• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.185-209
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• 2023

With the advent of the 4th industrial revolution, various technologies have received much attention. Technologies related to the 4th industry include the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence, virtual reality (VR), 3D printers, and robotics, and these technologies are often converged. In particular, the robotics field is combined with technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, VR, and digital twins. Accordingly, much research using robotics is being conducted, which is applied to distribution, airports, hotels, restaurants, and transportation fields. In the given situation, research on human-robot interaction is attracting attention, but it has not yet reached the level of user satisfaction. However, research on robots capable of perfect communication is steadily being conducted, and it is expected that it will be able to replace human emotional labor. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss whether the current human-robot interaction technology can be applied to business. To this end, this study first examines the trend of human-robot interaction technology. Second, we compare LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic modeling and BERTopic topic modeling methods. As a result, we found that the concept of human-robot interaction and basic interaction was discussed in the studies from 1992 to 2002. From 2003 to 2012, many studies on social expression were conducted, and studies related to judgment such as face detection and recognition were conducted. In the studies from 2013 to 2022, service topics such as elderly nursing, education, and autism treatment appeared, and research on social expression continued. However, it seems that it has not yet reached the level that can be applied to business. As a result of comparing LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic modeling and the BERTopic topic modeling method, it was confirmed that BERTopic is a superior method to LDA.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.29-38
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• 2000

Human has been living in the relation with diverse artifacts ranging from simple tools to complex systems. The relation is an interaction between user and product with input and output process to achieve a certain goals. Natural inter-connection is very important to this interaction. The visualized operation and the dear feedback of product play a critical role in making input and output distinct at both sides. So product innovation means removing mental and physical loads between product and user based on understanding and analyzing interaction. This study proposes the interaction grid as a framework to visualize the interaction. The interaction grid is the format to describe the input and output process between user and product. Modeling and analysis of interaction is based on the interaction grid. Finally, this study discusses the idea exploration method for product innovation with interaction grid, and develops prototype of interaction analysis system for supporting idea exploration.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2006

Multimodal interfaces are recognition-based technologies that interpret and encode hand gestures, eye-gaze, movement pattern, speech, physical location and other natural human behaviors. Modality is the type of communication channel used for interaction. It also covers the way an idea is expressed or perceived, or the manner in which an action is performed. Multimodal Interfaces are the technologies that constitute multimodal interaction processes which occur consciously or unconsciously while communicating between human and computer. So input/output forms of multimodal interfaces assume different aspects from existing ones. Moreover, different people show different cognitive styles and individual preferences play a role in the selection of one input mode over another. Therefore to develop an effective design of multimodal user interfaces, input/output structure need to be formulated through the research of human cognition. This paper analyzes the characteristics of each human modality and suggests combination types of modalities, dual-coding for formulating multimodal interaction. Then it designs multimodal language and input synchronization method according to the granularity of input synchronization. To effectively guide the development of next-generation multimodal interfaces, substantially cognitive modeling will be needed to understand the temporal and semantic relations between different modalities, their joint functionality, and their overall potential for supporting computation in different forms. This paper is expected that it can show multimodal interface designers how to organize and integrate human input modalities while interacting with multimodal interfaces.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.2679-2683
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• 2014

Mechanisms underlying the impacts of interactions between carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and ionic liquids (ILs) on the physicochemical behavior of CNPs need to be more full worked out. This manuscript describes a theoretical investigation at multiple levels on the interactions of fullerene $C_{60}$ with 21 imidazolium-based ILs of varying alkyl side chain lengths and anionic types and their impacts on $C_{60}$ dispersion behavior. Results show that ${\pi}$-cation interaction contributed to mechanism of the $C_{60}$-IL interaction more than ${\pi}$-anion interaction. The calculated interaction energy ($E_{INT}$) indicates that $C_{60}$ can form stable complex with each IL molecule. Moreover, the direction of charge transfer occurred from IL to $C_{60}$ during the $C_{60}$-IL interaction. Quantitative models were developed to evaluate the self-diffusion coefficient of $C_{60}$ ($D_{fullerene}$) in bulk ILs. Three interpretative molecular descriptors (heat of formation, $E_{INT}$, and charge) that describe the $C_{60}$-IL interactions and the alkyl side chain length were found to be determinants affecting $D_{fullerene}$.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.183-200
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• 2016

This study examined the mediating effect of emotional labor in the relations between teachers' emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction of novice early childhood teachers. The sample consisted of 248 novice early childhood teachers in Gyeonggi Province. The structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS to test the fit of a hypothesized structural model. The mediating effect of emotional labor was verified by the bootstrapping approach. The results were as follows: First, teacher-child interaction was positively associated with teachers' emotional intelligence and deep acting in emotional labor was negatively associated with surface acting in emotional labor. Next, surface acting in emotional labor had a mediating effect on the relations between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Finally, deep acting of emotional labor had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Based on these findings, ways to enhance teachers' emotional intelligence in relation to the novice teachers' emotional characteristics, and to improve recognition on emotional labor were discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.25-48
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• 2009

This paper examines an augmented technology acceptance model, which includes perceived interaction as a mediator in the relationships between the technology acceptance model (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness) and student satisfaction in online classes, and its impact on student satisfaction. Data has been collected from 842 undergraduate students in online universities. The data is analyzed by using factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques. The results demonstrate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived interaction serve as predictors for student satisfaction in online classes. Perceived usefulness has a positive relationship with perceived interaction while perceived ease of use has no effect on interaction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.163-179
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• 2017

Objective: The purposes of this study are to test a direct effect of mother-child interaction and to examine the mediating effect of children's smart media use on a child's sleeping hours. Methods: We analyzed the longitudinal data of 1,494 children from the $6^{th}$ panel study of Korean children collected by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2013, which examined 5-year-old children. The main analysis method was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The study results showed that mother-child interaction had a direct effect on the child's sleeping hours. Children's smart media use also directly influenced the child's sleeping hours. In regard to mediation, the results revealed that children's smart media use mediated the relationship between mother-child interaction and child's sleeping hours. Conclusion/Implications: Bidirectional mother-child interaction and the degree of smart media use played an important role in children's sleeping hours. This study suggests policy and practical implications in order to retain children's healthy sleeping hours.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1023-1037
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• 2007

The focus of this study was on service recovery process of domestic internet fashion shopping mall, the purposes of this study were to extract perceived interaction effort and service justice with the recovery factors according to service failure by literature review, and to empirically examine the effect this variables on customer satisfaction with complaint handling and loyalty. The questionnaires was administered to 256 internet shopping mall customer, who has experiences of dissatisfaction and complaining behavior after buying fashion products. The data was analyzed by Cronbach's a, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling using LISREL 8.30 program. The results were as follows. First, perceived interaction partly affected serviced justice consumer. Interaction effort on the part of consumer negatively affected interactional justice, but didn't affected distributive justice and procedural justice. However interaction effort on the part of shopping mall positively affected all justice. Second, distributive, procedural and interactive justice positively affected customer satisfaction with complaint handling and loyalty. Finally, customer satisfaction with complaint handling positively affected customer loyalty. The implications of the research and directions for future researchers were discussed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2018

Purpose This study investigates that the routes of psychological ownership in Fanpage and the effect of psycholoigical ownership on customer loyalty based on psychological ownership theory. Fans are customers who clicked 'Like' on the fan page. These fans have a lot of friends on Facebook, so the word-of-mouth is more effective than other online communities. Therefore, it is necessary for fans to have psychological ownership, actively responding to the fan pages, and recommending them to friends. However, previous social network service studies have overlooked the importance of psychological ownership. In this study, we examine what factors can increase psychological ownership and show that customer loyalty can be enhanced through psychological ownership. Design/methodology/approach This study was designed to investigate the structural relationship between Fanpage Familiarity, Interaction(Customer-Brand interaction and Customer-customer interaction), Psychological Ownerhisp, and Customer Loyalty. Structural equation modeling with SmartPLS2.0 was used to analyze the relationships in the research model. Findings The results showed that Fanpage Familiarity and Customer-customer interaction is positively related with Psychological Ownership. However, Customer-Brand interaction did not influence Psychological Ownership. Psychological Ownership has a positive impact on Intention to Continue Using Fanpage and Recommend.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2002

This paper focuses components interactions which is important factor in designing software components. We classified several types of interaction between components and suggested appropriate graphical notation to extend UML and design process with extended method. Suggested notation and process was verified by practical experiment which is performed in travel agent component application. Representing interaction between components is not same to representing association between classes. UML in current version needs to be extended for representing this kind of components interaction. This research covers UML extension for components interaction and experiment for showing effectiveness.