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Cultural Landscape Analysis of Changbai Mountain as Sacrifice Space

제사공간으로서 장백산의 문화경관적 해석

  • Xu, Zhong-Hua (Interdisciplinary Program of Landscape Architecture, Graduates School, Seoul National University) ;
  • Sung, Jong-Sang (Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University)
  • 허종화 (서울대학교 환경대학원 협동과정 조경학) ;
  • 성종상 (서울대학교 환경대학원)
  • Received : 2016.04.26
  • Accepted : 2016.12.26
  • Published : 2016.12.19

Abstract

This study looked at the sacrifice space building in the Changbai Mountain area to a specific era in terms of the cultural landscape. The scared of Changbai Mountain how changes in history came despite the regime and national change, interpretation of the reason was the scared maintained. The results of this study are as follows. First, Replacement of the regime in the Republic of China in the Qing period, ethnic diversity, underwent a cultural acceptance. So Changbai Mountain nature of sacrifice, the divine subject has formed the changes. Second, the Qing Royal sacrifice space Wangji Temple(望祭殿) have formed a unique cultural space and the sacrifice of authoritative content with only space. The Republic of China period, a new folk beliefs were born between the defense in the face of the Han Chinese migration and settlement process. Build Sacrifice space of Rulai Temple(如來寺) and Shanshenlaobatou Temple(山神老把頭廟). Third, the spatial relationship between the priest and the Changbai Mountain area Wangji Temple(望祭殿) is the power of space as vertical space. Rulai Temple(如來寺), Shanshenlaobatou Temple(山神老把頭廟) is located in the Changbai Mountain and horizontal space was obedient to the space. Fourth, the sacrifice ritual Wangji Temple(望祭殿) of the Qing Dynasty is the only ritual sacrifice of satisfaction. It is cut off depending on the abolition of imperial power. Currently, public ritual sacrifice is commonplace rituals and sacrifices of the Qing Dynasty is only formally underway. In conclusion, as it has been maintained for the sanctity historically Changbai Mountain. Changbai Mountain sacrifice space was changing through the acceptance of the replacement of the regime and culture of ethnic offerings from a single culture of the Qing Dynasty. Currently, to form a sacrifice space and culture overlap through a mutually acceptable.

본 연구는 특정한 시대에 장백산 지역에 조성된 제사공간을 문화경관의 관점으로 바라보면서 장백산의 신성성이 역사 속에서의 변화과정과 정권의 교체와 민족의 변화 속에서도 신성성이 유지된 이유에 대하여 해석했다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청나라에서 중화민국시기로 과도하면서 겪은 정권의 교체와 민족의 다양성, 그리고 문화의 수용성으로 인하여 장백산의 제사성격과 신적대상이 변화했다. 둘째, 청나라의 황가 제사공간인 망제전(望祭殿)은 권위적인 공간으로 만족만의 유일한 제사공간과 문화를 형성했고 중화민국 시기에는 한족의 이주와 정착과정을 겪으면서 방산인 사이에서 새로운 민간신앙이 탄생했으며 따라서 제사공간인 여래사(如來寺), 산신노파두묘(山神老把頭廟)가 조성되었다. 셋째, 제사공간과 장백산을 공간적으로 보면 망제전은 수직적인 공간으로 권력적인 공간이고 여래사와 팔괘묘는 장백산과 수평적인 공간에 입지되어 순종적인 공간으로 나타났다. 넷째, 제사의례를 보면 청나라의 망제전은 만족만의 유일한 제사의례 이지만 황권의 폐지에 따라 단절되었다. 현재는 민간제사의례가 일상화 되어있고 청나라의 제사의례는 형식적으로만 진행된다. 결론적으로 보면 역사적으로 장백산에 대한 신성성은 변하지 않았다. 하지만 장백산 제사공간은 청나라의 단일한 제사문화에서 정권의 교체와 다민족의 문화에 대한 수용을 거쳐 변화하였다. 현재는 상호수용을 통하여 중첩된 제사공간과 문화를 형성하였다.

Keywords

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