• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.641-651
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• 2003

This study suggests the hybrid models for interest rate forecasting using structural changes (or change points). The basic concept of this proposed model is to obtain significant intervals caused by change points, to identify them as the change-point groups, and to reflect them in interest rate forecasting. The model is composed of three phases. The first phase is to detect successive structural changes in the U. S. Treasury bill rate dataset. The second phase is to forecast the change-point groups with data mining classifiers. The final phase is to forecast interest rates with backpropagation neural networks (BPN). Based on this structure, we propose three hybrid models in terms of data mining classifier: (1) multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA)-supported model, (2) case-based reasoning (CBR)-supported model, and (3) BPN-supported model. Subsequently, we compare these models with a neural network model alone and, in addition, determine which of three classifiers (MDA, CBR and BPN) can perform better. For interest rate forecasting, this study then examines the prediction ability of hybrid models to reflect the structural change.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2016

본 연구는 플립드러닝 환경에서 학습성과를 높이기 위해 고려해야 할 지침을 얻고자, 플립드러닝 성과변인으로 수업흥미, 과학흥미, 학업성취도를 선정하였고, 이를 예측하는 요인으로 내재적 동기, 자기조절을 선정하여 이들의 예측력을 규명하였다. 이를 위해 2015학년도 1학기에 서울 지역의 A 중학교 1학년 학생 44명을 대상으로 약 5주 동안 과학수업에서 플립드러닝을 진행하였으며, 수업 종료 후 학습자의 설문을 수거하여 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 플립드러닝 환경에서 내재적 동기는 수업흥미와 과학흥미를 유의하게 예측하였고, 자기조절은 학업성취도를 유의하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 플립드러닝 환경에서 학습자의 학습성과를 높이기 위해서는 내재적 동기, 자기조절을 증진시키는 교수학습전략이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.40-52
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• 2022

참여형 과학문화 확산의 일환으로 지속되어 온 생활과학교실은 효과적인 학교 밖 체험·탐구 활동으로서 과학의 대중화에 앞장서왔다. 그러나 최근의 코로나19 상황으로 생활과학교실 역시 비대면으로 전환하거나 대면-비대면 교육을 조합할 수밖에 없는 환경이 되었으며, 이러한 교육의 변화가 여전히 학생들의 과학에 대한 관심과 흥미를 제고하는데 효과적인지 검토가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 비대면 생활과학교실 프로그램에 참여한 초등학생들의 평소 관심 분야, 과학기술에 대한 인식, 과학에 대한 관심과 흥미, 과학적 역량이 어떻게 변화되는지 확인하고 학생과 학부모들의 인식 차이를 비교함으로써 비대면 생활과학교실의 교육 효과성을 제고하고 향후 운영 방안에 대해 모색하였다. 연구 결과 비대면 생활과학교실 프로그램 참여 이후 학생들은 과학기술 발전이나 미래기술, 환경오염, SNS에 대한 관심 등이 높아지고 게임에 대한 관심이 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 또한 과학기술 활동에 대한 관심, 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학적 역량도 증가하여 비대면 생활과학교실의 교육 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 바탕으로 생활과학교실의 학습 주제와 내용 수준을 다양화하고 소외된 학습자들에게 비대면 과학 학습의 기회를 확대하며, 최신 미디어를 활용한 과학콘텐츠 개발과 공유가 필요함을 제언하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

The study is aimed at investigating the main factors that affect the interest rate yields, in the long-term. In addition, the study surveys the theories and literature relating to the determinants of interest rate. The importance of which is essential not only for governments, but also for banks and corporate financial risk management decisions, including risk exposures in banks and capital markets. Interest rate influences corporate profit as well as growth. For this purpose, the study examines the impact of budget deficit, risk-free rate, capital inflows, money supply and business cycles on real interest rate in Jordan. These factors are based upon well-established theories and straightforward practical view as interest rate determinants. Using data for (1990-2015), the study employed Johansen's co-integrating test, which takes into consideration the long-term unsynchronized relationships. The data is tested for normality, symmetric correlations, covariance diagonal and unit root. The results show that the government budget deficit, short-term risk-free interest rate, capital inflows, money supply and business cycle are long-term determinants of the real interest rate in Jordan. The coefficients of government budget deficit, short-term risk-free rate, money supply and business cycle all are inversely affecting the real interest rate, while capital inflows has a positive impact on the real interest rate.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to find out the effect of reading aloud science books on change of attitude toward the science, interest of instruction. Participants included 52 elementary school students. For this study, two classes were divided into experimental class and control class. The control class takes a regular instructions and the experimental class takes a reading aloud instructions. Two chapter were selected, 'Volcano and Rocks' and 'Family of the Sun', for this study. Students were treated for 12 hours. All the results were analyzed quantitatively and following conclusions were made. The students' scientific attitude in the experimental class were higher than those of students in the control class. However, according to statistical analysis, this result is meaningless. In the sub-parts, critical ability, cooperation and creativity were improved meaningfully. Instruction with reading aloud science books didn't show a meaningful difference in interest of instruction. However, in the sub-part, they showed meaningful improvement in attention and relevance.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2017

Purpose - To control exorbitant interest rates, implementation of an interest rate ceiling is a standard practice in microfinance. However, there are pros and cons of such market intervention. Hence, the aim of this short note is to highlight issues and challenges regarding the interest rate cap in microfinance, both from the perspective of clients and institutions. Research design, data, and methodology - While the nature of this short note is explanatory and descriptive, the research methodology used relevant data from the MixMarket and Microcredit Regulatory Authority (MRA) annual reports in Bangladesh. Results - We argue that an interest rate ceiling is detrimental both for the clients and microfinance institutions (MFIs). This market intervention substantially reduces the outreach of MFIs and clients are most likely to pay a higher price in the long-run. Additionally, an interest rate cap also puts severe pressure on new-born and high-cost MFIs to cope with the interest rate ceiling. Conclusions - Although market intervention may be necessary in the short-run, it should not be the ultimate solution to abate high interest in microfinance. Understanding the operational dynamics of MFIs, as well as promoting productivity, efficiency and competition could help to lower the interest rates.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.252-263
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• 2015

This study analyzed the effects of science outdoor activity applying a Brain-Based Evolutionary (ABC-DEF) approach on elementary school students' interest and academic achievement. Samples of the study were composed of 3 classes of 67 sixth graders in Seoul, Korea. Unit of 'Ecosystem and Environment' was selected as a object of the research. Textbook- and teachers' guidebook-based instruction was implemented in comparison group, brain-based evolutionary approach within classroom in experimental group A, and science outdoor learning by a brain-based evolutionary approach in experimental group B. In order to analyze the quantitative differences of students' interests and achievements, three tests of 'General Science Attitudes', 'Applied Unit-Related Interests', and 'Applied Unit-Related Achievement' were administered to the students. To find out the characteristics which would not be apparently revealed by quantitative tests, qualitative data such as portfolios, daily records of classroom work, and interview were also analyzed. The major results of the study are as follows. First, for post-test of interest, a statistically significant difference between comparison group and experimental group B was found. Especially, the 'interests about biology learning' factor, when analyzed by each item, was significant in two questions. Results of interviews the students showed that whether the presence or absence of outdoor learning experience influenced most on their interests about the topic. Second, for post-test of achievement, the difference among 3 groups according to high, middle, and low levels of post-interest was not statistically significant, but the groups of higher scores in post-interest tends to have higher scores in post-achievement. It can be inferred that outdoor learning by a brain-based evolutionary approach increases students' situational interests about leaning topic. On the basis of the results, the implications for the research in science education and the teaching and learning in school are discussed.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.791-797
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 2015 개정 과학과 교육과정에 의한 통합과학과 과학탐구실험이 학생들의 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학적 태도, STS와 NOS에 대한 견해에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 수도권 소재의 고등학교에 재학 중인 1학년 학생 223명이 연구에 참여하였으며, 통합과학과 과학탐구실험의 이수 전후에 각각 검사를 실시하고 두 검사의 결과를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 과학에 대한 흥미 점수와 과학적 태도 점수는 이수 전후에 유의미하게 향상되었다. STS에 대한 견해의 점수를 분석한 결과, 연구 윤리에 관한 항목의 견해는 이수 후에 유의미하게 향상되었으나 나머지 항목에서는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. NOS에 대한 견해의 점수는 모든 영역에서 이수 전후에 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 이에 대한 교육적 함의를 논의하였고, 후속 연구를 제안하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.267-281
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 현대사회에서 급증하고 있는 반려동물과 관련하여 반려동물의 사육경험이 초등학생의 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학호기심 및 과학자아개념에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 초등학교 6학년 학생 474명을 대상으로 반려동물 사육경험에 따른 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학호기심, 과학자아개념 수준을 ANOVA 및 독립표본 t검정을 통해 비교·분석하였다. 분석 결과, 반려동물 사육경험이 있는 학생의 과학에 대한 흥미, 과학호기심, 과학자아개념이 사육경험이 없는 학생보다 통계적으로 더 높게 나타났다. 학생들은 흥미와 호기심을 느끼며 반려동물 사육활동에 참여하며, 반려동물을 사육하기 위해 필요한 지식을 습득하는 과정 및 성공적인 사육경험으로 인하여 자아개념도 높아진 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과는 그동안 과학교육 분야에서 많이 연구되지 않았던 반려동물을 소재로 하여 반려동물 사육경험이 과학교육에 주는 시사점에 대해 논의하였다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.37-39
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to present a neural network model based on change-point detection for the prediction of the U.S. Treasury Securities. Interest rates have been studied by a number of researchers since they strongly affect other economic and financial parameters. Contrary to other chaotic financial data, the movement of interest rates has a series of change points due to the monetary policy of the U.S. government. The basic concept of this proposed model is to obtain intervals divided by change points, to identify them as change-point groups, and to use them in interest rates forecasting. The proposed model consists of three stages. The first stage is to detect successive change points in the interest rates dataset. The second stage is to forecast the change-point group with the backpropagation neural network (BPN). The final stage is to forecast the output with BPN. This study then examines the predictability of the integrated neural network model for interest rates forecasting using change-point detection.