• Information Systems Review
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2020

This study uses the bibliometric analysis and author bibliographic coupling analysis (ABCA) to analyse the study of IT outsourcing in Korea and China by 2017 and determine the subject areas of the researcher and the intellectual structure which lays the foundation for future researchers in IT outsourcing area. For this study, through the National Digital Science Library (NDSL) of Korea and China Academic Journal network publishing Database (CAJD) of China, it collected the connected documents and found out authors whose work had been published more than twice. ABCA is utilized to visualize the author map which could find out the researchers and areas in meaningful way. The result show that the study of IT outsourcing in Korea came out earlier and developed further than that of China. The study in Korea has already come to the mature period. By contrast, China remains at somewhere between developing period and bottleneck period. The distribution of papers are still in the dispersed state. The author map shows a hot subject area in Korean researchers IT outsourcing strategy is and in chinese scholars IT outsourcing management.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.117-143
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• 2014

Tracing an evolutionary technological trajectory in the macroscopic viewpoint is useful for technology policy, but not for corporate technology and intellectual property strategy. Tackling this issue, recent bibliometric studies using patents and papers have made efforts to identify more specific and detailed technological trajectory. However, these studies cannot go beyond simple description of the past trajectory. Also, identification of technology fusion and evolution relies on experts judgments. We suggest a way of identifying microscopic evolutionary technological trajectories by combining patent citation network analysis with dynamic technology tree. Also, using new indicators of generality, diversity and novelty, we can detect key technologies that can be a starting point of next generation technology and derivative technology. HVDC(High Voltage DC transmission) system technology is exemplified.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.247-271
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• 2019

Uncertainty in scientific knowledge means an uncertain state where propositions are neither true or false at present. The existing studies have analyzed the propositions written in the academic literature, and have conducted the performance evaluation based on the rule based and machine learning based approaches by using the corpus. Although they recognized that the importance of word construction, there are insufficient attempts to expand the word by analyzing the meaning of uncertainty words. On the other hand, studies for analyzing the structure of networks by using bibliometrics and text mining techniques are widely used as methods for understanding intellectual structure and relationship in various disciplines. Therefore, in this study, semantic relations were analyzed by applying Word2Vec to existing uncertainty words. In addition, WordNet, which is an English vocabulary database and thesaurus, was applied to perform a network analysis based on hypernyms, hyponyms, and synonyms relations linked to uncertainty words. The semantic and lexical relationships of uncertainty words were structurally identified. As a result, we identified the possibility of automatically expanding uncertainty words.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.241-264
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• 2022

The Studies related to the Gwangju Student Movement which occurred in 1929 have been diversified on research topics since 2018. A number of studies have been conducted on the process of spreading the Gwangju Student Movement abroad. However, those studies show limitations in terms of difficulty in discovering new historical materials and the absence of research methods. Therefore, the researchers have analyzed the process of spreading Gwangju Student Movement abroad as the process of spreading information based on library and information science. The researchers have newly discovered Chinese newspaper records at that times and conducted 2-mode network analysis. The results are as follows: first, 125 Chinese newspaper records were discovered from 16 kinds of newspapers and 104 articles of them were newly discovered; second, the researcher found that there were earlier articles than the first claimed by previous researchers in their studies; third, Newspapers in Beijing, Sacheon, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Honam regions in China mainly reported the first and second joint demonstrations in Seoul and Gwangju. The significance of this study is to expand and diversify the research on the Gwangju Student Movement through network analysis.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.166-175
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• 2020

Recently, application fields for processing and using digital image contents in various forms and types are rapidly increasing. Since image content is high value-added content, the intellectual property rights of this content must be protected in order to activate the production and use of the digital image content. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based watermark embedding and extraction network. The proposed method is to maximize the robustness of the watermark against malicious/non-malicious attacks while preserving the invisibility of the host image. This network consists of a preprocessing network that changes the watermark to have the same resolution as the host image, a watermark embedding network that embeds watermark data while maintaining the resolution of the host image by three-dimensionally concatenating the changed host image and the watermark information, and a watermark extraction network that reduces the resolution and extracts watermarks. This network verifies the invisibility and robustness of the proposed method by experimenting with various pixel value change attacks and geometric attacks against various watermark data and host images with various resolutions, and shows that this method is universal and practical.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.296-307
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• 2021

A digital hologram (DH) is an ultra-high value-added video content that includes 3D information in 2D data. Therefore, its intellectual property rights must be protected for its distribution. For this, this paper proposes a watermarking method of DH using a deep neural network. This method is a watermark (WM) invisibility, attack robustness, and blind watermarking method that does not use host information in WM extraction. The proposed network consists of four sub-networks: pre-processing for each of the host and WM, WM embedding watermark, and WM extracting watermark. This network expand the WM data to the host instead of shrinking host data to WM and concatenate it to the host to insert the WM by considering the characteristics of a DH having a strong high frequency component. In addition, in the training of this network, the difference in performance according to the data distribution property of DH is identified, and a method of selecting a training data set with the best performance in all types of DH is presented. The proposed method is tested for various types and strengths of attacks to show its performance. It also shows that this method has high practicality as it operates independently of the resolution of the host DH and WM data.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1040-1047
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• 2015

This study is investigated for M2M Communication Network Standard based on 3GPP. The environment of M2M communication, we can predict the new mobile service that gathering, handling, controlling, transferring of the data for Intelligence, so that we can consider new direction for a lot of subject of study development issue. This study is shown three types of M2M network structure and four types of use cases on 3GPP International Standard. In Addition, we can introduce the future M2M communication network model, it can be propagate the industry and academic cooperation with 3GPP standards. The suggestion develops multiple applications and multiple devices for industry and academic. With the deployment of network provider, this environment support our current communication market that the standard devices of M2M network and service requirement. We are suggest this study for grasp the initial market with the intellectual property right (IPR) based on International Standards. In the future, we wish the success that grap the initial market or initial academic study with helpful issue.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.39-51
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• 2023

Objective : This study seeks to unveil the intellectual framework of research surrounding children's occupations by utilizing social network analysis of keywords from studies focused on childhood. Methods : From August 2003 to August 2023, we analyzed 3,364 keywords extracted from 270 research articles in the Korean Citation Index with the keyword "Child and Occupation" using the NetMiner program. Results : Research on children's work has increased quantitatively over the past decade. Keywords exhibiting a high degree of centrality in the realm of child occupation research included Task (0.055), Group therapy (0.040), Working memory (0.037), Intervention (0.033), Performance (0.030), Language (0.026), Ability (0.026), Skill (0.024), and Program (0.023). Notably, the weighted terms in the Word Network included Evaluation-Tool (30), School-Student (15), and Activity-Participation (15). The primary keywords from each topic in topic modeling were Activity (0.295), Disability (0.604), Education (0.356), Skill (0.478), School (0.317), Function (0.462), Disorder (0.324), Language (0.310), Comprehension (0.412), and Training (0.511). Conclusion : This study describes the trends in the domestic field of pediatric occupational research. These efforts provided valuable insights into pediatric occupational therapy in South Korea.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.81-95
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• 2013

This paper seeks to build on previous work conducted by Porter, Devol, Florida, Bahrami and Evans, Wennberg and Lindqvist, and others contained in the literature, to construct a new way of looking at innovation cluster development. It seeks to describe the key elements contained in the research that serve as building blocks for innovation clustering, adding analysis dimensions that aim to further illuminate understanding of this process. It compares those building block characteristics to the innovation topography of U.S. urban centers, to shed light on a new framework through which urban innovation cluster formation can be considered. It identifies three building block analysis categories: 1) Technological Capability and Capacity (TCC); 2) Intellectual Propulsion Capacity (IPC); and 3) Structural Creative Inspiration (SCI). These three pillars form the architecture for creation of a Strategic Innovation Network (SIN), upon which clustering can be systematically analysed and built. The purpose of the SIN is to optimally organize and connect all available resources that include physical, financial, and human, such that innovation clustering is inspired, encouraged, nurtured, and ultimately constructed as fully functioning socio-economic organisms that provide both local and regional benefits. It is designed to aid both private enterprise and public policy leaders in their strategic planning considerations, and to enhance urban economic development opportunities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 1977

The mature human braun contains over 10 billion nerve cells (neurons), whose functions are directly related to the acquisition, transfer, processing, analysis, and utilization of all the information. There are also billions of glial cells, which serve primarily to support and to maintain the integrity of the neuron network and to synthesize an essential fatty strucfure, myelin. In the human brain DNA content therefore cell number rises rapidly until birth and then more slowly until $5{\sim}6$ months of age, when it reaches a maximum. While glial cells may be replaced, the more important nerve cell neurons can never be replaced once they are formed. Humans are born with their full complement of neurons and every neuron is as old as each individual. Thus prenatal malnutrition can seriously affect a person's entire life by severely inhibiting the production of neurons before birth.It has been demonstrated that in humans severe malnutrition during the fetal period and in infancy is associated with intellectual impairment. Severely malnourished children have brains smaller than average size and have been found to have $15{\sim}20%$ fewer brain cells than wellnourished childen. There is growing body of literature pointing to malnutrition as a cause of abnormal behavior as evidence that suggests these abnormalities may produce chromosomal damage that may persist forever. Although cognitive development in children is affected by multiple environmental factors, nutrition certainly deaerves more attention than it has received.