• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.212-217
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• 2014

The electric power output characteristics of magnesium fuel cell were investigated with regard to internal resistance. A equivalent circuit with the series-connected three internal resistance was introduced to analyze of the response to change of power. The power output analysis was employed in order to investigate the effect of internal resistances for the electrolyte concentration, air electrode area, Mg electrode area and distance between the electrodes. It was confirmed that internal resistance is generated by the electrolyte, air electrode and metal electrode, then those Internal resistances had a significant effect on the power output decrease. The power output was a maximum when the load resistance maches the internal resistance of the magnesium fuel cell. The fuel efficiency was only 50% at maximum power output. Higher fuel efficiency was achieved when the load resistance is greater than the internal resistance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07e
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• pp.92-95
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• 2004

Power transformer is an important apparatus in transforming and delivering the power in a power system. It shows less accident ratio than other system apparatus, but once the accident occurs, it causes long-term operation stoppage and economic loss. It brings high bad spillover effects. Therefore, the role of protective relaying, which is to prevent internal fault a power transformer is highly important. This study proposed advanced algorithm that can clearly determine internal fault of the power transformer and magnetizing inrush, through numerical analysis by using the terminal voltage and input output current.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.469-476
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• 2008

Condition based maintenance(CBM) for the preventive diagnosis of important equipments related to safety or accident in power plant is essential by using the suitable methods based on actual power plant conditions. To improve the reliability and accuracy of the measured value at the minute leak situation, and also to monitor continuously internal leak condition of power plant valve, the development of a diagnosis and monitoring technique using multi-measuring method should be performed urgently. This study was conducted to estimate the feasibility of multi-measuring method using three different methods such as acoustic emission(AE) method, thermal image measurement and temperature difference$({\Delta}T)$ measurement that are applicable to internal leak diagnosis for the power plant valve. From the experimental results, it was suggested that the multi-measuring method could be an effective way to precisely diagnose and evaluate internal leak situation of valve.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.65-70
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to verify availability of the acoustic emission in-situ monitoring method to the internal leak and operating conditions of the turbine major valves relating to safety for turbine operating and prevention of turbine trouble at nuclear power plants. In this study, acoustic emission tests are performed when the pressurized electro-hydraulic control oil flowed through turbine electro-hydraulic controller oil check valve and turbine power/trip fluid solenoid valve in the condition of actual turbine operating. The acoustic emission method was applied to the valves at the site, and the background noise was measured far the abnormal plant condition. To judge for the leak existence ell the object valves, voltage analysis and frequency analysis of acoustic signal emitted from infernal leak in the valve operating condition are performed. It was conformed that acoustic emission method could monitor for valve internal leak to high sensitivity.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2023

Coal-fired power plants handle large quantities of coal, one of the most prominent NORM, and the coal ash produced after the coal is burned can be tens of times more radioactive than the coal. Workers in these industries may be exposed to internal exposure by inhalation of particles while handling NORM. This study evaluated the size, concentration, particle shape and density, and radioactivity concentrations of airborne suspended particles in the main processes of a coal-fired power plant. Finally, the internal radiation dose to workers from particle inhalation was evaluated. For this purpose, airborne particles were collected by size using a multi-stage particle collector to determine the size, shape, and concentration of particles. Samples of coal and coal ash were collected to measure the density and radioactivity of particles. The dose conversion factor and annual radionuclide inhalation amount were derived based on the characteristics of the particles. Finally, the internal radiation dose due to particle inhalation was evaluated. Overall, the internal radiation dose to workers in the main processes of coalfired power plants A and B ranged from 1.47×10^-5~1.12×10^-3 mSv y^-1. Due to the effect of dust generated during loading operations, the internal radiation dose of fly ash loading processes in both coal-fired power plants A and B was higher than that of other processes. In the case of workers in the coal storage yard at power plants A and B, the characteristic values such as particle size, airborne concentration, and working time were the same, but due to the difference in radioactivity concentration and density depending on the origin of the coal, the internal radiation dose by origin was different, and the highest was found when inhaling coal imported from Australia among the five origins. In addition, the main nuclide contributing the most to the internal radiation dose from the main processes in the coal-fired power plants was thorium due to differences in dose conversion factors. However, considering the external radiation dose of workers in coal-fired power plants presented in overseas research cases, the annual effective dose of workers in the main processes of power plants A and B does not exceed 1mSv y^-1, which is the dose limit for the general public notified by the Nuclear Safety Act. The results of this study can be utilized to identify the internal exposure levels of workers in domestic coal-fired power plants and will contribute to the establishment of a data base for a differential safety management system for NORM-handling industries in the future.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2003

The power transformer is one of the very important electric facilities in power systems. Recently, current differential relay is widely used to protect such power transformer But if inrush occurs in transformer, relay can be tripped by judging like internal fault. Therefore the correct discrimination between internal winding fault, inrush and overexcitation should be performed. This paper presents a new protective relaying algorithm which discriminates inrush, internal faults and overexcitation of transformer modelled using BCTRAN and HYSDAT of EMTP. Discrimination between internal winding fault and inrush is revealed in simulation within 1/2 cycle after fault. Accordingly, it is evaluated that the proposed algorithm has better discrimination characteristics in various cases thin the current relaying for protection of transformer.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.4A no.3
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• pp.146-151
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• 2004

The most widely used primary protection for the internal fault detection of the power transformer is current ratio differential relaying (CRDR) with harmonic restraint. However, the second harmonic component could be decreased by magnetizing inrush when there have been changes to the material of the iron core or its design methodology. The higher the capacitance of the high voltage status and underground distribution, the more the differential current includes the second harmonic during the occurrence of an internal fault. Therefore, the conventional second harmonic restraint CRDR must be modified. This paper proposes a numerical algorithm for enhanced power transformer protection. This algorithm enables a clear distinction regarding internal faults as well as magnetizing inrush and steady state. It does this by analyzing the RMS fluctuation of terminal voltage, instantaneous value of the differential current, RMS changes, harmonic component analysis of differential current, and analysis of flux-differential slope characteristics. Based on the results of testing with WatATP99 simulation data, the proposed algorithm demonstrated more rapid and reliable performance.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2013

Data centers have been built with spread of cloud computing. Further, electric power consumption of it is growing rapidly. High power cooling small-sized fans; high pressure and large flow rate small-sized fan, are used for servers in the data centers and there is a strong demand to increase power of it because of increase of quantity of heat from the servers. Contra-rotating rotors have been adopted for some of high power cooling fans to meet the demand for high power. There is a limitation of space for servers and geometrical restriction for cooling fans because spokes to support fan motors, electrical power cables and so on should be installed in the cooling fans. It is important to clarify complicated internal flow condition and influence of a geometric shape of the cooling fans on performance to achieve high performance of the cooling fans. In the present paper, the performance and the flow condition of the high power contra-rotating small-sized axial fan with a 40mm square casing are shown by experimental and numerical results. Furthermore, influence of the geometrical shape of the small-sized cooling fan on the internal flow condition is clarified and design guideline to improve the performance is discussed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.1088-1098
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• 2018

Kori unit #1, which is the first commercial nuclear power plant in Korea, was permanently shutdown in June 2017, and it is about to be decommissioned. Currently in Korea, researches on the decommissioning technology are actively conducted, but there are few researches on workers internal exposure to radioactive aerosol that is generated in the process of decommissioning nuclear power plants. As a result, the over-exposure of decommissioning workers is feared, and the optimal working time needs to be revised in consideration of radioactive aerosol. This study investigated the annual exposure limits of various countries, which can be used as an indicator in evaluating workers' internal exposure to radioactive aerosol during pipe cutting in the process of decommissioning nuclear power plants, and the growth and dynamics of aerosol. Also, to evaluate it, the authors compared/analyzed the cases of aerosol generated when activated pipes are cut in the process of nuclear power plants and the codes for evaluating internal exposure. The evaluation codes and analyzed data conform to ALARA, and they are believed to be used as an important indicator in deriving an optimal working time that does not excess the annual exposure limit.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2015

The effects of additive such as $H_2O_2$ in KOH electrolyte solution for the Aluminum/Air fuel cell were investigated with regard to electric power characteristics. The power generated by a Al/Air fuel cell was controlled by the KOH electrolyte solution and $H_2O_2$ depolarizer. Higher cell power was achieved when higher KOH electrolyte concentration and higher $H_2O_2$ depolarizer amount. The maximum power was increased by the increase amount $H_2O_2$ depolarizer, it was found that $H_2O_2$ depolarizer inhibits the generation of hydrogen and the polarization effect was reduced as a result. Internal resistance analysis was employed to elucidate the maximum power variation. Higher internal resistance created internal potential differences that drive current dissipating energy. In order to improve the output characteristics of the Al/Air fuel cell, it is thought to be desirable to increase the KOH electrolyte concentration and increase the $H_2O_2$ addition amounts.