• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.432-436
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• 2007

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare tumor that is difficult to clearly distinguish from an adenocarcinoma but usually has a poor prognosis. Numerous cytotoxic agents have been used in the primary treatment of MPM with limited success. A complete response is unusual and a partial response occurs in less than one-third of patients. Recently, a phase III trial showed that a combination of pemetrexed with cisplatin resulted in a significantly higher response rate and median survival time than with cisplatin alone. We encountered a case of a dramatic tumor response to pemetrexed/cisplatin combination chemotherapy in patients with MPM, which was resistant to the 1st-line gemcitabine/cisplatin therapy. After six cycles of pemetrexed/cisplatin combination chemotherapy, the tumor volume had decreased dramatically with complete symptom relief. There was no chemotherapy-related toxicity or scheduled violation. The patient is under maintenance chemotherapy with the same regimen.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-91
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• 2013

An analytical model of internal pressure response of a leaky and quasi-statically flexible building with a dominant opening is provided by including the effect of the envelope external pressure fluctuations on the roof, in addition to the fluctuating external pressure at the dominant opening. Wind tunnel experiments involving a flexible roof and different building porosities were carried out to validate the analytical predictions. While the effect of envelope flexibility is shown to lower the Helmholtz frequency of the building volume-opening combination, the lowering of the resonant peak in the internal and net roof pressure coefficient spectra is attributed to the increased damping in the system due to inherent background leakage and envelope flexibility. The extent of the damping effects of "skin" flexibility and background leakage in moderating the internal and net pressure response under high wind conditions is quantified using the linearized admittance functions developed. Analytical examples provided for different combinations of background leakage and envelope flexibility show that alleviation of internal and net pressure fluctuations due to these factors by as much as 40 and 15% respectively is possible compared to that for a nominally sealed rigid building of the same internal volume and opening size.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.258-267
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• 2004

Objective : This study investigated the effects of Yangsaengwhallyukdan on nitrite oxide synthase (NOS) activity, nitrite level, antioxidation and erectile response in rat corpus cavernosum penis. Methods : Yangsaengwhallyukdan was formulated to contain various natural products that have been used to treat erectile dysfunction. Yangsaengwhallyukdan suspended in a 0.5% CMC solution was oral-administered, 50 mg or 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight for 30 days, while the normal group was administered only with a 0.5% CMC solution. The efficacy of the Yangsaengwhallyukdan was assessed with regard to erectile function. Results: After the Yangsaengwhallyukdan was administered to the rat for 30 days, the urethral NOS activity increased. The level of urethral nitrite, glutathione and testosterone increased too. The level of urethral lipid peroxide was decreased in Yangsaengwhallyukdan treated rats. The erectile response to a cavernous nerve stimulation in L-NAME$(10^4)$-treated rats in rats given Yangsaengwhallyukdan reached the level of the normal group. Conclusions : This study suggest that Yangsaengwhallyukdan is effective for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1992

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Kwandongwhasan extract and its constituent herbs onthe contractile force of isolated guineapig trachealis muscle and to elucidate its mechanism. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Kwandongwhasan significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by histamine. 2. Kwandongwhasan significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by acetylcholine. 3. Kwandongwhasan significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by 5-hydrooxytryptamine. 4. Kwandongwhasan significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by prostaglandin $F2\;{\alpha}$ 5. Herba Ephedrae (麻黃), Semen Armeniacae(杏仁), Cortex Mormi(紫白皮), and Flos Farfarae (款冬花), extract significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by histamine, acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandin $F2\;{\alpha}$. 6. Radix Glycyrrhdzae(甘草) extract significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by prostaglandia $F2\;{\alpha}$. 7. Rhizoma Anemarrhenae(知母) extract significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle by histamine. 8. Bulbus Fritillariae(貝母) and Tuber Pinelliae(半夏) extract did not inhibit the significantly inhibited the contractile response of isolated guinea pig trachealis muscle.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2023

This systematic and meta-analysis aims to evaluate humoral and cellular responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). We conducted a systematic literature search across databases to evaluate seroconversion and cellular response rates in KTRs receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We extracted studies that assessed seroconversion rates described as the presence of antibody de novo positivity in KTRs following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination published up to January 23rd, 2022. We also performed meta-regression based on immunosuppression therapy used. A total of 44 studies involving 5,892 KTRs were included in this meta-analysis. The overall seroconversion rate following complete dose of vaccines was 39.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 33.3%-45.3%) and cellular response rate was 41.6% (95% CI, 30.0%-53.6%). Meta-regression revealed that low antibody response rate was significantly associated with the high prevalence of mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid (p=0.04), belatacept (p=0.02), and antiCD25 induction therapy uses (p=0.04). Conversely, tacrolimus use was associated with higher antibody response (p=0.01). This meta-analysis suggests that postvaccination seroconversion and cellular response rates in KTRs are still low. And seroconversion rate was correlated with the type of immunosuppressive agent and induction therapy used. Additional doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for this population using a different type of vaccine are considered.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.110-117
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine factors influencing the duration of occlusal appliance (OA) treatment for patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement. Methods: Ninety patients were included for this study, who satisfied the following including criteria: (i) those who were diagnosed as disc displacement of TMJ by taking magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (ii) those who were finished OA treatment. The subjects were classified into three groups according to the period of OA treatment: (i) early response group (<6 months), (ii) moderate response group (6 months-1 year), and (iii) delayed response group (>1 year). Demographic data, data from chief complaints and past history of temporomandibular disorder, data from clinical examination and diagnostic imaging including panoramic view and TMJ MRI were compared among groups. One-way ANOVA and chi-square analysis were used to test statistical significance. Results: There were no significant differences in demographic data, data from chief complaints and TMJ imaging. However, only the prevalence of oral parafunctional habits including bruxism, clenching, and unilateral chewing showed significant differences among groups. Conclusions: Oral parafunctional habits could be factors to influence the duration of OA treatment in the patients with TMJ internal derangement.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Objectives : The cancer incidence and cancer burden is increasing. In addition, the use of botanical agents in cancer care is increasing. This article aims to review a research strategy for botanical agents. Methods : The clinical studies of anticancer botanical agents and the papers about clinical research methodology of botanical agents were reviewed. Results : In phase I study, safety confirmation, optimal dose determination and drug interaction study are important. Most botanical agents have low toxicity and some have non-monotone dose response. Therefore, dose-response curve must be evaluated separately from the dose-toxicity curve to determine optimal dose. Although anticancer botanical agents can't shrink tumor size rapidly, they do extend survival. So, in phase II study, response should be evaluated by the survival. Conclusions : Clinical research of botanical agents in cancer is different from traditional methods and strategies. Considering the characteristics of botanical agents and experimental mechanism is necessary in conducting botanical based clinical trials.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.506-509
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• 2008

A 2-month-old, intact female white Bull Terrier presented because of suspected deafness. The coat color was predominantly white and the iris color, of both eyes, was brown. The dog did not respond to the owner's voice when the sound stimuli were presented outside of the visual field; however, the dog responded to visual gestures. The other physical, neurological, otoscopic, radiographic, and blood examinations were unremarkable. To assess the apparent deafness, brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were recorded and analyzed in the dog with suspected deafness as well as a normal littermate. The response in the normal littermate consisted of a series of five wave peaks (I-V) with decreased amplitude and prolonged latency as the stimulus intensity decreased. The BAER from the dog suspected of deafness appeared as a flat line and did not reveal identifiable peaks that corresponded to those found in the normal littermate. Thus, congenital, sensorineural and bilateral deafness was confirmed by the BAER.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.637-643
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• 2019

Wind tunnel testing for flow-through model is necessary for performance prediction of an aircraft with air-breathing jet engine. Internal drag correction and wall correction are performed to acquire preciser wind tunnel test data. Many test runs are generally required to correct internal drag and wall interference in wind tunnel test. In this study we investigated more effective correction schemes using the response surface method. Even though the number of tests required for these schemes was much smaller than that for conventional methods, the differences between corrections using these schemes and conventional methods were similar level with the uncertainty of measurement except for the data near the boundaries.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.12-28
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• 2001

Background and Object : Immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ISS CpG-ODN) up-regulate the $T_{H1}$-type immune response and down-regulate the $T_{H2}$-type response. This study was performed to investigate the immune response changes resulting from ISS CpG-ODN on bronchial hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in rat asthma. Materials and Methods : 10 normal controls(NC) and 26 asthmatic rats, which were generated by ovalbumin(OVA) sensitization and challenge, were studied. The asthmatic rats were randomized into 11 asthma controls(AC) and 15 in the asthma-CpG treatment group(CpG). The CpG group was administered ISS CpG-ODN intramuscularly and the AC group was administered a placebo(0.9% NaCl) on day 15 and 20. After CpG-ODN or placebo administration, we measured the IFN-${\gamma}$($T_{H1}$-type cytokine) and IL-4($T_{H2}$-type cytokine) levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), the specific airway resistance(sRaw), eosinophilic fraction in BALF, eosinophilic infiltration, goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5AC gene expression in the lung tissue. Results : In the BALF of the CpG group, the IFN-${\gamma}$ concentration was significantly high and the IL-4 concentration was significantly low when compared with the AC group. Both the sRaw and eosinophilic fraction, and infiltration into the BALF and lung tissue significantly lower in the CpG group when compared with the AC group. However, little difference in goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5AC gene expression was observed between the CpG group and the AC group. Conclusion : ISS CpG-ODN decreases bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic inflammation in the rat asthma model through the up-regulation of the $T_{H1}$-type immune response with the down-regulation of the $T_{H2}$-type response. However, the effect of these immune response changes on mucus hypersecretion was is not remarkable in this study.