• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.91-99
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• 1998

Generally, the tons lifted and ton-kilometers are widely used to analyze the road freight transport. However, these two indicators are simply to show the road freight transport statistics rather than to explain the road freight transportation systems. In this study, the variables such as the number of distribution channel levels, the integral distance, tons in transport and the average transport distance are defined and estimated to investigate the road freight transport system of Korea. In order to compare the road transport system of Korea to other countries, the comparative study was conducted including USA, Japan, Holland and Taiwan. The major findings of this study are as follows; i) The number of distribution channel levels and integral distance of Korea and Taiwan have been increased, but the average transport distance decreased from 1971 to 1996 period. ii) On the contrary to Korea case, the number of distribution channel levels and integral distance of US, Japan and Holland have been decreased, but the average transport distance increased. iii) In the time-series model analysis shows that the number of distribution channel levels are statistically positively closely related to the logistics costs and the costs of transportation as a percentage of GDP.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.581-595
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• 2003

Transport lattice codes require the resonance integral tables for the resonant nuclides where the resonance integral is a function of the background cross section and can be prepared through a special program solving the slowing down equation. In case the cross section libraries do not include the resonance integral table for the resonant nuclides, the computational prediction produces a large error. We devised a new method using a Monte Carlo calculation for the effective resonance cross sections to solve this problem provisionally. We extended this method to obtain the resonance integral table for general purpose. The MCNP code is used for the effective resonance integrals and the LIBERTE code for the effective background cross sections. We modified the HELIOS library with the effective cross sections and the resonance integral tables obtained by the newly developed Monte Carlo method, and performed sample calculations using HELIOS and LIBERTE. The results showed that this method is very effective for the resonance treatment.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.17-22
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• 2010

In this paper, integral TS(Transport Stream) demultiplexer of a multi-modal receiver is proposed according to the multiple standards of European terrestrial digital broadcasting DVB-T(Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial), and mobile terrestrial digital broadcasting T-DMB(Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting). This USB based integral receiver could recover the multi-modal broadcasting audios by memory sharing technique which was utilized to decrease the load by the control of streaming multi-modal broadcasting. As a result of performance analysis for a proposed integral TS demultiplexer, the CPU occupational efficiency of windows based integral demulitiplexing is improved compared with DVB-T, and T-DMB respectively.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 2024

Strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC) under cracked condition exhibits remarkable capillary absorption due to water ingress from multiple cracks. Surface treatment using water repellent agents is an effective way for improving water resistance of SHCC, but the water resistance may remarkably decrease when cracks penetrate impregnation depth. Another way is to add water repellent agents directly into the mixture, offering SHCC integral water repellency even if cracks form later. However, although integral water repellent treatment has been proved feasible by previous studies, there is still lack of simulation work on the treated SHCC for evaluating its durability. This study presents a simulation method for capillary absorption of cracked SHCC with integral treatment based on a multi-scale approach proposed in the authors' previous work. The approach deals with water flows in bulk matrix and multiple cracks using two individual transport equations, respectively, whereas water absorbed from a crack to its adjacent matrix is treated as the mass exchange of the two equations. In this study, the approach is enhanced for the treated SHCC by integrating the influencing of water repellency into the two transport equations as well as the mass exchange term. Using the enhanced approach, capillary absorption of water repellent SHCC under cracked condition is simulated, showing much more reduced water ingress than the untreated concrete, which is consistent with total absorption data from previous tests. This approach is also capable of simulating water spatial distribution with time in treated SHCC reasonably.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.113-116
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• 2010

In modern conditions of world economic development the integral element of stable social and economic development of the separate countries of the world is the level of their transport infrastructure development, on the one hand capability to effectively provide economic communications between regions inside the country, and capability to integrate into world economic. The condition of a transport infrastructure and its possibility in sphere of maintenance of national participants of foreign trade are reflected in many respects on competitiveness of production, made by them, in the world market and, as consequence, on a country role in economic.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.29 no.6 s.237
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• pp.687-695
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• 2005

On the notion that the Reynolds stresses are transported with different time scale depending on the transport direction, the third order velocity correlations are represented by a new turbulent gradient transport model with tonsorial Lagrangian time scale. In order to verify the proposed model, DNS data are first obtained in a turbulent channel flow at Re = 180 and tonsorial Lagrangian time scales are computed. The present model predictions are compared with DNS data and those predicted by the third-order turbulent transport model of Hanjalic and Launder that uses a scalar time scale. The result demonstrates that the Reynolds stresses are indeed transported with different time scale depending on the transport direction.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1198-1205
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• 2000

A two-degrees-of-freedom servosystem for step-type reference signals has been preposed, in which the integral compensation is effective only when there is a modeling error or a disturbance input. this paper considers robust stability of the servosystem incorporating an observer against both structured and unstructured uncertainties of the plant. A condition is obtained as a linear matrix inequality, under which the servosystem is robustly stable independently of the gain of the integral compensator. This result implies that we can tune the gain to achieve a desirable transient response of the servpsystem preserving robust stability. An example is presented to demonstrate that under the robust stability condition, the transient response can be improved by increasing the gain of the integral compensator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.28-28
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• 1998

RbsC of Escherichia coli is the integral membrane component of the high-affinity ribose transport system classified as the AraH family. To understand the function and structure of RbsC, the topology of RbsC was investigated by alkaline phosphatase fusion. Characterization of a total of 64 RbsC-PhoA fusions revealed that RbsC is composed of six transmembrane helixes and has three periplasmic and two cytoplasmic loops.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.447-469
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• 2018

Types (over parameters) in the theory of atomless random variable structures correspond precisely to (conditional) distributions in probability theory. Moreover, the logic (resp. metric) topology on the type space corresponds to the topology of weak (resp. strong) convergence of distributions. In this paper, we study metrics between types. We show that type spaces under $d^{\ast}-metric$ are isometric to Wasserstein spaces. Using optimal transport theory, two formulas for the metrics between types are given. Then, we give a new proof of an integral formula for the Wasserstein distance, and generalize some results in optimal transport theory.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.416-425
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• 1993

To investigate the characteristics of the merged jet arising from the interaction of two opposing curved wall jets over a circular cylinder in still air, mean velocity, Reynolds stresses, triple moments and integral length scale were measured using hot-wire anenometry. The turbulent kinetic energy and shear stress budget were evaluated using the measured data. The variations of the Reynolds stresses, the triple moment and integral length scale are severe in the interaction region. The pressure diffusion terms are found to be very large when compared the other terms in the interaction region. The distributions of the Reynolds stress and the triple moment in the similar region are found to be similar to those of conventional plane jets.