• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제34회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

본 연구는 Kerosene-LOx를 추진제로 하는 가스발생기용 스월 동축형 인젝터의 리세스 길이에 따른 내부 유동의 특성 파악을 목표로 하였다. 리세스 길이는 분무 안정성, 내부 LOx post 손상 등에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소로 액막두께, 매니폴드 압력 측정 및 내부 유동 가시화를 통해 리세스의 영향을 분석하였다. 또한, 리세스 길이에 따른 내부 또는 외부 인젝터 각각의 분무특성도 살펴보았다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2023

This study is a leading case of empirical analysis of whether, when corporate stakeholders (government, investors, customers, managers, employees) put pressure on companies for ESG management, it affects the introduction and implementation of ESG activities (environmental, social, governance) and affects business performance. As for the research method, a sustainability report was published, and a web survey of Korea Research Inc. was conducted from May 10 to May 20, 2022 targeting ESG management managers of 192 companies, and analyzed through the PLS structural equation model. As a result of the study, it was found that the introduction and execution of ESG is closely influenced by the pressure from the government, investors, managers, and employees, and in particular, the internal pressure of current managers and executives and employees has a great impact on the introduction and implementation of environmental, social, and governance activities. In particular, although external pressure also has some influence, it is practical to suggest that strong internal pressure is necessary for continuous activities and performance. And, methodologically, the main activity indicators of the GRI Reporting Guidelines, which are the most representative ESG management indicators, were developed as a questionnaire, and reliability, validity, and model fit were secured through comparison with indicators of multiple systems and expert reviews. The limitations of this study are that more in-depth analysis by industry or size is possible when ESG management is mature and sufficient samples are secured, and complex ESG pressure factor modeling is possible when more diverse stakeholders are added.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.273-283
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• 2018

Currently, the dynamic amplification effect of suction is described using the wind vibration coefficient (WVC) of external loads. In other words, it is proposed that the fluctuating characteristics of suction are equivalent to external loads. This is, however, not generally valid. Meanwhile, the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on suction and its WV are considered. To systematically analyze the effects of the ventilation rate of louver on the multi-dimensional WVC of ultra-large cooling towers under suctions, the 210 m ultra-large cooling tower under construction was studied. First, simultaneous rigid pressure measurement wind tunnel tests were executed to obtain the time history of fluctuating wind loads on the external surface and the internal surface of the cooling tower at different ventilation rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 100%). Based on that, the average values and distributions of fluctuating wind pressures on external and internal surfaces were obtained and compared with each other; a tower/pillar/circular foundation integrated simulation model was developed using the finite element method and complete transient time domain dynamics of external loads and four different suctions of this cooling tower were calculated. Moreover, 1D, 2D, and 3D distributions of WVCs under external loads and suctions at different ventilation rates were obtained and compared with each other. The WVCs of the cooling tower corresponding to four typical response targets (i.e., radial displacement, meridional force, Von Mises stress, and circumferential bending moment) were discussed. Value determination and 2D evaluation of the WVCs of external loads and suctions of this large cooling tower at different ventilation rates were proposed. This study provides references to precise prediction and value determination of WVC of ultra-large cooling towers.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2009

It bas been hypothesized that foot ulceration might be internally initiated. Current instruments which merely allow superficial estimate of plantar loading acting on the foot, severely limit the scope of many biomechanical/clinical studies on this issue. Recent studies have suggested that peak plantar pressure may be only 65% specific for the development of ulceration. These limitations are at least partially due to surface pressures not being representative of the complex mechanical stress developed inside the subcutaneous plantar soft-tissue, which are potentially more relevant for tissue breakdown. This study established a three-dimensional and nonlinear finite element model of a human foot complex with comprehensive skeletal and soft-tissue components capable of predicting both the external and internal stresses and deformations of the foot. The model was validated by experimental data of subject-specific plantar foot pressure measures. The stress analysis indicated the internal stresses doses were site-dependent and the observation found a change between 1.5 to 4.5 times the external stresses on the foot plantar surface. The results yielded insights into the internal loading conditions of the plantar soft-tissue, which is important in enhancing our knowledge on the causes of foot ulceration and related stress-induced tissue breakdown in diabetic foot.

• 멤브레인
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 호소수의 정수처리공정 중 폴리술폰계 중공사막을 이용한 침지형(흡인압)과 외압형을 동시에 적용한 분리막 공정으로 압력 및 공경에 따른 투과플럭스의 변화에 관한 성능을 평가하고자 하였다. 침지형(흡인압) 공정의 압력에 따른 최대 투과 플럭스는 공경이 $0.3{\mu}m$에서 평균 282 LMH, $0.05{\mu}m$에서는 234 LMH를 나타내었으며 외압형(외압) 공정의 압력에 따른 최대 투과 플럭스는 공경이 $0.3{\mu}m$에서 평균 443 LMH, $0.05{\mu}m$에서는 522 LMH를 나타내었다. 또한, 흡인압과 외압을 동시에 적용한 공정의 압력에 따른 최대 투과 플럭스는 공경이 $0.3{\mu}m$에서 평균 674 LMH $0.05{\mu}m$에서는 648 LMH를 나타내었다. 따라서, 호소수를 이용한 정수처리공정에서 분리막으로 흡인압과 외압을 동시에 이용할 경우 단위 면적당 생산수를 최대로 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

Reactivity of gasification defined by bouardard reaction is critical parameter in efficiency of the gasifier. In this study, char reactivity of the gasification was derived from the experiments using the intrinsic reaction kinetics model. Pressurized wire mesh heating reactor (PWMR) can produce high temperature and high pressure conditions up to 50 atm and 1750 K, respectively and PWMR was designed to evaluate the intrinsic reaction kinetics of $CO_2$ gasification. In this study, Kideco and KCH (sub-bituminous Indonesian coal) were pulverized and converted into char. Experiments used the PWMR were conducted and the conditions of the temperature and pressure were 1373~1673 K, 1~40 atm. To distinguish the pressure effect from high pressurized condition, internal and external effectiveness factors were considered. Finally, the intrinsic kinetics of the Kideco and KCH coal char were derived from $n^{th}$ order reaction rate equations.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

폴리에틸렌(PE) 배관은 시공이 편리하고 강관에 비해 가격이 저렴하기 때문에 저압 공급용으로 많이 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소 해석을 이용하여 매설한 PE 배관이 다양한 외부하중을 받는 경우에 발생하는 응력 및 변형에 대하여 알아보았다. 배관 직경이 $50{\sim}400mm$인 PE 배관에 대하여 매설 깊이를 $0.6{\sim}1.2m$로 달리하고 그리고 공급압력을 $0.4{\sim}4bar$로 변화시켰을 때 배관에 발생하는 응력을 유한요소를 이용하여 계산하였다. 결과적으로 매설 상태에서 각 하중 조건에 따른 응력 상태 그리고 복합적인 하중이 작용할 경우에 400호 배관에 발생하는 응력을 계산한 결과 매설 깊이가 1 m일 때 최대 원주방향 응력이 가장 작은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 완전밀폐식 LNG 저장탱크의 외부탱크 측벽면과 지붕 구조물에 대한 강도안전성을 유한요소법으로 해석하였다. 예응력 콘크리트 구조물로 건설된 외부탱크는 내부탱크의 붕괴로 인해 발생하는 LNG 유체정압과 유체동압, 그리고 태풍을 포함한 외부의 풍압하중을 받는다. FEM 해석결과에 의하면, 외부탱크의 측벽면과 지붕 구조물이 서로 연결되는 링빔 구조물은 저장탱크에 작용하는 대부분의 내 외부 하중을 담당하고 있다. 이러한 해석결과는 외부탱크의 설계 포인트를 링빔에 두고, 그 다음은 지붕구조물의 중심부에 대한 설계 안전성을 검토하는 것이다. 완전밀폐식 LNG 저장탱크 해석에서 사용한 해석모델은 LNG 누설에 의한 내부압력 및 태풍과 같은 외부압력이 결합된 복합하중에서도 안전한 강도안전성을 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2454-2465
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• 2023

Film boiling may lead to burnout of the heating element. Even though burnout does not occur, the heating element is subject to deformation because it is not sufficiently strong to withstand external loads. In particular, the ballooning and rupture of a tube under film boiling are important phenomena in the field of nuclear reactor safety. If the tube-type cladding of nuclear fuel ruptures owing to high internal pressure and thermal load, radioactive materials inside the cladding are released to the coolant. Therefore, predicting the ballooning and rupture is important. This study presents numerical simulations to predict the ballooning behavior and rupture time of a horizontal tube at high internal pressure under saturated film boiling. To do so, a multi-step coupled simulation of conjugated film boiling heat transfer and ballooning using creep model is adopted. The numerical methods and models are validated against experimental values. Two different nonuniform heat flux distributions and four different internal pressures are considered. The three-step simulation is enough to obtain a convergent result. However, the single-step simulation also successfully predicts the rupture time. This is because the film boiling heat transfer characteristics are slightly affected by the tube geometry related to creep ballooning.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2013

액체로켓엔진 고압 배관의 김발 신축이음은 고압에서 반복적인 회전 변위를 받게 된다. 본 연구에서는 고압에서 내부형 김발 신축이음의 모멘트 해석 및 시험을 수행하였다. 해석적으로 스프링 강성, 마찰과 측력에 의한 모멘트 값을 각각 구하고 시험으로 얻어진 전체 모멘트 값과 비교하였다. 또한 외부형 힌지 신축이음에 대하여 회전 핀에 이황화몰리브덴 코팅을 적용하여 저압에서 갈링 현상이 없어지고 마찰 계수가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.