• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.240-250
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• 2020

This study explores the process of transitional career choice for North Korean defectors who are successfully living their lives after transition to a different system labor market. To achieve this study purpose, what is the process of transitional career choice for North Korean defectors due to the system transition? At present, he (Ed- who is he?) has a subjective sense of success in his professional life and conducted in depth interviews with three men and eight women as objects that can explain the process of experience in rich and detailed ways. To this end, the author interviewed three men and eight women who are satisfied with their current job and analyzed them with the grounded theory method proposed by Strauss & Corbin (1998). As a result, the paradigm model was derived from the central phenomenon of 'conversion of perspective', and the core category was 'conversion of perspective and challenge new career'. The transitional career choice process was derived into four stages according to the flow of time and interaction as 'reality recognition stage', 'active change recognition stage', 'support and coping strategy stage', and 'growth stage' and positive reflections from transitional learning and potential factors of planned chance skills were found.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.271-298
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• 2011

The lexical semantic system should be built to grasp lexical semantic information more clearly. In this paper, we studied a semantic clustering of predicates that is one of the steps in building the lexical semantic system. Unlike previous studies that used argument of subcategorization(subject and object), selectional restrictions and interaction information of adverb, we used sense tagged definition in dictionary for the semantic clustering of predicate, and also attempted hierarchical clustering of predicate using the relationship between the generic concept and the specific concept. Most of the predicates in the dictionary were used for clustering. Total of 106,501 predicates(85,754 verbs, 20,747 adjectives) were used for the test. We got results of clustering which is 2,748 clusters of predicate and 130 recursive definition clusters and 261 sub-clusters. The maximum depth of cluster was 16 depth. We compared results of clustering with the Sejong semantic classes for evaluation. The results showed 70.14% of the cohesion.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.745-758
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• 2001

The purpose of study to phenomenological examine and the mechanism regarding the gene(DNA, RNA, Protein) and sports to studied, analyzed. and evaluated. This review considers the evidence for genetic effects in several determinants of endurance performance and resistance performance, namely: body measurements and physique, body fat pulmonary functions, cardiac and circulatory functions, muscle characteristics. substrate utilization, maximal aerobic power and other. Moreover, the response to aerobic training of indicators aerobic work metabolism and endurance performance is reviewed, with emphasis on the specificity of the response and the individual differences observed in training ability. This study indicate that improvement of 'Enhancer Action' in RNA genes changed by exercise or sports. Moreover exercise was effect on Central Dogma with DNA makes RNA makes Protein. and think that occurred with exercise influence on skeletal muscle into cell have to Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) changed was after exercise performance, which accompanied into skeletal muscle that were exercise-induces gene-modulation that is, take gene mutations. This study known that existed hormone(epinephrine)-immune system with interaction. Exercise were altered insulin binding and MAP Kinase signaling increased into immune cells. This review suggested that the high rate of glutamine utilization by cells of the immune system serves to maintain a high intra cellular concentration of the intermediates of biosynthetic pathways such that optimal rates of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis can be maintained. In the absence of glutamine, lymphocytes do not proliferate in vitro: proliferation increase greatly as the glutamine concentration increase. Glutamine is synthesized in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle and plasma glutamine levels are lowered by sepsis, injury, bums, surgery and endurance exercise and in the overtrained athlete. The study of result show that production of ET-1 is markedly increased tissue specifically in the heart by exercise without appreciable changes in endothelin-converting enzyme and endothelial receptor expressions, suggest that myocardial ET-1 may participate in modulation of cardiac function during exercise. Conclusionally, this study indicate that improvement of 'Enhancer Action' in RNA genes changed by exercise or sports. Moreover exercise was effect on Central Dogma with DNA makes RNA makes Protein. This study is expected to contribute the area of sports science, medicine, hereafter more effort is required to establish the relation between gene alters and exercise amount.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4068-4076
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• 2013

The wheel-rail interaction forces are influenced by the velocity of vehicle, wheel load, alignment (curve radius, cant etc). For the safety of track structure, it is required to evaluate the influences for track and influential factors. Recently, the HEMU 430-X, which was developed by Next Generation High-Speed Rail Development R&D Project, achieved 421.4km/h in a test run of Daegu.Busan section of the Gyeongbu high speed rail on March in 2013. In the case of additional speed-up test on Test-Bed Section(Gongju.Jeongeup: KP 100~128km Osong starting point), the analysis of track forces is required for outer rail by the increase of dynamic force and centrifugal force of vehicle. In this paper, the vehicle speed variation on HSL line is evaluated by TPS analysis considering the tractive effort of HEMU 430-X, tested running resistance and alignment of Honam HSR. And the track forces are evaluated by centrifugal force and impact factor on curved track.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1348-1364
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• 2011

As the existing edutainment contents for children are mostly comprised of educational tools which unilaterally induce educatees to passively respond to them, the content-creating methodologies in terms of which active and voluntary learning is made possible is urgently needed. In this paper, we present the implementation of the tangible 'electronic dice' interface as an interactive tool for behavior-based edutainment contents, and propose a methodology for developing edutainment contents for children by utilizing the recognition technique of hand movement based on depth-image information. Also proposed in the paper are an authoring and management tool of learning quizzes that allows educators to set up and manage their learning courseware, and a log analysis system of learning achievement for real-time monitoring of educational progress. The behavior-based tangible interface and edutainment contents that we propose provide the easy-to-operate interaction with a real object, which augments educatees' interest in learning, thus leading to their active and voluntary attitude toward learning. Furthermore, The authoring and management tool and log analysis system allow us to construct learning programs by children's achievement level and to monitor in real-time the learning development of children educatees by understanding the situation and behavior of their learning development from the analytic results obtained by observing the processes of educatees' solving problems for themselves, and utilizing them for evaluation materials for lesson plans.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2020

Busan Metropolitan City, a research site of this study, was promoted to a metropolitan city in 1995 with the implementation of the local autonomy system, and the overall change was made as it absorbed the surrounding areas to address the shortage of population and space. Twenty-five years after the introduction of the local autonomy system, it is necessary to diagnose whether balanced development of the entire city is being made in accordance with the reorganization of the metropolitan city in terms of spatial structure. In this study, changes in spatial structure and regional characteristics were analyzed by applying population potential, which means potential for future spatial interaction, in time and space. According to the analysis, the development was taking place around the center area and the sub-center established by the urban master plan, but Gangseo-gu and Gijang-gun, which were incorporated in the past, remained stagnant. In addition, it was shown that the spatial expansion of the city was suppressed by the green belt surrounding the city. However, in other regions where the green belt is located, the city has been expanded, which is different from Gijang-gun or Gangseo-gu, which was incorporated into the metropolitan city. Therefore, the cause of the decline in incorporated areas should not be limited to the institutional dimension of land use regulation. Growth management and balanced development plans will be necessary for the development of declining old downtowns and underdeveloped incorporated areas.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.63-74
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• 1999

A sliding mode fuzzy control (SMFC) algorithm is presented for vibration of large structures. Rule-base of the fuzzy inference engine is constructed based on the sliding mode control, which is one of the nonlinear control algorithms. Fuzziness of the controller makes the control system robust against the uncertainties in the system parameters and the input excitation. Non-linearity of the control rule makes the controller more effective than linear controllers. Design procedure based on the present fuzzy control is more convenient than those of the conventional algorithms based on complex mathematical analysis, such as linear quadratic regulator and sliding mode control(SMC). Robustness of presented controller is illustrated by examining the loop transfer function. For verification of the present algorithm, a numerical study is carried out on the benchmark problem initiated by the ASCE Committee on Structural Control. To achieve a high level of realism, various aspects are considered such as actuator-structure interaction, modeling error, sensor noise, actuator time delay, precision of the A/D and D/A converters, magnitude of control force, and order of control model. Performance of the SMFC is examined in comparison with those of other control algorithms such as $H_{mixed 2/{\infty}}$ optimal polynomial control, neural networks control, and SMC, which were reported by other researchers. The results indicate that the present SMFC is an efficient and attractive control method, since the vibration responses of the structure can be reduced very effectively and the design procedure is simple and convenient.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.473-481
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• 2016

We examined the effects of ocean acidification (OA) and eutrophication on the physiology of a red alga, Gracilariopsis chorda, using specimens collected at Wando Island, Korea, in July of 2015. The samples were transported to a laboratory and placed on growth media for treatments involving low or high levels of ammonium ($4{\mu}M$ or $60{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$) and low or high pH(7.5 or 8.2). The control treatment used filtered seawater (pH 8.2 and $4{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$). All experiments were conducted at $20^{\circ}C$ and under a lighting intensity of $80{\mu}mol\;photons\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$, with or without an injection of $CO_2$ (pH 7.5). In addition, we calculated rates of respiration under darkness, at a pH of 7.5 and $60{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$. Fluctuations in pH as well as the evolution of photosynthetic oxygen and $NH_4{^+}$ uptake rates were monitored for 6 h. The greatest increase in pH levels, from 7.50 to 8.65, occurred in response to $60{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$, whereas the largest decrease, from 7.50 to 7.42, was associated with elevated respiration rates. At a pH of 7.5, rates of oxygen evolution were higher (236% saturation) for samples treated with $60{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$ than for the control (121% saturation). Ammonium uptake was highest at pH 7.5 and $60{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$, with a rate of $0.526{\pm}0.002{\mu}mol\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$, followed in order by the treatments of $pH\;8.2/60{\mu}\;NH_4{^+}$, $pH\;7.5/4{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$, and the control ($pH\;8.2/4{\mu}M\;NH_4{^+}$). We speculated that the rates of photosynthesis and $NH_4{^+}$ uptake could be enhanced at a higher ammonium concentration and lower pH because $CO_2$ concentrations were increased through greater photosynthetic activity. Therefore, these findings suggest that the physiology of G. chorda populations can be improved by the interaction of optimized $CO_2$ concentrations and an adequate supply of essential nutrients such as ammonium.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.75-97
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• 2007

The purpose of this article is to explore French 'minima sociaux', focusing its scheme, benefit determination rule and its level appreciation. First, on the its structure domain, French 'minima sociaux' presents the plural system in which there is eight categorical benefits and one general benefit. Il is the representation of the intention to guarantee minimum income for the dead zone people out of the social insurance application and also a historical product in different period, by different logic of benefits implementation. Second, comparing nine benefits based on the benefit determination rule, level of benefits for the poor without work ability is higher than one for the poor with work ability. Il represents one polarized perception toward for the poor according to have or not its work ability. Third, comparing level of 'minima sociaux' with relative poverty line, the level of the most 'minima sociaux' is placed under the poverty line. Nevertheless, it must not forget that 'minima sociaux' plays its role as the fundamental alternative for poverty alleviation, but not the only alternative. Fourth and finally, comparing with minimum income guarantee(SMIC in french), level of RMI benefit is estimated merely on the 50% of SMIC. We can consider that it is the result of the interaction of the complex factors, as the limited role of the state toward the minimum income guarantee for the RMI beneficiary and the intervention the logic of status instead of the logic of need, etc..

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.117-127
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• 1979

This study attempts to shed additional light on the national diffusion process and interaction of welfare services for children and mothers. The central hypothesis examined is the following : In general, the implant of social welfare system is first considered on the characteristics of their own socio-economics , and diffusion prodess of welfare services tends to occur faster in countries with open sicieties than in countries where entry barriers are high and society ranking rigid. The scope of the study is limited in several ways. Attention is concentrated on the agency of woman in the belief that an in-depth case study of one field can yield more insight than a less detailed investigation embracing a number of social welfare systems. The angency of woman is selected for several reasons. a) It is important the agency of woman alone produce more effective than services affecting both the child welfare and women's libertion bradually. Moreover, these services will form the heart of mother's welfare. b) The services of women's agency is gradually wide spread, since a role of government is still negligible before a full realization of economic income. c) The services of women agency is a prime example of a social welfare. d) statistical data and other information are more readily available. One of major findings of our study is the existence of the barriers inhibiting child welfare form " motherhood cult". Despite all the distinct advantages for mother and child , social attitudes appear to be some resistant on child welfare system among men and women even the agenices of women. What is surprised is the extent of the awareness that strategies of women's agency to liberate woman and to increate activities of women involve the strategies to liberate child. The conviction that solving application problems for child welfare in line with the activities of agency by women offer greater freedom and more advantage to mother are not apparent on the data collected from 18 of multi-functional agencies in our country. there are little sign that such agencies cooperate toward attainment of common goals. The intensive early focus of the movement on consciousness raising is a necessary beginning and such efforts by women's organizations would help both in the continuous evolution of women and child. Some of the agencies offer a variety of services to women and children, others are specialized in that they offer fewer services or even only one. Social welfare agenices giving service to children and their families are identified by various names usually women service and child welfare from govern , mental agency and voluntary public agency to foreign aided. What is totally missing , however, is an integrated synthesis of child welfare program Through women's agency. Social changes to occur, but delineation of appropriate and comprehensive social policy is also necessary at this point at this point since efforts, social changes and polices must be well coordianted and focused, as well as mutually supprotive and reinforcing.