• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.44-47
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• 2005

The oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) has been shown in pinned $[CoFe/Pt(t_{pt})/CoFe]/IrMn$ multi-layers with perpendicular anisotropy. The period of oscillation corresponds to about 2 monolayers of Pt. The oscillatory behavior of IEC depending on the nonmagnetic metallic Pt thickness is thought to be related the antiferromagnetic ordering induced by IrMn layer. Oscillatory IEC as function of insulating NiO thickness has been observed in $[Pt/CoFe]_4/NiO(t_{NiO})/[CoFe/Pt]_4$ multilayers. The effect of N (number of bilayer repeats) upon the magnetic property of [Pt/CoFe]N/IrMn is also studied.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.119-121
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• 2001

Monte Carlo simulation was employed to study the phase transition in the classical Heisenberg ferromagnet with variable interlayer interactions. The measured transition temperatures show a strong logarithmic dependence on J/J'where J and J'are the intralayer and the interlayer exchange interaction, respectively. The results were compared with the theoretical expectations and an empirical formula for the critical coupling was stained.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2002년도 동계연구발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.20-21
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• 2002

최근 자성 박막의 연구에 있어서 이웃한 두 자성체 층 간의 교환 상호 결합 작용(interlayer exchange coupling)은 매우 중요한 연구 분야중 하나이다. 80년대 말 처음 강한 층간 교환 상호 결합 작용이 발견된 이래로, 비자성 사이 층의 두께에 따라서 층간 교환 상호 작용이 요동하는 현상과 더불어서 소위 거대 자기 저항(giant magnetoresistance)이라고 불리는 현상의 발견은 자성 박막의 나노 시대를 열었다고 해도 과언이 아니었다. (중략)

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

The magnetization and/or resistivity of high $T_c$ superconductors ($YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$(YBCO) single crystal, $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ (Bi-2212) single crystal, $Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8$ (Tl-2212) film, $HgBa_2Ca_2Cu_3O_8$ (Hg-1223) film) have been measured as a function of magnetic field H and temperature T. The extracted fluctuation part of the magnetization and conductivity exhibits a critical behavior consistent with the three-dimensional XY model. The dynamic critical exponent z does not sensitively vary with a type of the superconductors. The value of z ranges from 1.5 to $1.8{\pm}0.1$. However, the static critical exponent ${\nu}$ is the most largely increased in Tl-2212 that has a weaker interlayer coupling strength than YBCO; the value of ${\nu}$ is 0.669, 0.909, 1.19, and 1.338 for YBCO, Bi-2212, Hg-1223, and Tl-2212 respectively. The results indicate that the weak interlayer coupling along the c-axis of high $T_c$ superconductors near $T_c$ does not influence the dynamic critical exponent z (the same value of superfluid $^4He$), but significantly increases the static critical exponent ${\nu}$.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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• pp.260-260
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• 1999

We compared c-axis tunneling characteristics of small stacked intrinsic Josephson junctions prepared on the surface of pristine, I-, and HgI$_2$-intercalated Bi$_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+x}$ (Bi2212) single crystals. The R(T) curves are almost metallic in I-Bi2212 specimens, but semiconducting in HgI$_2$-Bi2212 ones.· The transition temperatures were 82.0 K, 73.0 K, and 76.8 K for pristine Bi2212, I-Bi2212, and HgI2-Bi2212 specimens, respectively, consistent with p-T$_c$ phase diagram. Current-voltage (IV) characteristics of both kinds of specimens show multiple quasiparticle branches with well developed gap features, indicating Josephson coupling is established between neighboring CuO$_2$ planes. The critical current I$_c$ of I-Bi2212 is almost the same as of that of pristine crystals, but I$_c$ is much reduced in Hgl$_2$-Bi2212. In spite of expanded interlayer distances, the interlayer coupling is not significantly affected in I-Bi2212due to holes generated by iodine atoms. The coupling in HgI$_2$-Bi2212 is, however, weakened due to inertness of HgI$_2$ molecules and the expansion of interlayer distance. Relation between the superconducting transition temperature T$_c$ and the critical current I$_c$ seems to contradict Anderson's interlayer-pair-tunneling theory but agree with a modified version of it.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.258-264
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• 1997

DC/RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링 방법으로 Corning glass 위에 증착된 NiO/NiFe/Cu/NiFe 스핀밸브 박막에서 반강자성체 NiO와 강자성층 NiFe 사이의 교환결합력( $H_{ex}$)과 보자력( $H_{c}$), 그리고 두 NiFe 강자성층간의 사잇층 결합력( $H_{int}$)에 대해 고찰하였다. 사잇층 Cu의 두께증가에 따라 자성층간의 $H_{int}$는 서서히 감소하였고, $H_{ex}$는 거의 90 Oe로 일정한 값을 보였다. NiO와 교환 결합한 NiFe의 두께증가에 따라 $H_{ex}$는 감소하였으나, $H_{int}$는 80 Oe 까지 유지하다 감소하였다. 또한 NiO와 교환 결합되지 않은 NiFe 자성층의 두께 증가에 따라서는 $H_{ex}$의 값이 거의 변화하지 않았고, $H_{int}$는 두께에 따라 서서히 증가하는 결과를 보였다.결과를 보였다.를 보였다..

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2008

[CoFe/Pt/CoFe]/IrMn 다층박막에 대하여 반강자성체 IrMn층 두께 의존성 및 열적안정성, 수평으로 전환하는 각도에 의존하는 수직자기 이방성 특성을 관찰하였다. IrMn층을 통해 유도된 강자성체/비자성체/강자성체 구조인 [CoFe($10{\AA}$)/Pt($8{\AA}$)/CoFe($10{\AA}$)]/IrMn 다층박막은 IrMn 두께 $7{\AA}$부터 상호교환결합력이 형성되었고, 열처리 온도 $250^{\circ}C$까지 열적안정성을 유지하였다. 수직자기 이방성 [CoFe/Pt/CoFe]/IrMn 다층박막에서 바닥 CoFe층과 Pt층을 사이에 두고 반강자성체인 IrMn층에 의해 고정되어 있는 상부 CoFe층간의 상호교환결합력은 이방성 측정 각도가 $0^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$일 때 각각 1,000 Oe, 1,500 Oe로, $90^{\circ}$일 때 $\infty$ Oe로 나타났다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The longitudinal magnetooptical Kerr effect was used to analyse magnetic domains in soft magnetic ${(Fe_{97}A1_3)}_{85}N_{15}$/$Al_{2}O_{3}$ multilayers in order to get microscopic understanding of interlayer exchange coupling. The measuring system consists of a Kerr microscope, a CCIR camera (with an 8-bit framegrabber), 16 bit digital camera and computer system for real-time image processing and to control external magnetic field and cameras. The strength of ferromagnetic (EM) coupling as a function of the spacer thickness of $Al_2O_3$ was investigated. It was found that strong FM-coupling, strong uniaxial anisotropy and coherent rotation of the magnetization have been observed for the spacer thickness in the range of 0.2 nm $\leq$ t $\leq$ 1 m, however, weak FM-coupling, patch domains and $360^{\circ}$-walls occur for the spacer thickness of t = 2.5 nm. At a spacer thickness of t $\geq$ 5 nm transition takes place from weak FM-coupling to the decoupled state where complex interlayer interactions and different types of the domain walls were observed.

• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1393-1398
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• 2018

We have investigated Bernal-stacked tetralayer graphene as a function of interlayer distance and perpendicular electric field by using density functional theory calculations. The low-energy band structure was found to be very sensitive to the interlayer distance, undergoing a metal-insulator transition. It can be attributed to the nearest-layer coupling that is more sensitive to the interlayer distance than are the next-nearest-layer couplings. Under a perpendicular electric field above a critical field, six electric-field-induced Dirac cones with mass gaps predicted in tight-binding models were confirmed, however, our density functional theory calculations demonstrate a phase transition to a quantum valley Hall insulator, contrasting to the tight-binding model prediction of an ordinary insulator.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2004

In the present work exchange coupling between ultrathin Fe ($8{\AA}$) and Tb ($12{\AA}$) layers separated by Au spacer of varied thickness ($3-20{\AA}$) was studied. Anomalous Hall effect measurements showed weakly damped oscillating dependence of the Hall conductivity as a function of Au spacer thickness. Disagreement of the observed damping with the RKKY model of interlayer exchange coupling was explained by the influence of external magnetic field on the behaviour of exchange coupling oscillations. It was confirmed by Hall-like effect measurements at zero applied magnetic field and also illustrated by corresponding estimations.