• Journal of Internet Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.293-300
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• 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables embedded devices to connect to the internet either through IP or the web in a physical environment. The increase in performance of wireless access services, adaptive load balancing, and interference routing metric becomes the key challenges in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN). However, in the case of IoT over WMN, a large number of users generate abundant net flows, which can result in network traffic jam. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Load Balancing and Interference Delay Aware routing metric algorithm to efficiently address the issues present in the current work. The proposed scheme efficiently utilizes the available mesh station queue information and the number of mesh stations suffering from channel interference in the available path. The simulations results show that the proposed scheme performed superior to the existing routing metrics present in the current literature for similar purposes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1208-1222
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• 2014

Due to the low utilization and scarcity of frequency spectrum in current spectrum allocation methodology, cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have been proposed as a promising method to solve the problem, of which spectrum sensing is an important technology to utilize the precious spectrum resources. In order to protect the primary user from being interfered, most of the related works focus only on the restriction of the missed detection probability, which may causes over-protection of the primary user. Thus the interference probability is defined and the interference-aware sensing model is introduced in this paper. The interference-aware sensing model takes the spatial conditions into consideration, and can further improve the network performance with good spectrum reuse opportunity. Meanwhile, as so many fading factors affect the spectrum channel, errors are inevitably exist in the reporting channel in cooperative sensing, which is improper to be ignored. Motivated by the above, in this paper, we study the throughput tradeoff for interference-aware cognitive radio networks over imperfect reporting channel. For the cooperative spectrum sensing, the K-out-of-N fusion rule is used. By jointly optimizing the sensing time and the parameter K value, the maximum throughput can be achieved. Theoretical analysis is given to prove the feasibility of the optimization and computer simulations also shows that the maximum throughput can be achieved when the sensing time and the parameter of K value are both optimized.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5800-5818
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• 2018

Interference may occur when several co-located wireless body area networks (WBANs) share the same channel simultaneously, which is compressed by resource scheduling generally. In this paper, a QoS-aware Adaptive Coloring (QAC) scheduling algorithm is proposed, which contains two components: interference sets determination and time slots assignment. The highlight of QAC is to determine the interference graph based on the relay scheme and adapted to the network QoS by multi-coloring approach. However, the frequent resource assignment brings in extra energy consumption and packet loss. Thus we come up with a launch condition for the QAC scheduling algorithm, that is if the interference duration is longer than a threshold predetermined, time slots rescheduling is activated. Furthermore, based on the relative distance and moving speed between WBANs, a prediction model for interference duration is proposed. The simulation results show that compared with the state-of-the-art approaches, the QAC scheduling algorithm has better performance in terms of network capacity, average delay and resource utility.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.508-522
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• 2011

Femtocell is an economical solution to provide high speed indoor communication instead of the conventional macro-cellular networks. Especially, OFDMA femtocell is considered in the next generation cellular network such as 3GPP LTE and mobile WiMAX system. Although the femtocell has great advantages to accommodate indoor users, interference management problem is a critical issue to operate femtocell network. Existing OFDMA resource management algorithms only consider optimizing system-centric metric, and cannot manage the co-channel interference. Moreover, it is hard to cooperate with other femtocells to control the interference, since the self-configurable characteristics of femtocell. This paper proposes a novel interference-aware resource allocation algorithm for OFDMA femtocell networks. The proposed algorithm allocates resources according to a new objective function which reflects the effect of interference, and the heuristic algorithm is also introduced to reduce the complexity of the original problem. The Monte-Carlo simulation is performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm compared to the existing solutions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.4844-4864
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• 2017

Interference-aware routing protocol design for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is one of the key strategies in reducing packet loss in the highly hostile underwater environment. The reduced interference causes efficient utilization of the limited battery power of the sensor nodes that, in consequence, prolongs the entire network lifetime. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient interference-aware routing (EEIAR) protocol for UWSNs. A sender node selects the best relay node in its neighborhood with the lowest depth and the least number of neighbors. Combination of the two routing metrics ensures that data packets are forwarded along the least interference paths to reach the final destination. The proposed work is unique in that it does not require the full dimensional localization information of sensor nodes and the network total depth is segmented to identify source, relay and neighbor nodes. Simulation results reveal better performance of the scheme than the counterparts DBR and EEDBR techniques in terms of energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Small-cells in heterogeneous networks are one of the important technologies to increase the coverage and capacity in 5G cellular networks. However, due to the randomly arranged small-cells, co-tier and cross-tier interference increase, deteriorating the system performance of the network. In order to manage the interference, some channel management methods use fractional frequency reuse(FFR) that divides the cell coverage into the inner region(IR) and outer region(OR) based on the distance from the macro base station(MBS). However, since it is impossible to properly measure the distance in the method with FFR, we propose a new interference aware FFR(IA-FFR) method to enhance the system performance. That is, the proposed IA-FFR method divides the MUEs and SBSs into the IR and OR groups based on the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR) of macro user equipments(MUEs) and received signals strength of small-cell base stations(SBSs) from the MBS, respectively, and then dynamically assigns subchannels to MUEs and small-cell user equipments. As a result, the proposed IA-FFR method outperforms other methods in terms of the system capacity and outage probability.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1229-1242
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• 2017

In this paper, an interference aware distributed multi-channel MAC (IDMMAC) protocol is proposed for wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs). The WSAN consists of a huge number of sensors and ample amount of actors. Hence, in the IDMMAC protocol a lightweight channel selection mechanism is proposed to enhance the sensor's lifetime. The IDMMAC protocol divides the beacon interval into two phases (i.e., the ad-hoc traffic indication message (ATIM) window phase and data transmission phase). When a sensor wants to transmit event information to the actor, it negotiates the maximum packet reception ratio (PRR) and the capacity channel in the ATIM window with its 1-hop sensors. The channel negotiation takes place via a control channel. To improve the packet delivery ratio of the IDMMAC protocol, each actor selects a backup cluster head (BCH) from its cluster members. The BCH is elected based on its residual energy and node degree. The BCH selection phase takes place whenever an actor wants to perform actions in the event area or it leaves the cluster to help a neighbor actor. Furthermore, an interference and throughput aware multi-channel MAC protocol is also proposed for actor-actor coordination. An actor selects a minimum interference and maximum throughput channel among the available channels to communicate with the destination actor. The performance of the proposed IDMMAC protocol is analyzed using standard network parameters, such as packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and energy dissipation, in the network. The obtained simulation results indicate that the IDMMAC protocol performs well compared to the existing MAC protocols.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.109-115
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• 2024

This paper proposes an interference recognition-based resource allocation (IaRA) scheme for very high frequency (VHF) data exchange-terrestrial (VDE-TER) to ensure the reliability of automatic identification system (AIS) message transmission in a coastal environment with dense vessels. To this end, IaRA conducts channel selection and slot allocation based on scheduling information obtained through monitoring VHF data exchange system (VDES) channels. The simulation results show that IaRA achieved an 8.79% higher packet delivery ratio (PDR) and a 9.69% lower channel interference ratio (CIR) compared to the VDE-TER resource allocation scheme of the existing VDES standard.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.2272-2293
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• 2011

Communication technology of future networks is predicted to provide a large variety of services including WiFi service in vehicular network. In this paper, we assume that vehicles are embedded with WiMAX antenna and in-vehicle terminals receive WiMAX traffic through WiFi interface. This assumption will impose severe performance degradation due to interference among mobile BSSs when WiFi access points (APs) are densely located. Existing interference avoidance techniques cannot properly resolve the above problems and do not cope with dynamically moving vehicular scenario since they focus only on the fixed network topology. In this paper, we propose a mobility-aware interference avoidance scheme for WiFi services. The proposed scheme computes the interference duration by exploiting mobility vector and location information of neighboring APs. If the interference duration is not negligible, our scheme searches for another channel in order to avoid interference. However, if the interference duration is negligible, our scheme continues to use the channel to reduce switching overhead. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed scheme against other existing techniques, we evaluated performance by using OPNET simulator. Through the simulation, we obtained about 60% reduction in the maximum interference frequency and about 67% improvement in throughput. Furthermore, our scheme provides fair channel usage.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2015

Upcoming cellular networks such as LTE-advanced and IEEE 802.16m are enhanced by relay stations to support high data rate multimedia services and minimize the shadow zone with low cost. Enhancing the relay stations, however, divides the multihop cellular network into smaller microcells and the distance between microcells is closer, which intends large intra-cell and inter-cell interference. Especially the access link on downlink in the OFDMA cellular network is the throughput bottleneck due to the severe interference caused by base stations and relay stations transmitting large data to mobile stations simultaneously. In this paper, we present interference aware channel allocation algorithm to avoid severe interference on multihop cellular networks with random topology. Proposed algorithm increases SINR(signal to interference plus noise ratio) and decreases number of required control messages for channel allocation, so that increases overall throughput on the networks.