• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.524-535
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• 2013

Catastrophe risk models require the damage functions of each vulnerable item in inventory to estimate volcanic ash losses. The damage functions are used to represent the relation between damage factors and damage and also widely used in engineering and natural hazard studies to calculate the vulnerability. In most cases, damage functions are constructed as fragility or vulnerability curves, and researchers are confused by the similarities between them particularly when they perform interdisciplinary research. Thus, we aim to explain the similarities and differences between fragility and vulnerability curves and their relationship by providing case studies to construct them. In addition, we suggest a simple method to construct the damage functions between damage ratio and volcanic ash thickness using limited damage data. This study comes from the fact that damage functions are generally constructed using damage data. However, there is no available volcanic ash damage data in Korea, and not even enough volcanic disaster data to construct damage functions in the world, compared to other hazards. Using the method suggested in the study and the limited damage data from Japan and New Zealand, we construct Weibull-type functions or linear functions dependent of available data to calculate volcanic ash loss estimation, which we think need to be corrected to make it more suitable for inventory characteristics and environmental conditions in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

This paper aims to make an aesthetic inquiry into representing modes of wilderness in western films. The western film was the first genre in earnest about natural landscape, covering vast areas of America from the East to the West. It adopted representative modes suited to physical characteristics of landscapes which produced aesthetic characteristics. In western films, wilderness was represented at a distance from the camera lens as a setting and an object of contemplation. In eastern forest landscapes, western films adopted the visual model of Hudson River School's landscape painting which expressed the transcendental sublime. The western semiarid region reproduced the warrior's gaze shot from a high angle, and, in this visual mode, wilderness was expressed as a demonic landscape derived from Burke's definition of the sublime. On one hand, the western desert was represented as a place of hardship shot at a low angle which expressed the vastness, unevenness and limitlessness of the desert owing to the absence of horizon. On the other hand, the mesas of Monument Valley have sublime characteristics of size and time. In western films, they play the role of an emblem by rising from the limitless desert on the horizon. The prospect-refuge relationship, the desire to see without being seen, is discovered in the representative mode of wilderness in western films. In this context, this study hopes to discover the archetype of landscape representation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.527-535
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• 2016

In the information systems literature from Korea, there has not been much research on formative constructs. It is crucial to establish a proper relationship between constructs and indicators. In other words, it is fundamental to specify reflective or formative constructs in evaluating performance as closely as possible to reality, and in testing the appropriateness of a proper causal model. One purpose of this study is that, through a comprehensive literature review, reflective and formative indicators are accurately understood, and a proper specification and development methodology is applied to the information system evaluation field. In addition, this study provides a useful guideline for developing formative indicators for performance evaluation of informatization programs. The following activities were undertaken to achieve the aforementioned purposes. First, the basic theories and preceding study models on successful factors of informatization programs and performance evaluations were reviewed, and a comprehensive interdisciplinary literature review was conducted to better understand the formative constructs. Lastly, we provide a construct for performance evaluation of informatization programs and evaluation indicators, as well as guidelines for specifying them. Therefore, by systematically specifying proper constructs, future domestic researchers can develop better constructs for performance evaluation of informatization programs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.509-517
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• 2020

This study examined Sino-globalization through the network analysis of Chinese immigrants, international students, and travelers. The data were collected from the United Nations for immigrants, UNESCO for international students, and Ministry of Culture and Tourism of China for travelers. Consequently, Chinese immigrants and international students' favorite destinations were advanced Western countries, and Chinese travelers showed a high preference for Asian regions. Specifically, Thailand was the most popular destination for traveling, while the U.S. appeared to be the main destination for Chinese immigrants and students. The QAP analysis results showed a statistically significant correlation between the immigrant network and international student network. MR-QAP analysis found a causal relationship between the two networks. These findings may serve as empirical evidence for the Chinese government to review potential opportunities and problems related to Sino-globalization and provide the basis for preparing policy measures for other countries. Subsequent studies should compensate for research limitations by analyzing specific factors affecting national choice of Chinese immigrants, students, and travelers. The economic, social, and cultural impacts of China's globalization on other countries need to be discussed using qualitative research.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.267-297
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• 2017

This paper attempts a close-reading of Michel Ocelot's short animation film, (1979), and proposes it as an available text in art appreciation class for young students. stimulates the students' attention and intellectual curiosity thanks to the exotic and fantastic atmosphere, beautiful mise en scene, and intriguing plot. Ocelot's technique of decoupage used in this film rejuvenates both the traditional folk art and Lotte Reiniger's early experiments in the history of animation film. Ocelot subverts the ideal of modern male adult subject as unique possessor of scientific knowledge and technology, by adopting a female figure and a young child, who is also female, as main characters. The imaginative and subversive power of animation contributes to creating posthuman beings beyond the homocentric figure of Vitruvian Man. The posthuman condition supposes that human beings have the equal relationship of continuum with not only other humans but also non-human beings like all living things and inanimate matters. In order to teach and learn the posthuman condition, it is necessary to conceive an interdisciplinary and integrated curriculum including art, science, philosophy, history, and social sciences. Animation film serves excellently as educational text for the integrated curriculum of the posthuman.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

There is growing concern about landscape agreement with regard to a variety of activities within resident-based agreements in Korea. This study aims to investigate the communication method of the agreement contacting process and its essential role as a bottom-up resident-based process. The study site is Gobuk Market in Suwon city, where a resident-based landscape agreement was successfully made. In this study, the author implemented in-depth interviews and a literature review to understand the meaning of the agreement contracting process and participants' opinions regarding the Gobuk Market case. During the landscape contracting process, the level of participation of residents, experts and the government changed. The study found that diverse communication methods, such as training, agreement information sessions and seminars were conducted during the process of the resident-based landscape agreement and it is crucial to construct healthy relationship among stakeholders. Furthermore, the experts' role is crucial in establishing agreement among residents initially. However, as local empowerment and the willingness of local people grow, each stakeholder's role is changed by stage. Therefore the Central and Local Government have the necessary task of providing institutional strategy. This study has offered practical information on how each stakeholder played their individual role within the landscape agreement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

This study is the first model to apply the concept of media engagement to a political campaign by which the voters' mind toward the supporting political candidates, are read. Thus it provides the theoretical and practical implications to the political campaign, and eventually contributes to the development of democracy. For these objectives, the total of 729 people who have the right to vote were telephone surveyed using the peoplemeter, CATI program in the 18th Presidential Election (12 areas including Seoul) of Dec. 19th 2012, and Re and By-election of April 24th 2013. Research question is to examine how the 5 attributes of the media engagement (interest, immersion, relevance, satisfaction and participation), play a role as the moderating variables in cross-correlation, socio-economic status and media properties. The result shows that of the five properties of media engagement, the relevant factor is the important parameter of mediating variable to the causal relationship. The media usage (TV, SNS, print media), socio-economic status (gender, age, income, marriage and area), involvement and the Presidential Election, and Re and By-election are also effective in the five attributes of media engagement. These results suggest that the a study model can measure the campaign effectiveness. This study will contribute significantly to the development of politics, election, media, advertising, and public relations area as well as to promote interdisciplinary research.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.549-558
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• 2014

Integrated concepts that are broad enough to embrace facts, principles, laws, and concepts of multiple disciplines could become the core of integrated education. Integrated concept-centered education enables effective and practical learning. In this study, the Delphi Method was implemented targeting experts in science (physics, life science, chemistry, and earth science) and humanities (history, geology, economics, ethics, and politics) to find out the integrated concept that can be used to design the concept-centered integrated education in the Republic of Korea. 124 experts participated in this survey. Delphi survey was conducted for three rounds. In the first round, an open questionnaire was given to experts to collect feasible integrated concepts in each major field. Then, in the second round experts were asked to select integrated concepts that could be used practically in the field of their major. In the third round, the integrated concept with selection frequency over medium value were given. They were asked to evaluate the applicability of integrated concepts by using the Likert-scale questionnaire. Through this process, content validity was analyzed. As a result, five integrated concepts (change, interaction, space-time, energy, and equilibrium) were selected for the inter-science integration. And thirteen integrated concepts (conflict, community, relationship, structure, power, diversity, culture, change, society, interaction, freedom, justice, and equality) were chosen for the inter-humanities integration. Finally, for the science-humanities integration, seven integrated concepts (structure, diversity, change, interaction, cycle, system, and environment) were determined.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 2003

A human endogenous retroviral family (HERV-W) has recently been described that is related to multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus (MSRV) sequences that have been identified in particles recovered from monocyte cultures from patients with multiple sclerosis. Two pol fragments (HWP-FB10 and HWP-FBl2) of HERV-W family were identified and analysed by the PCR approach with cDNA library of human fetal brain. They showed 89 percent nucleotide sequence similarity with that of the HERV-W (accession no. AF009668). Deletion/insertion or point mutation in the coding region of the pol fragments from human fetal brain resulted in amino acid frameshift that induced a mutated protein. Phylogenetic analysis of the HERV-W family from GenBank database indicates that the HWP-FB10 is very closely related to the AC000064 derived from human chromosome 7q21-q22. Further studies on the genetic relationship with neighbouring genes and functional role of these new HERV-W pol sequences are indicated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.89-97
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• 2016

This study looked at the sacrifice space building in the Changbai Mountain area to a specific era in terms of the cultural landscape. The scared of Changbai Mountain how changes in history came despite the regime and national change, interpretation of the reason was the scared maintained. The results of this study are as follows. First, Replacement of the regime in the Republic of China in the Qing period, ethnic diversity, underwent a cultural acceptance. So Changbai Mountain nature of sacrifice, the divine subject has formed the changes. Second, the Qing Royal sacrifice space Wangji Temple(望祭殿) have formed a unique cultural space and the sacrifice of authoritative content with only space. The Republic of China period, a new folk beliefs were born between the defense in the face of the Han Chinese migration and settlement process. Build Sacrifice space of Rulai Temple(如來寺) and Shanshenlaobatou Temple(山神老把頭廟). Third, the spatial relationship between the priest and the Changbai Mountain area Wangji Temple(望祭殿) is the power of space as vertical space. Rulai Temple(如來寺), Shanshenlaobatou Temple(山神老把頭廟) is located in the Changbai Mountain and horizontal space was obedient to the space. Fourth, the sacrifice ritual Wangji Temple(望祭殿) of the Qing Dynasty is the only ritual sacrifice of satisfaction. It is cut off depending on the abolition of imperial power. Currently, public ritual sacrifice is commonplace rituals and sacrifices of the Qing Dynasty is only formally underway. In conclusion, as it has been maintained for the sanctity historically Changbai Mountain. Changbai Mountain sacrifice space was changing through the acceptance of the replacement of the regime and culture of ethnic offerings from a single culture of the Qing Dynasty. Currently, to form a sacrifice space and culture overlap through a mutually acceptable.