• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.217-231
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• 2018

In Korea, small and medium sized domestic enterprises(SMEs) play an pivotal role in the national economy, accounting for 99.8% of all enterprises, 87.9% of total employment, and 48.3% of production. and SMEs were driving a real force of the development of national economy in many respects such as innovation, job creation, industrial diversity, balanced regional development. Despite their crucial role in the national development, most of SMEs suffer from a lack of R&D capabilities and equipments as well as funding capacity. Government-Supported Research Institute(GRI) can provide SMEs with valuable supplementary technological knowledges and help them build technological capacities. so, In order to effectively support SMEs, government and GRI must be a priority to know about the factors influencing the performance related to technology transfer and technological collaborations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Innovative competences and CEO's entrepreneurship on Organizational performance in ICT small and medium enterprises, including the moderating effect of Social capital. This study adopted research variables such as Innovative competence, CEO's entrepreneurship as independent variables, with Organizational performance as a dependent variable, including the moderating variable of Social capital. 1,200 companies data which in the field of ICT SMEs were collected from the survey. The result of this empirical study is summarized as follows, First, CEO's entrepreneurship was confirmed to have a significant effect on organizational performance, and social capital variables were confirmed to have a moderating effect between entrepreneurship and organizational performance. Second, it was found that the company's Innovative competence was significantly affected the organizational performance. and also that social capital variables moderating effects. From these findings, it was confirmed that the Innovatibe competence plays an important role in influencing corporate performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.435-445
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• 2018

This study analyzed factors that should be considered in the process of export diversification strategy formulation and priorities of strategies. We reviewed the extant literature and interviewed six experts. Cross-sectional analysis of a literature review and interview results were used to determine the influencing factors of export. The data for this study were collected from a survey of 68 export experts in Automotive Parts enterprises. Data were analyzed using AHP. As a result of the analysis, the order of importance appeared in the order of internal capacity, correlation buyer effect, entry barriers, technology response, and competition environment. The regions with a high overseas level were product differentiation, centralization, and low cost, whereas those with a low level were in the order of low cost, product differentiation, and concentration. It is meaningful to review the alternatives for adoption of the export diversification strategy and establish a strategy appropriate to the situation. It is necessary to establish a customized strategy considering the characteristics of the global region, and not only internal competence but also mutual relationship with local buyers are important.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.39-50
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• 2013

Crib wall is one of the segmental grid retaining walls using headers and stretchers to establish the framework of the wall. In this method, grids formed by the intersection of headers and stretchers are generally filled with the gravel to maintain the weight of the wall. Therefore, the construction can be carried out with higher speed and much economically when compared with the concrete retaining wall. Furthermore, it has high drain capacity, and environmentally friendly aspects also have been pointed out because the possibility of the planting at the front of the wall. However, in the wooden crib wall method, the relative movement between the individual headers and stretchers was generally recognized, and stress redistribution in the gravel filling was also observed when subjected to the external loading and self-weight of filling. In this study, it was analyzed fracture types and causes of wooden crib wall through detailed investigation and analysis of a large crib wall construction site. As a results, it occurred the damage in the members of 5.7% in a total of 2,315 locations and the damage of header occurred in the members of a header 80.2%. The 65.7% of the damaged header are concentrated in the lower part of crib wall. Therefore, it was analyzed the differences of fracture types and causes of wooden crib wall depending on the installation position and the kinds of members. It is considered basically the members of various forms of distortion and the grain affecting.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.298-309
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• 2012

This paper studies the characteristics of the network of the Zhongguancun Cluster, the most representative innovative cluster of the high-tech industry in China at present. For this study, Zhongguancun Cluster was the first high-tech cluster created in China in 1988, the current Zhongguancun Cluster plays a leading role in the development of the high-tech industry in China. In addition, the Zhongguancun Cluster has attracted global attention and helped elevate China as a key region in terms of research development in relation to the high-tech industry. With regard to the spatial characteristics of the network belonging to the companies in Zhongguancun Cluster, purchase and producer services and information and R&D network have a strong tendency to be local, while on the other hand the product sales network has a strong tendency to be non-local. It is because the political support supplied by the government, institutional base that provides high-tech companies, producer services and information regarding producer services is relatively well prepared and managed in Zhongguancun Cluster. The spatial characteristics of the R&D network have a very strong local character is due to the location of the Zhongguancun Cluster where companies, universities and research centers with outstanding research development capacity as well as various support organizations for technology innovation within the cluster are included. On the other hand, because the high-tech products produced in this area are sold all across China as well as in foreign countries, the product sales network has a strong non-local character. Strengthening the local network in terms of the main agents of the cluster is the most important aspect in order to develop a certain industrial cluster into an innovative cluster. In this respect, if the Zhongguancun Cluster is seen from the perspective of a network, it has a basic network foundation. However, to strengthen international competitiveness, not only the local network but also the international network should be strengthened.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2019

A microscope is the fundamental research and diagnostic apparatus for clinical investigation of signaling transduction, morphological changes and physiological tracking of cells and intact tissues from patients in the biomedical laboratory science. Proper use, care and maintenance of microscope with comprehensive understanding in mechanism are fully requested for reliable image data and accurate interpretation for diagnosis in the clinical laboratory. The standard operating procedure (SOP) for light microscopes includes performance procedure, brief information of all mechanical parts of microscopes with systematic troubleshooting mechanism depending on the laboratory capacity. Maintenance program encompasses cleaning objective, ocular lenses and inner optics; replacement and calibration of light source; XY sample stage management; point spread function (PSF) measurement for confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM); quality control (QC) program in fluorescent microscopy; and systematic troubleshooting. Laser safety is one of the concern for medical technologists engaged in CLSM laboratory. Laser safety guideline based on the laser classification and risk level, and advisory lab wear for CLSM users are also expatiated in this overview. Since acquired image data presents a wide range of information at the moment of acquisition, well-maintained microscopes with proper microscopic maintenance program are impulsive for its interpretation and diagnosis in the clinical laboratory.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2020

As the global large-scale infrastructure construction market expands, the construction of civil engineering structures in extreme environments such as cold or hot regions is being planned or constructed. Accordingly, the construction of the pile foundation is essential to secure the bearing capacity of the upper structure, but there is a concern about loss of stability and function of the pile foundation due to the possibility of ground deformation in extreme cold and hot regions. Therefore, in this study, a new type of pile foundation is developed to respond with the deformation of the ground, and the ground deformation that can occur in extreme cold and hot region is largely divided into heaving and settlement. The new type of pile foundation is a form in which a cylinder capable of shrinkage and expansion is inserted inside the steel pipe pile, and the effect of the cylinder during the heaving and settlement process was analyzed numerically. As a result of the numerical analysis, the ground heaving caused excessive tensile stress of the pile, and the expansion condition of the cylinder shared the tensile stress acting on the pile and reduced the axial stress acting on the pile. Ground settlement increased the compressive stress of the pile due to the occurrence of negative skin friction. The cylinder must be positioned below the neutral point and behave in shrinkage for optimum efficiency. However, the amount and location of shrinkage and expansion of cylinder must comply with the allowable displacement range of the upper structure. It is judged that the design needs to be considered.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.231-260
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• 2017

The Fourth Industrial Revolution foreshadows radical changes in our lives. In the era of the fourth industrial revolution called the digital revolution, individualized learning based on ubiquitous learning is emphasized. The contents of learning will be centered on procedural knowledge rather than narrative knowledge, and fusion education in which boundaries between learning domains are broken down will be achieved. First of all, learners in the fourth industrial revolution era should have critical thinking and problem solving abilities. Metacognition based on self-control and cognitive flexibility is important for effective self-directed and active learning. Creativity-based collaborative activities, social vision skills, and social and emotional skills are also important competencies. Therefore, in order to provide individualized learning contents to learners in the fourth industrial revolution era, they should be transformed into learning paradigm based on personal characteristics such as learners' self-efficacy, interest, curiosity and creativity. In addition to this, evaluation forms should be diversified according to changing teaching and learning methods. In order to cultivate teachers to lead such educational innovation, it is necessary to reconsider the teaching capacity. Teachers should be able to construct creative lessons by skillfully exploiting technology in future learning environments. In addition to this, it should also have the ability to collaborate and cognitive flexibility to converge with other academic disciplines. Along with these discussions, we proposed the need for policy intervention along with changes in education.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.100-107
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• 2021

An agrivoltaic system (AVS) is a system of innovation that comprises productions of photovoltaic power and agricultural crops on the same area. However, the decline in crop yield will be fatally occurred because the pigments of crop absorbs less light energy under AVS. In addtion, the photosynthetic capacity of crop grown under the partial shading of AVS is not well reported. In this study, the electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ) of soybean and rice under the AVS in Boseong and Naju was investigated using chlorophyll fluorescence measurement. The ETR value of soybean and rice under AVS were not significantly differed by location. It represents that the photophosphorylation rate of the crops is not critically different. It means that the decreases in total photosynthesis under AVS were mostly affected by the amount of light absorbed by leaves. Under AVS the photosynthesis of crops will be lower than field crops grown in open fields. This is because the crops under AVS observed higher NPQ, which means that the available energy cannot distribute to photophosphorylation reaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.782-789
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• 2020

The demand for the development of rolling stock technology to maintain the best performance in various climatic environments has increased to expand the overseas market of rolling stock. In this study, international and domestic standards that must be applied to build a harsh climatic environment test system were investigated and compared. The way of improvement for domestic standards is proposed. The wind velocities and temperatures are specified in the UIC, EN, and IEC standards for climatic wind tunnel, and EN 50125-1 provides the velocity test up to 180km/h, the largest wind speed. UIC and EN provide the lowest temperature of -45℃, and IEC 62498-1 provides the highest temperature 55℃. The solar radiation test was specified up to 1200W/m2 in the UIC, EN, and IEC. The IEC, EN, and KS R 9145 provide the water tightness standards, which are different from each other in water capacity, pressure, and methods. The snow test method was not well specified. KRTS-VE-Part 31 provides pressurization test methods. The airtightness standards for high-speed rolling stock are defined and regulated for internal pressure change rate in UIC 660 and 779-11. The domestic standard for the wind tunnel test was not well prepared, and the solar radiation test and snow test do not exist in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to improve domestic standards to an international level for the climatic wind tunnel test of rolling stock.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 2022

A set of studies was performed to determine the influence of dietary ZnO concentration and source during two phases (days 0 to 14 and days 15 to 28). Experiment 1: 168 weaned piglets were allocated to four treatment groups in six replicates. The treatments included a basal diet without ZnO supplementation (control), 2,500 mg ZnO/kg (In2500), 500 mg nano-ZnO/kg (N500), and 150 mg nano-ZnO/kg (N150). Experiment 2: 168 weaned piglets were divided into three treatment groups with eight replicates. The treatments included control, In2500, N300, and 150 mg nano-ZnO/kg (N150). An in vitro trial showed that the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium was inhibited when exposed to 300 and 500 ppm of ZnO after 24 h of incubation. In experiment 1, the average daily gain (ADG) by the pigs was improved in the N500 and IN2500 treatment groups. Colonization of coliforms and Clostridium spp. significantly decreased in the pigs fed the N500 and IN2500 diets in phase 1. The total plasma antioxidant capacity was greater in the IN2500 and N500 treatment groups than in the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was greater in pigs fed the IN2500 (phase 1) or the IN2500 and N500 (phase 2) diets than in the control and N150 treatment group. In experiment 2, pigs in the N300 treatment group showed a higher ADG and lower fecal score colonization of coliforms and Clostridium spp. compared with those in the N150 treatment group. In conclusion, nano-ZnO at a dose of 300 ppm showed the same growth as the pharmacological dose of Zn. This provides an option to the pharmacological dose.