• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

The $TomoTherapy^{(R)}$ beam-delivery method creates helical beam-junctioning patterns in the dose distribution within the target. In addition, the dose discrepancy results in the particular region where the resonance by pattern of dose delivery occurs owing to the change in the position and shape of internal organs with a patient's respiration during long treatment times. In this study, we evaluated the dose pattern of the longitudinal profile with the change in respiration. The superior-inferior motion signal of the programmable respiratory motion phantom was obtained using AbChes as a four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) original moving signal. We delineated virtual targets in the phantom and planned to deliver the prescription dose of 300 cGy using field widths of 1.0 cm, 2.5 cm, and 5.0 cm. An original moving signal was fitted to reflecting the beam delivery time of the $TomoTherapy^{(R)}$. The EBT3 film was inserted into the phantom movement cassette, and static, without the movement and with the original movement, was measured with signal changes of 2.0 s, 4.0 s, and 5.0 s periods, and 2.0 mm and 4.0 mm amplitudes. It was found that a dose fluctuation within ${\pm}4.0%$ occurred in all longitudinal profiles. Compared with the original movement, the region of the gamma index above 1 partially appeared within the target and the border of the target when the period and amplitude were changed. Gamma passing rates were 95.00% or more. However, cases for a 5.0 s period and 4.0 mm amplitude at a field width of 2.5 cm and for 2.0 s and 5.0 s periods at a field width of 5.0 cm have gamma passing rates of 92.73%, 90.31%, 90.31%, and 93.60%. $TomoTherapy^{(R)}$ shows a small difference in dose distribution according to the changes of period and amplitude of respiration. Therefore, to treat a variable respiratory motion region, a margin reflecting the degree of change of respiration signal is required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.588-608
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• 1995

This study was intended to enhance the level of hospital personnel management through analysing job satisfaction of hospital employees in terms of structural, personal and environmental variables. The sample of this study consist of a total of 790 persons including doctors, residents, interns, pharmacists, nurses, medical engineers, office workers and manual workers who have worked for general hospitals with 200 beds, 300 beds and 800 beds respectively. The Likert's 5 scales were used for the measurement of satisfaction. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Structural Variables The level of satisfaction on the job itself was generally low, 2.8 in Likert's 5 scales, with the order of role ambiguity(3.87), routinization(2.6), work overload (2.45) and autonomy(2.37). Hospital employees are aware of their responsibility and they regarded their work as heavy one. The compensatory satisfaction degree was 2.5 which was also low: There were in the order stability(3.1), distributive justice(2.57), pay(2.3) and promotion(1.9). Usually hospital employees showed high degree of stability, while, their satisfaction on promotion possibility is quite low due to specially differentiated structures of hospitals. The degree of satisfaction on the internal conditions of organizational culture was relatively higher as 2.92: They were co-worker's support(3.69), supervisory support(3.15), role conflict(2.64) and welfare(2.17) in order. The satisfaction on welfare as an economic condition was the lowest. 2. Personal Variables The level of satisfaction on personal variables was 3.27 which seemed to be quite high: Contribution to the hospital(3.38), attitude on job performance(3.28) and pride as a member of the hospital(3.07). They seem to believe that their work has been helpful to the performance of hospitals. 3. Environmental Variables The degree of satisfaction on these variables was 3.07 on the average which was derived from environmental factors such as family-role conflict and community support related to hospital employees' environment. The order of satisfaction for each variable is community support(3.2) and family-role conflict(2.94). They turned out to be fairly satisfied with their job in community and yet, they wanted more spare time to spend with their family.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.623-639
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• 1995

We have never seen any method to cope basically with complicated situation and problems around medical reimbursement rates here in Korea since 1977 witnessed by the beginning of medical insurance. By the way researchers concerned are beginning to propose some kinds of innovative and detailed ideas to government these days. They are Diagnosis-related group(DRG) and Resource-based .elative value scale(RBRVS). In the light of this situation it is so encouraging that our government can come up with that and move. In case of RBRVS research we have already been reaching even to the level of reviewing and revising methodology for its further development after naive pilot study on internal medicine and general surgery last year. However there might be something different conditions between USA and Korea to apply the same Dr. Hsiao's method and it must be vital to check so called' total work approach' compared with 'intra-service work approach' before expanding to the whole medical fields. According to the' Intra-service approach', the physician's work is supposed to be divided into three sub-works by the name of intraservice work, pre, and post service work. These sub-works, again should be merged together to be the pre-postwork subset through some statistical methods of the estimation process applied by Dr. Hsiao's methodology in RBRVS development later on. But in this paper that estimation process was not taken because we could have real values for all of those surveyed items related to just one specialty, OB & GY. Instead, We used some statistical comparison procedures relevant to demographic characteristics, reliability & validity and correlation analysis with American RVU(Relative value unit) between the total work and merged total work from intraservice work approach. The unit of analysis was individual physicians of OB & GY and 300 physicians were selected for each approach through statistical sampling method based on national population of OB & GY physicians in Korea. And also with the thankful help of Advisory Committee under Korean Association of OB & GY, questionnaires were made and mailed to the subjects, two times. As a result there were not any statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics between the two approaches except for the variable 'Response time for the questionnaires', but in other sections of comparisons, response rate, representative values, reliability & validity test, correlation analysis with American RVU, all showed 'Total approach' was not only more rational and statistically meaningful than 'Intra-service approach' but also had considerable merits. But we are not absolutely sure about this paper's robustness. Because of some limitations, we'd rather like to suggest further researches should be followed. In that sense the first thing would be a research for the influence of doctor's characteristics, especially 'frequency' on the rating of work and the way to define total work more clearly.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2020

FCAW는 모든 자세에서 용접이 가능하고 작업여건 변수가 많은 현장에서 우수한 품질을 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있어 탄소강과 합금강의 중판, 후판 용접에 많이 사용되고 있다. 최근 국내에서 진행한 연구논문의 대부분이 피로 강도 평가 방법 연구, 잔류응력 및 변형, 필릿 용접 공정 개발 등의 연구가 시행되었으나 필릿 용접을 대상으로 경도, 매크로, 자분탐상 결과를 토대로 하여 기계적 특성을 나타낸 연구가 부족함에 따라 본 연구에서는 FCAW를 이용하여 상부는 SS400(일반구조용 압연강재) 후판은 SM490A(용접구조용 압연강재)를 이용하여 필릿 용접 후 경도시험, 매크로 시험, 자분탐상시험을 통해 아래와 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 경도시험 결과, 모든 결과 값이 KS B 0893의 규격치 350Hv보다 낮게 나타나 양호한 것으로 판단되었고, 매크로 시험 결과 용접부의 형상별로 균일한 조직 상태를 나타냈으며, 용접부 전 단면에 걸쳐 내부 결함, 기포 또는 불순물 등이 발견되지 않아 lamination의 우려가 없었으며, 자분탐상검사 결과 별도의 문제점이 발견되지 않았다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2017

2000년대 이후 청소년의 팬덤활동에 대한 연구들이 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 팬덤활동은 청소년들에게 하나의 하위문화이기 때문에 문화를 인정해주는 동시에, 부정적인 영향을 줄일 수 있는 방법으로 도움을 줄 필요가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 청소년들의 팬덤활동이 삶만족도에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고, 자아존중감이 조절효과를 보이는지 살펴보았다. 연구를 위하여 한국청소년정책연구원에서 실시한 한국아동 청소년패널조사 중 초등학교 1학년의 6차년도 자료를 이용하였으며, 총 1088명의 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년의 팬덤활동과 삶만족도, 팬덤활동과 자아존중감은 부적 상관이 있었다. 청소년의 자아존중감과 삶만족도는 정적인 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 청소년의 팬덤활동은 삶만족도에 부정적인 영향을 미치고, 팬덤활동과 삶만족도의 관계에서 자아존중감은 조절효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 팬덤활동의 부정적인 역할을 조절할 수 있는 변인을 밝혔다는 데 의의가 있고, 추후 팬덤활동과 개인내적변인, 청소년의 삶만족도와의 관계에 대한 심층적인 연구를 할 수 있는 발판을 마련하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2575-2587
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• 2011

초기의 금융정보기술은 독자적인 시스템을 개발 도입하는데 높은 비용을 투자하였다. 오늘날의 금융정보기술 도입은 내부 효율성제고와 경비 절감에 있으나 장기적 전력차원을 고려 기업의 경쟁우의를 확보하는데 활용한다. 정보시스템 품질과 성과측면에 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있으나, 최근에는 정보시스템을 사용하는 사용자 측면도 중요한 사항으로 대두되고 있다. 기존연구에서는 정보시스템 품질이 성과에 미치는 영향 관계 연구와 흡수역량이 성과에 미치는 영향 관계연구만 살펴보고 있다. 즉, 정보시스템 품질과 흡수역량을 독립변수의 위치에서 각각 경영성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 연구되어지고 있는 것이다. 반면 이 두 변수간의 관련성에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 금융정보시스템 품질과 흡수역량을 각각 독립변수와 매개변수로 금융성과에 미치는 매개효과를 연구해 보았다. 연구결과 금융정보시스템 품질은 기업성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 흡수역량은 완전매개 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 흡수역량이 독립변수로써 금융성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있으나, 금융정보시스템 품질을 매개변수로 하여서는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.379-388
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• 1999

Breastfeeding is an excellent way of feeding infants and continues to be an important source of nutrition and antibodies for infants. Although breast-feeding is believed to be important, the rate of breastfeeding among Korean women is very low. One reason for the low breastfeeding rate is that the health professionals in the past have given little practical help couples to overcome difficulties encountered during breastfeeding. The promotion of breastfeeding has recently become a high priority among health professionals because of the undisputed physiological, psychological, social, economic, and nutritional benefits. Fathers have been found to influence the course of breastfeeding, but no one has conducted a systematic investigation into in and included fathers perspectives of breastfeeding in Korea. It is important to find strategies to solve the problems by assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of breastfeeding with fathers as well as mothers. The purpose of this research is to find ways to promote primiparous(first child) couples's breastfeeding by assessing their general knowledge, attitude and practice of it. More specifically its purposes is to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitude, practice and the background factors of breastfeeding of primiparous couples in order to promote and support breastfeeding. The data will help health professionals to guide first-pregnancy couples to prepare and overcome any difficulties encountered during breastfeeding. Data were collected through a questionnaire which included both structured and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was composed referencing earlier literature, studies and surveys. This survey was made postpartum 2-3days after childbirth on 96 couples. The numbers of subjects for data analysis were selected 51 couples through pilot screening test. Data were coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences : Cronbach's alpha coefficient, T-test, ANOVA, Stepwise pearson's correlation coefficient. The relations between the variables of breastfeeding were examined using a Pearson's correlation coefficient. This study showed that, the internal validity of the instrument was tested by Cronbach's alpha. The result was : mother knowledge 0.72, mother attitude 0.88, and father knowledge 0.70, father attitude 0.92, practice 0.76 and planning of breast feeding 0.95. The average age of mothers in the sample was 28.9 years old, and the average age of fathers in the sample was 31.3 years old. The other descriptive informations available included. the study also found that fathers were more important than doctors or nurses. However results of the study indicate that there were no differences between father and mother knowledge of breastfeeding(t=-0.39, p=0.698), and father attitude was statistically significant higher than mother attitude of breastfeeding (t=2.24, p=0.030). In analysis, the variable 'practice' with breastfeeding was the relationship with mother knowledge (p=0.031) and mother attitude(p=0.015). In this study, the correlation between one couple' knowledge and attitude was not significant. Primiparous couples surveyed in the postpartum period regarding knowledge, attitude and practice about breastfeeding might be affected by recall bias, the effects of the euphoria of the first 24-48 hours postpartum, but these variables were not examined. This study results add to the body of knowledge about nursing care for breastfeeding mothers and fathers. This indicates that a need for education about breastfeeding and, that fathers be included in it as well as mothers.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.519-529
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• 2017

Sodium butyrate (SB) has various metabolic actions. However, its effect on dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) needs to be studied further. We aimed to evaluate the metabolic actions of SB, considering its physiologically relevant concentration. We evaluated the effect of SB on regulation of DPP-4 and its other metabolic actions, both in vitro (HepG2 cells and mouse mesangial cells) and in vivo (high fat diet [HFD]-induced obese mice). Ten-week HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice were subjected to SB treatment by adding SB to HFD which was maintained for an additional 16 weeks. In HepG2 cells, SB suppressed DPP-4 activity and expression at sub-molar concentrations, whereas it increased DPP-4 activity at a concentration of $1,000{\mu}M$. In HFD-induced obese mice, SB decreased blood glucose, serum levels of insulin and $IL-1{\beta}$, and DPP-4 activity, and suppressed the increase in body weight. On the contrary, various tissues including liver, kidney, and peripheral blood cells showed variable responses of DPP-4 to SB. Especially in the kidney, although DPP-4 activity was decreased by SB in HFD-induced obese mice, it caused an increase in mRNA expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and $IL-1{\beta}$. The pro-inflammatory actions of SB in the kidney of HFD-induced obese mice were recapitulated by cultured mesangial cell experiments, in which SB stimulated the secretion of several cytokines from cells. Our results showed that SB has differential actions according to its treatment dose and the type of cells and tissues. Thus, further studies are required to evaluate its therapeutic relevance in metabolic diseases including diabetes and obesity.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2015

붓꽃속(Genus Iris)의 금붓꽃계열(Series Chinensis)은 극동아시아에 국한되어 분포하고 있으며 한국에는 총 6분류군이 자생하고 있다. 이는 크게 두 개의 주요 그룹 (각시붓꽃 complex와 금붓꽃 complex)으로 나뉜다. 본 연구에서는 팔공산에서 발견된 잡종추정개체들의 실체와 붓꽃속 금붓꽃계열 분류군간의 계통학적 유연관계를 규명하기 위해 핵 rDNA ITS와 엽록체 matK 유전자의 염기서열을 확보하여 분석하였다. 총 55개체로부터 얻은 106 개 ITS amplicon의 염기서열 및 군외군의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 금붓꽃계열의 노랑무늬붓꽃, 노랑붓꽃, 금붓꽃 및 잡종추정군은 군외군과 구분되어 유집되었으나, 군내군 사이에서는 높은 다형성 염기서열이 관측되었다. ITS 계통수에서 잡종추정군의 일부는 노랑무늬붓꽃과 하나의 분계조를 나타내었고, 나머지 잡종추정군의 경우는 금붓꽃+노랑붓꽃과 분계조를 형성하였다. 한편 cpDNA의 경우 matK를 제외한 나머지 마커는 금붓꽃과 노랑붓꽃의 차이를 보여주지 못하였다. matK의 NJ 계통수에서 잡종추정군이 금붓꽃과 높은 Bootstrap 값으로 하나의 분계조를 형성하였으며, 염기서열이 일치하였다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 팔공산에서 발견된 잡종추정군의 모계는 금붓꽃이고 부계는 노랑무늬붓꽃이라는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

본 연구는 이성적 행동이론의 모형을 토대로 정보탐색과 브랜드이미지가 호텔이용의도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 본연구의 주요 목적은 이성적 행동이론을 바탕으로 호텔에 대한 태도가 이용의항에 미치는 영향을 조사하는데 있다. 또한 이성적 행동이론에 대한 제한점을 고려하여 대체변수로써 브랜드이미지가 호텔태도와 이용의항에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 브랜드 이미지가 주관적 규범을 대체 할 경우 이성적 행동이론의 설명력에 유의한 기여를 하는지를 확인하였다. 그리고 호텔이용의향에 있어서 정보탐색의 유형이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 세 가지 속성요인 즉, 인적서비스와 물리적 시설, 정보화로 구분한 호텔의 인지적 평가요인 중에서 특히 인적서비스와 물리적 시설이 호텔이용의향에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 브랜드이미지는 호텔이용의향 뿐만 아니라 호텔에 대한 태도에도 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 브랜드 이미지가 이성적 행동이론을 개선해 주는 역할을 한다는 분석결과는 이성적 행동이론의 주관적 규범이 갖는 제한점을 극복하여준다는 면에서도 중요성을 갖는다. 호텔이용을 위한 정보탐색과정율 통해 고객은 TV. 라디오, 신문, 잡지, 인터넷 같은 외적 정보원을 호텔 이용결정에 있어서 더 중시하는 것으로 나타났다.