• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.82-85
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• 2013

The needled leaves of three conifer species were collected in Mt. Taehwa during different seasons of the year. Total 59 isolates and 19 species of endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves and identified using morphological and molecular characteristics. As a result, Shannon index was different in its host plant; Larix kaempferi had a highest value of species diversity. According to the sampling season, 9 species of 19 species were isolated during fall season. The results suggest that the existing of host plant and sampling season are major factors of distribution of endophytic fungi.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.135-149
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• 2020

Da-Lat is a hilly area located in southern Vietnam. Macrofungal diversity of Da-Lat was investigated from 2018 to 2019. A total of 468 macrofungal specimens was collected and identified using the modern species concept and taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses. Among them, internal transcribed spacer(ITS) region of 401 specimens were successfully sequenced and compared with those of related species retrieved from GenBank. In total, 180 specimens were identified at the species level. The sequenced specimens were classified into 2 phyla, 13 orders, 38 families, 93 genera, and 124 species. The remaining 221 specimens (175 species) did not match the species level. This study is the first well-documented taxonomic list of macrofungi collected from southern Vietnam.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.213-222
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• 2021

Two new species of Fulvifomes are described from specimens collected in rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve of southern China, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU) sequences. Fulvifomes nonggangensis sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile and solitary basidiocarps, applanate pileus, small cystidioles of 9.9-15.4 × 2.9-3.5 ㎛, large pores of 5-6 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores of 4.3-5.3 × 3.3-4.2 ㎛. F. tubogeneratus sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile, and imbricate basidiocarps, a duplex context, small pores of 7-8 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and ovoid to subglobose basidiospores of 5.72 × 5.00 ㎛.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2023

Dark brown leaf molds growing in a vein-limited pattern have been continuously observed on the lower leaf surface of Fatoua villosa in Korea. Fifteen samples deposited in the Korea University herbarium were examined for fungal morphological characterization. Two monoconidial isolates were obtained in 2022, and molecular analysis was performed based on a combined multigene dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and partial actin (actA), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (rpb2). Based on morphological features and molecular phylogenetic analysis, the fungus Pseudocercospora fatouae was identified. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study reporting the presence of P. fatouae on F. villosa in Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2001

The phylogenetic tree displayed the presence of five groups in the Phellinus genus, which were distinguished based on their morphology. Most of the p. linteus appeared a cluster which was highly significant with the exception of P. linteus KACC 500122 and KACC 500411. They formed the sister taxa of P 1inteus where P. baumii, Phellinus sp. MPNU 7003, MPNU 7007, and MPNU 7010 had similar morphological characteristics. Also, P. nigricans IMSNU 32024 and P. pini var, carniformans IMSNU 32031 were grouped in the same cluster with P. igniarius KCTC 6227, KCTC 6228, and P. chrysoloma KCTC 6225 extracted from the Gen-Bank database. P. torulosus IMSNU 32028 and Phellinus sp. MPNU 7011 formed a closed group, however, these species had a distant taxa when compared with the other Phellinus species. The nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) including the 5.85 rDNA were determined from 24 strains of the Phellinus genus in order to analyze their phylogenetic relationship. These fungi were divided into two basic groups based on their ITS length, however, this grouping was different from that based on their morphological characteristics. Although various ITS sequences were ambiguously aligned, conserved sites were also identified. Accordingly, a neighbor-joining tree was constructed using the nucleotide sequence data of the conserved sites of the ITS regions and the 5.8S rDNA.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.821-834
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• 2002

In order to measure the inter- and intraspecific genetic divergences within the genus Alexandrium, the variations within the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) regions and 5.85 ribosomal RNA gene of eight Alexandrium species were examined for 33 strains from diverse geographical locations by direct sequencing. Five isolates of A. tamarense (AT-2, AT-6, AT-10, AT-A and AT-B) from Jinhae Bay, Korea were found to be completely identical to a Japanese strain OFX151-A. The length of the amplified ITSI-5.85-ITS2 region varied from 481 nucleotides (in A. margalefi) to 528 nucleotides (in A. affine CU1-1). ITS1 and ITS2 nucleotide lengths were negatively correlated, whereas a positive correlation was found between their G＋C content. The degree of sequence divergence ranged from 0.3% (1 bp) to a maximum of 53% (305 Up). Pairwise sequence comparisons revealed a small degree of divergence between A. tamarense and A. Pundyense isolates (1.2 - 2.3% ＝ 6-12 bp), but a high degree of divergence between A. tamarense and A. catenella (19.8% ＝ 102 bp), and between A. catenella and A. Pundyense (19.7%). Although most nodes were weakly supported by bootstrap values, some types tend to form independent molecular groups. A. catenella isolates also formed an independent molecular sub-group, with relaticula strong bootstrap values (94% or 85% and 79% or 98%, respectively in PAUP and NJ trees). Interestingly, A. cohorticula and A. frateculus always clustered within the same sub-group, this result being supported by strong bootstrap values. Our results indicate that the ITS regions provide useful informations on hierarchical population genetic structure and a high phylogenetic resolution in intraspecific and interspecific Alexandrium population.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2012

Phytophthora katsurae is a fungal pathogen responsible for chestnut ink disease. We designed two duplex primer sets (SOPC 1F/1R+KatI 3F/5R, SOPC 1-1F/1-1R+KatI 3F/5R) to detect P. katsurae. SOPC 1F/1R and SOPC 1-1F/1-1R primer pairs were designed for sequence characteristic amplification regions (SCAR) marker, and KatI 3F/5R primer pair was used for P. katsurae-specific primer designed from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. To assess the sensitivity of duplex PCR, genomic DNA was serially diluted 10-fold to make the final concentrations from 1 mg/ml to 1 ng/ml. The sensitivity for two primer sets were 1 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 100 ng/ml, respectively. To find detection limits for zoospores of P. katsurae, each zoospore suspension was serially diluted 10-fold to make the final concentrations from $1{\times}10^6$ to $1{\times}10^2$ cells/ml, and then DNA was extracted. The limits of detection for all of two primer sets were $1{\times}10^5$ cells/ml. All of two primer sets were specific to P. katsurae in PCR detection and did not produce any P. katsurae-specific PCR amplicons from other 16 Phytophthora species used as the control. This study shows that duplex PCR using two primer sets might be a useful tool for rapid and efficient detection of P. katsurae.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.179-182
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• 2020

In July 2018, a serious rust symptom was found throughout the fringe trees planted in Gangjin-gun, Korea. Yellow and brown spots were observed on the adaxial (topside) surface of the collected fringe tree leaves, and yellow color aecia were observed on the abaxial (underside) surface leaves. The size of aeciospore and urediniospores of JCK-KCFR1 strain were measured to 41.2 ㎛ (Φ) and 28.84 ㎛ (Φ) with a light microscope. Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit rRNA, internal transcribed spacer, and large subunit rRNA region indicated that JCK-KCFR1 strain is novel species of the genus Puccinia and closely related to Puccinia kusanoi, which has been reported a rust pathogen on bamboo. In May 2019, rust symptoms were also discovered on the bamboo leaves planted around the fringe tree on Muwisa-ro, and their telia and teliospores were observed on the abaxial leaf surfaces of the bamboo with 100% sequence homology with the rust of the fringe tree. This is the first report that Puccinia sp. JCK-KCFR1 is a new species that requires both primary (fringe tree) and alternative (bamboo) host plants to complete its life cycle in Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2020

From a moss sample, we isolated and identified Notohymena gangwonensis Kim et al., 2019 based on morphological and molecular data. The moss and type population has completely identical 18S rRNA (nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA) gene sequences and both are highly similar in morphological and morphometric attributes, except for the diameter and arrangement of the cortical granules. Thus, we reexamined the type materials(i.e., micrographs and gDNA) and resulted in finding mistakes made by the authors of the species. Based on these data and supporting materials newly obtained (i.e., internal transcribed spacer [ITS] 1, ITS2, 5.8S, and partial 28S rDNA sequences, and scanning electron micrographs), we provide improved diagnosis of the species to clarify its identity. In addition, a key for Notohymena species is provided.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.273-285
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• 2005

Genetic variation of notorious invasive plants, common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) and giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) were examined using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. A total of 18 different ITS types were detected from 156 individuals of common ragweed sampled mainly from the southern part of Korean peninsula whereas four types were identified from 46 individuals of giant ragweed. High sequence diversity observed from common ragweed in Korean populations was interpreted as multiple introduction. Genetic recombination was suggested as possible method for the production of some of the ITS types while point mutation was mainly responsible for the origin of the sequence diversity. This study provided some of basic genetic information needed for understanding of the evolutionary process in ragweed during invasion.