positioning and classified responsibilities, so as to usher in a new era of the legislative management of Chinese general aviation industry. Second, shift the focus from regulations to both regulations and services. Considering the particularity of the general aviation, we should use American practices for reference and take into account both regulation and service functions when enacting general aviation laws. For example, we should reduce administrative licensing and market supervision, and adopt "criteria" and "approval" management systems for non-commercial and commercial aviation. Furthermore, pay attention to social benefits. Complete social rescuing mechanism through legislation. It should be clarified in legislation that general aviation operators should take the responsibilities of, and ensure to realize social benefits of environmental protection and ecological balance .Finally, rise in line with international standards. Modify Chinese regulations which is inconsistent with international ones to remove barriers to international cooperation. Specify basic legislative principles. One is the principle of coordination. Realize coordination between the civil aviation and general aviation, between military aviation and civil aviation, and among departments. Two is the principle of pertinence. The general aviation has its own rules and specialties, needing to be standardized using specialized laws and regulations. Three is the principle of efficiency. To realize time and space values of general aviation, we should complete rules in aerospace openness, general aviation airport construction, general aviation operations, and regulation enforcement. Four is the principle of security. Balance the maximum use of resources of Chinese airspace and the according potential threats to Chinese national interests and social security, and establish a complete insurance system which functions as security defense and indemnificatory measure. Establish a unified legal system. Currently, the system of Chinese general aviation laws consists of national legislation, administrative laws and regulations and civil aviation regulations (CAR). Some problems exist in three components of the system, including too general content, unclear guarantee measures, incomplete implementation details, and lacking corresponding pertinence and flexibility required by general aviation regulations, stringency of operation management and standards, and uniformity of standards. A law and regulation system, centered on laws and consisting of administrative laws regulations, industrial regulations, implementation details, industrial policies and local laws and regulations, should be established. It is suggested to modify the Civil Aviation Law to make general aviation laws complete, enact the Regulations of General Aviation Development, and accelerate the establishment, modification and abolition of Chinese general aviation laws to intensify the coordination and uniformity of regulations.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

The International air transportation industry provides a vital communication link which brings prosperity to many states in our modern age. This invaluable link has been threatened by terrorism. Airlines have been one of the most attractive targets in the eyes of terrorists for several reasons, including particularly the international and symbolic nature of aviation, and the potential of multigovernmental involvement which can inevitably generate wide publicity. Terrorist attacks against civil aviation have been committed since the earliest days of civil aviation history. The first attack against civil aircraft dates back to the early 1930s. Since then, aircraft hijacking and other forms of attack against air transport operations have become one of the most serious challenges to the safety of flying. In recent years, a new form of threats against civil aviation has appeared. Man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) in the hands of criminals, terrorists, and other non-state actors pose a serious potential threat to passenger air travel, the commercial aviation industry, and military aircraft around the world. The purpose of this study is to provide some countermeasures against such attacks. In order to foster a better understanding of the problem, an introduction of MANPADS and a brief history of attacks using MANPADS are presented. It also examines the level of threats, trends of attacks using MANPADS and the possible countermeasures to be taken by the international community.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.96-104
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• 2019

The response to climate change of international air transport industry might be initiated by ICAO's CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) which will impact on international airlines' flight operation behavior in the future. Though the airlines' efforts to reduce fuel consumption has been a major issue in economics of aviation industry, the improvement of fuel efficiency in flight operation will have additional impact on their profitability by introducing carbon emission cost. The fuel consumption in flight operation will be somewhat influenced by pilots' technical action for maneuvering aircraft during flight operation. This study will investigate pilots' behavior on decision for tactical aircraft control for mission flight. The data will be collected by the survey through sample pilots asking about their intention and perception on fuel savings during flight operations. The data will be analyzed by AHP process and the study will find out the elements and factors influencing pilots' behavior on technical decision of flight and their weights on fuel saving effects.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.4
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• pp.139-154
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• 1992

The Chicago-Bermuda system has been charaterizing international aviation order sine 1940's. Bilateralism was established as 'the' way of nogotiation in exchange of traffic rights among nations thanks to the system. The system was stable until new phenomena came into the scene. The orderly development of international aviation began to be threatened by a series of technological and commercial breakthroughs in the late 60's and 70's. Also, in the field of international aviation, aspiration of the newemerging third world countries was hightened and the emergence of an unified Europe was added to it. These caused worries on bilateralism as an efficient means of negotiation. New waves of multilateral(reginal or international) approaches have been conducted. Its formal discussion is accelerated by vigorous talk on multilateral liberalization of international trade in commodities and services, i.e., the Urguay Round. In this paper, we examine historical development of bilateralism and multilateralism in a perspective of political economy; changes in the international aviation industry, merits and demerits of the two regimes on competitiveness of negotiating partners. The ways Korea can respond to new changes are presented and compared and a tentative stance she can take is proposed.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.167-192
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• 2012

Aviation industry is known as the knowledge-based one and as an advanced nations' exclusive property having a large capacity for creating job and added value. Considering the current status of the aviation industry as aforesaid, it is natural for all countries to turn their attention to such promising aviation industry. At the time of rapid growth in aviation market, the importance of securing managerial experts and technicians is being under the spotlight as the aviation profession is increasingly in demand. To meet such dire needs that have already become an ever-greater part of the industry, collaboration among governmental, educational and industrial parties has formed in preparation for putting us into so-called an era of globalization. Having recognized the significance of the program, carried forward by The Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, fostering human resources in civil aviation, the objective of this study lies on deloping indicators for the programofficially designed to produce men of expertise in international air transport, the market of which forms nowadays a large part of national economy, and the technology of which develops so quickly. In this paper, an effort is made to develop the appraisal indicators and to set up standards thereof in order for the program to be systematically and expertly assessed on the basis of Quinn and Rohrbaugh's the competing values model. Firstly, this paper designs appraisal indicators, taking into account the peculiarity and environment of air transport industry, for developing human resources in civil aviation by utilizing advanced research on educational assessment in general due to the absence of applicable preceding studies regarding the development of human resources in civil aviation. Secondly, investigations into the necessity and validity of the appraisal are committed by analyzing answers from 100 respondents to questionaires and oral surveys in order to verify appraisal indicators designed in accordance with the competing values model. Lastly, the paper analyzes in a demographical way discrepancy in the recognitions among institutions for which the respondents work, on the basis of the outcome of the survey. As a result, the discrepancy is found not significant, which indicate that the aviation experts favour the indicators as appraisal standards. Prospective studies on the same issue may need an in-depth analysis, empowered by sufficient sampling in balance, of correlation between independent variables, then hopefully serve as a momentum for advancement of study in civil aviation.